Flooring

BY
Aditi Shah
BE- CIVIL , 7 t h Sem
Laxmi Institute of Technoogy
 Flooring is the general term
for a permanent covering of
a floor, or for the work of
installing such a floor
covering.
 Floor covering is a term to
generically describe any finish
material applied over a floor
structure to provide a walking
surface.
 Materials almost always classified
as floor covering include carpet,
area rugs, and resilient flooring
such
as linoleum or vinyl flooring.
 Materials commonly called flooring
include wood flooring, ceramic
The floor under
the flooring is
called the
subfloor.
This provides the
support for the flooring.
Special purpose subfloors
like floating floors, raised
floors or sprung floors
may be laid upon another
underlying subfloor which
provides the structural
strength.
 The choice of material for floor covering is
affected by factors such as cost, endurance,
noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort.
 Some types of flooring must not be installed
below grade (lower than ground level), and
laminate or hardwood should be avoided
where there may be moisture or condensation.
 The sub-floor may be finished in a way that
makes it usable without any extra work.
depends upon below factors:
• Initial Cost
• Appearance
• Cleanliness
• Durability
• Damp Resistance
• Sound Insulation
• Thermal Insulation
• Fire Resistance
• Smoothness
• Hardness
• Maintenance
SOFT
COVERINGS •Carpet is a floor covering
woven
or felted from natural or
man- made fibre.
•Fitted carpet is attached to the
floor structure, extends wall-to-
wall, and cannot be moved
from place to place.
•Rugs are smaller than the room
in which they are located and
are generally placed over the
wood
flooring.
•They may be attached to the
flooring below by adhesive or
other methods.
WOOD
•Many different species of wood are
FLOORING fabricated into wood flooring in
two primary forms: plank and
parquet.
•Hardwoods are typically much more

durable than softwoods.
•Laminate is a floor covering that

appears similar to hardwood but is
made with a plywood or medium
density fibreboard ("MDF") core with a
plastic laminate top layer.
•Bamboo flooring is a floor

manufactured from the bamboo plant
and is a type of hardwood flooring,
though technically not a wood.
 Resilient flooring is
made of material
that has some
elasticity.
 It includes many
different manufactured
products
including linoleum,
sheet vinyl, vinyl
composition tile
(VCT), cork (sheet
or
tile), rubber, and
 Ceramic tile includes a
wide variety of clay
products fired into
thin units which are
set in beds
of mortar or mastic
wit h the joints
between tiles
grouted.
 Varieties include quarry
tile, porcelain tile ,
terracotta tile, and
others.
 Mosaic flooring is
made of small pieces
of broken tiles of
china glaze or of
cement, or of marble ,
arranged in different
patterns
 This pieces are cut to
desired shapes and
sizes.
 Example of Mosaic
flooring are
terraces and
indoor gardens.
•New technologies
are emerging
since 2004 to
produce hard
floorings having
the ability to
light up when
needed these tiles
are called Glazed
tiles.
 Many different
seamless flooring
materials are available.
These are usually
latex, polyester, urethane
or epoxy compounds
which are applied in
liquid form to provide a
completely seamless floor
covering.
 These are usually found
in wet areas such as
laboratories or food
processing plants.
 It is a superior type
of flooring, used in
bathrooms and
kitchens of residential
buildings and in
hospitals, sanatoriums,
temples etc. Where
extra
cleanliness is an
essential requirement.
 Marble slabs may be laid
in different sizes,
usually in rectangular
or square shapes.
 Such a flooring is used in cheap
construction, specially where good bricks
are available.
 This flooring is specially suited to ware-
houses, stores, go-downs etc.
 Well-burnt bricks of good colour and
uniform shapes are used.
 Bricks are laid either or flat or on edge,
arranged in herring bone fashion or set at right
angles to the walls, or set any other good
looking pattern.
 This is a special
purpose flooring,
used in
circumstances where
it is desired to
transmit light from
upper floor to lower
areas.
 Glass flooring is very
costly, and not
commonly used.
 E.g. Dance floor or
Home
decoration.
 It consists of sheets or
tiles of rubber, in variety
of patterns and colours
with thickness varying
from 3 to 10 mm.
 The sheets are fixed to
the concrete floor
with the help of
appropriate
adhesives.
 Rubber floorings are
resilient and noise
proof.
 They are costly, hence
used in public
buildings or offices
 Sustainable flooring is produced from
sustainable materials (and by a sustainable
process) that reduces demands on
ecosystems during its life-cycle.
 Some think that sustainable flooring creates
safer and healthier buildings and guarantees a
future for traditional producers of renewable
resources that many communities depend on.
Special tools used for flooring include:
 Flooring clamp, a clamp for
tongue- and-groove floors while
nailing
 Knee kicker, used to position carpets
precisely and stretch small areas,
like steps
 Concrete moisture meter used to check
a concrete floor before laying
flooring on top
There are a number of special features that may be
used to ornament a floor or perform a useful
service:
 Floor medallions decorative centrepieces of a
floor design
 Doormats to help keep a floor clean
 Gratings used to drain water or to rub dirt off
shoes
 Tactile or rumble strips to warn of for instance
a wheelchair ramp, these would normally also
be distinctively coloured or patterned.
 Light strips to show an escape route out,
especially on
 Mouldings or
baseboards to
decorate the sides of
a floor or to cover
the edge of a
floating
floor.
 Anti-Slip Devices The
addition of either
granular or
rubberized particles
that will allow
wheels, shoes, or
feet better traction.
 Wood floors, particularly older ones, will tend
to 'squeak' in certain places.
 This is caused by the wood rubbing against
other wood, usually at a joint of the subfloor.
 Firmly securing the pieces to each other
with screws or nails will remove this problem.
 Concrete floors are usually so solid they do not
have this problem, but are also much more
expensive to construct, and much heavier,
resulting in further requirements regarding
the structure of the building.
 Floor vibration is a particularly annoying
problem with floors. Wood floors tend to pass
sound, particularly heavy footsteps and low
bass frequencies.
 Floating floors can reduce or eliminate
this problem.
 The flooring may need protection sometimes
(e.g., a gym floor used for a graduation
ceremony).
 A Gym floor cover can be used to reduce the
need to satisfy incompatible requirements.
Types of flooring:
1. Resilient Flooring
2. Wood flooring
3. Carpet & Rugs
4. Ceramic Tiles
5. Seamless chemical flooring
6. Marble flooring
7. Brick Flooring
8. Glass Flooring
9. Stone Flooring
10. Rubber flooring
So there you go Ten types of flooring that you can choose from.
These are just few types of flooring that are hit on the market
today.

Flooring

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flooring

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flooring

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

BY

•Hardwoods are typically much more

•Laminate is a floor covering that

•Bamboo flooring is a floor

You might also like