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UTS
Learner
Lesson 1: LEARNING TO BE A
BETTER STUDENT
It is only when a student looks back as he
reaches college that he realizes just how
much time he had already spend in school. In
the Philippines, a college freshmen devotes
QUESTIONS TO PONDER:
approximately 13 years of his life to primary ✘Why do people spend so
and secondary education. Yes, that much time much in school?
studying and learning. Having an education is
an essential part of life and even if school ✘Can people not attend
days are over, people still continue to learn. school and still be
Thus, one should take advantage of every successful?
opportunity to learn and become a better
person.
2
WHAT IS LEARNING?
In the field of human
behaviour, learning may be
defined as relatively
permanent changes or
behaviour brought about by
practice and experience
(Coon,2001).
As implied by the
definition, learning involves
acquisition of information or
mastery of skills that brought
about changes not only in
how the person thinks and
feels but more importantly in
how he behaves. 3
Associative Learning
is a method or process wherein the
learner associates a certain response to
an object or a stimulus resulting in a
positive or negative outcome. It links
ideas to continually reinforce one another.
Associative Learning can be habitual
conditioning or what is called Operant
Conditioning, and the other one is a more
controlled type of conditioning called
Classical Conditioning. These two types
give us a better understanding of the
conditions of human behavior.
Cognitive Learning
“Cognitive” refers to “cognition”, which
the Oxford dictionary defines as “the mental
action or process of acquiring knowledge and
understanding through thought, experience,
and the senses.” Webster’s Dictionary
defines learning as “knowledge or skill
acquired by instruction or study”. The concept
of cognitive learning unites these two ideas,
and defines the processes that intervene
when processing information, which goes
from sensory input, passes through the
cognitive system, and reaches the response.
A.
Latent Learning
is a form of learning that is not
immediately expressed in an overt response. It
occurs without any obvious reinforcement of
the behaviour or associations that are learned.
Latent learning is not readily apparent to
the researcher because it is not shown
behaviourally until there is sufficient motivation.
This type of learning broke the constraints of
behaviourism, which stated that processes
must be directly observable and that learning
was the direct consequence of conditioning to
stimuli.
B. Observational Learning
Albert Bandura (1977) agrees with the
behaviourist learning theories of classical
conditioning and operant conditioning. However,
he adds two important ideas:
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Thanks!
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