Managing Organizational Change and Development
Managing Organizational Change and Development
Managing Organizational Change and Development
“Nothing is permanent
Except the change?”
Advantages of change management
• What to change?
• Strategy: mission &vision
• Culture: new corporate values
• Structure: departmental structure ,co-ordination, span
of control , reporting relationships, tasks, decision-
making procedures
• Technologies: new systems and methods
• Employees: changes in employee attitudes and skills
Overcoming resistance to change
What causes resistance?
• All behavior in organizations is a product of two
kinds of forces –those striving to maintain the
status quo and those pushing for change.
Lewis's change process
• Unfreezing: reducing the forces striving to
maintain the status quo.
• Moving: developing new behaviors ,values ,and
attitudes , sometimes through structural changes.
• Refreezing: reinforcing the changes.
Overcoming resistance to change:
• Change initiatives
• Political campaign: creating a coalition strong enough to
support and guide the initiative.
• Marketing campaign: tapping into employees’ thoughts
and feelings and also effectively communicating message
about the prospective program’s theme and benefits.
• Military campaign: deploying executive's scare resources
of attention and time to actually carry out the change.
How to lead change
1. Establish a sense of urgency.
2. Mobilize commitment though joint diagnosis of problems.
3. Create a guiding coalition.
4. Develop a shared vision.
5. Communicate the vision.
6. Help employees to make change.
7. Generate short-term wins.
8. Consolidate gains and produce more change.
9. Anchor the new ways of doing things in the company’s culture.
10. Monitor progress and adjust the vision as required.
Using organizational development
• Organizational development
• A special approach to organizational change in which
employees themselves formulate and implement the
change that’s required.
Usually involves action research
Applies behavioral science knowledge.
Changes the attitudes , values, and beliefs of
employees.
Changes the organization in a particular direction.
Examples of OD interventions
Human process Human resource management
T-groups Goal setting
Reward system
Team building
Career planning and
Intergroup relations
development
Process consultation
Managing workforce