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L3 Graphs of Functions

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Miko2014
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9 views

L3 Graphs of Functions

Uploaded by

Miko2014
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRAPHS OF

FUNCTIONS
GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS
 
OBJECTIVES:
• sketch the graph of a function;
• determine the domain and range of a
function from its graph; and
• identify whether a relation is a function or
not from its graph.
As we mentioned in our previous lesson, a function
can be represented in different ways and one of which
is through a graph or its geometric representation. We
also mentioned that a function may be represented as
the set of ordered pairs (x, y). That is plotting the set
of ordered pairs as points on the rectangular
coordinates system and joining them will determine a
curve called the graph of the function.
The graph of a function f consists of all points (x, y)
whose coordinates satisfy y = f(x), for all x in the
domain of f. The set of ordered pairs (x, y) may also be
represented by (x, f(x)) since y = f(x).
Knowledge of the standard forms of the special
curves discussed in Analytic Geometry such as lines
and conic sections is very helpful in sketching the
graph of a function. Functions other than these
curves can be graphed by point-plotting.
To facilitate the graphing of a function, the
following steps are suggested:
• Choose suitable values of x from the domain of a
function and
• Construct a table of function values y = f(x) from the
given values of x.
• Plot these points (x, y) from the table.
• Connect the plotted points with a smooth curve.
EXAMPLE:
A. Sketch the graph of the following functions and
determine the domain and range.
1. f ( x)  x 2
5.h( x)  9  x 2

2.G ( x)  9  x 6. g ( x )  3  x  2
3.G ( x)  x  42

x  3x  2
2
4.h( x) 
x 1
SOLUTIONS:
2.F ( x)  9  x 3.G ( x)  x 2  4
1. f ( x)  x 2

(9, 0)
(0, 4)

D :    , 9  D :   , 
D :   , 
R :  0,  R :   4, 
R :  0, 

6. g ( x )  3  x  2
x 2  3x  2 5.h( x)  9  x 2
4.h( x) 
x 1
(0, 3)
(-2, 3)

(-1, 1) (-3, 0) (3, 0)

D :   ,  except  1 D :   , 


D :   3 ,3
R :   3, 
R :   ,  except  1 R :  0 ,3
When the graph of a function is given, one can
easily determine its domain and range.
Geometrically, the domain and range of a function
refer to all the x-coordinate and y-coordinate for
which the curve passes, respectively.

Recall that all relations are not functions. A


function is one that has a unique value of the
dependent variable for each value of the
independent variable in its domain. Geometrically
speaking, this means:
A relation f is said to be a function if and only if, in its
graph, each vertical line cuts or touches the curve
at no more than one point.
This is called the vertical line test.
Consider the relation defined as {(x, y)|x2 + y2 = 9}.
When graphed, a circle is formed with center at
(0, 0) having a radius of 3 units. It is not a function
because for any x in the interval (-3, 3), two ordered
pairs have x as their first element. For example, both
(0, 3) and (0, -3) are elements of the relation. Using
the vertical line test, a vertical line when drawn
within –3  x  3 intersects the curve at two points.
Refer to the figure below.
(0, 3)

(-3, 0) (3, 0)

(0, -3)

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