Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 535 views

    Visual Testing IN Asnt Level Ii

    Uploaded by

    MAXX ENGINEERS
    Visual testing (VT) is the oldest and most widely used non-destructive testing method. VT uses only the human eyes to inspect materials at any stage of manufacturing or service life. VT is preliminary screening and if an item fails VT, further NDT is not conducted. Proper VT enhances quality and reduces costs. Key components of VT include assessing eye acuity, using borescopes and videos to inspect hard to reach areas, and identifying defects in materials like cracks, pores, shrinkage in castings and forgings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Visual Testing IN Asnt Level Ii

    Uploaded by

    MAXX ENGINEERS
    535 views49 pages
    Visual testing (VT) is the oldest and most widely used non-destructive testing method. VT uses only the human eyes to inspect materials at any stage of manufacturing or service life. VT is preliminary screening and if an item fails VT, further NDT is not conducted. Proper VT enhances quality and reduces costs. Key components of VT include assessing eye acuity, using borescopes and videos to inspect hard to reach areas, and identifying defects in materials like cracks, pores, shrinkage in castings and forgings.

    Original Description:

    visual testing material

    Original Title

    VT

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Visual testing (VT) is the oldest and most widely used non-destructive testing method. VT uses only the human eyes to inspect materials at any stage of manufacturing or service life. VT is preliminary screening and if an item fails VT, further NDT is not conducted. Proper VT enhances quality and reduces costs. Key components of VT include assessing eye acuity, using borescopes and videos to inspect hard to reach areas, and identifying defects in materials like cracks, pores, shrinkage in castings and forgings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    535 views49 pages

    Visual Testing IN Asnt Level Ii

    Uploaded by

    MAXX ENGINEERS
    Visual testing (VT) is the oldest and most widely used non-destructive testing method. VT uses only the human eyes to inspect materials at any stage of manufacturing or service life. VT is preliminary screening and if an item fails VT, further NDT is not conducted. Proper VT enhances quality and reduces costs. Key components of VT include assessing eye acuity, using borescopes and videos to inspect hard to reach areas, and identifying defects in materials like cracks, pores, shrinkage in castings and forgings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 49

    VISUAL TESTING

    IN
    ASNT LEVEL II
    VISUAL TESTING

    • ASME - SECTION 5 (NDT)


    • SECTION 5 – ARTICLE 9 (VT)
    VT INTRODUCTION
    • Visual Testing is the oldest and most widely
    used form of inspection technique
    • Here often the inspector’s eyes are the only
    equipment used for the inspection
    • VT is applicable to virtually any material , at
    any stage of manufacture, at any point in its
    service life
    • Generally VT is the most preliminary stage
    inspection. if an item fails in VT , one may not
    further continue any NDT inspection or further
    processing.
    • Proper visual testing will enhance the
    production , quality, profit and of course
    customer’s satisfaction
    Why VT
    • It is an old saying that prevention is better
    than cure . VT does this only
    • For Ex VT is used in the welding during every
    stage from cradle to grave
    • Most NDT tests ultimately involve visual tests-
    a properly processed radiograph is useful only
    when the radiographic interpreter has the
    vision acuity required to interpret the image.
    Similarly in the MT the accumulation of the
    magnetic particles over the crack is to be done
    by VT only
    • VT uses the probing energy from the visible
    portion of the Electro Magnetic spectrum.
    EYE & IT’S FUNCTIONS

    Components of the Human Eye


    VISION TESTS
    • Near vision acuity: J1 or J2, or at greater than 12 “ and
    reduced snellian vision 20/20 at 16 “ or by orthorater
    test.
    • Far vision acuity is 20/20 snellian at 6 meter or 20 feet.
    ASME code needs 20/20 or 20/30 vision .But it does not
    specify whether it is for near vision or far vision.
    • Normal is 20/20,Better is 20/10,worse is 20/30,worst
    is 20/200
    • 20/200 corrected in both eyes are legally blind.20/200
    can be simulated by observing objects under water with
    naked eye .Here 20/20 is considered as the base line.
    • Reserve vision acuity: It refers to the ability of the
    indudivial to maintain acuity under poor viewing
    condition. 20/20 has more reserve vision acuity than
    20/70
    RIGID BORESCOPES

    • Adaptable to almost any existing equipment


    • Clear sharp images
    • Superior optics with multi-layered lens coatings
    BORESCOPE

    • Rigid borescopes give higher quality images, are


    easier to use and are less expensive than flexible
    scopes of similar quality.
    • Choose a rigid borescope unless the rigidity is a
    problem. Then you need...
    VIDEO INSPECTION WITH YOUR
    BORESCOPE

    • Video allows you to inspect parts faster and more


    comfortably, view images with others, and record
    images for documentation or e-mail transmission.
    You can display images on a color monitor, your PC
    screen, or save them to a VCR or computer.
    Visual defects in forging
    • Crack
    • Unfilled Section
    • Pit marks
    • Dent marks
    • Scale formation
    • Fold
    Unfilled Section
    Valve body Crack
    Crack in flange neck
    Scale formation
    Pit marks
    After machining
    Visual defects in casting

    shrinkage
    Unfilled section
    Casting crack
    Magnetic particle tesing in
    UV Lamp
    CRANE HOOK WITH
    SERVICE INDUCED CRACK
    GEAR WITH
    SERVICE INDUCED CRACK

    Fluorescent, Wet Particle Method


    DRIVE SHAFT WITH
    HEAT TREATMENT INDUCED CRACKS

    Fluorescent, Wet Particle Method


    SPLINED SHAFT WITH
    SERVICE INDUCED CRACKS

    Fluorescent, Wet Particle Method


    THREADED SHAFT WITH
    SERVICE INDUCED CRACK

    Fluorescent, Wet Particle Method


    CRANK SHAFT WITH
    SERVICE INDUCED CRACK NEAR LUBE
    HOLE
    RADIOGRAPHIC
    INDICATIONS FOR
    CASTINGS
    porosity or blow holes
    • Gas porosity or
    blow holes are
    caused by
    accumulated gas or
    air which is trapped
    by the metal. These
    discontinuities are
    usually smooth-
    walled rounded
    cavities of a
    spherical, elongated
    or flattened shape.
    SHRINKAGE
    • Shrinkage is a form of
    discontinuity that
    appears as dark spots
    on the radiograph. 
    • Shrinkage defects can
    occur when standard
    feed metal is not
    available to
    compensate
    for shrinkage as the
    thick metal solidifies.
    CRACKS
    Sand inclusions
    • Sand inclusions and
    dross are nonmetallic
    oxides, which appear on
    the radiograph as
    irregular, dark blotches.
    These come from
    disintegrated portions of
    mold or core walls 
    Welding Gauge Hi-Lo

    Welding Hi-Lo gauge. Measures internal misalignment, Fit-


    up gap, Bevel on Pipe and Plate end preparation, Crown
    height, and Pipe and Plate wall thickness.
    Lack of cleanliness traps slags in the weld.
    Undercut - A groove melted into the base metal adjacent to the weld
    toe or weld root and left unfilled by weld metal.
    Clean weld but irregular melting of edges because of high welding
    current produce undercuts.
    Misalignment -
    POROSITY
    INCOMPLETE FUSION
    OVERLAP
    UNDERFILL
    SPATTER
    EXCESSIVE CONVEXITY
    EXCESSIVE CONCAVITY
    EXCESSIVE WELD
    REINFORCEMENT
    INCOMPLETE PENETRATION
    &
    EXCESSIVE PENETRATION

    You might also like