Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis: Workshop 4.2

Workshop 4.
Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis
Workshop 4.2 - Goals

Workshop 4.2 consists of a 2 part assembly representing a pressure cap and retaining flange (full model shown below).
Workshop Supplement
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We will solve the model in 2 ways, as a 90 degree symmetry sector and as a 2D axisymmetric model (shown on next page). Our goal is to compare the 2 methods both for consistency and for economy.
Pressure Cap
Retaining Ring
Full Model
March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-2
Workshop 4.2 - Geometry

Shown here are the 3D sector model and the 2D axisymmetry model.
Workshop Supplement
Pressure Cap
Retaining Ring
Workshop 4.2 - Assumptions

Assumptions:
The retaining ring is fixed at its mounting holes. The contact region between the parts is frictionless. The base of the pressure cap is constrained using a compression only support.
Workshop Supplement
Note: due to the presence of the bolt holes the structure is not truly axisymmetric. Part of our goal is to determine the validity of the axisymmetric assumption in this case.
Workshop 4.2 - Start Page

From the launcher start Simulation.
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When DS starts, close the Template menu by clicking the X in the corner of the window.
Workshop 4.2 Geometry Setup

Before importing the geometry highlight the Geometry branch and change the Analysis Type preference to 2D in the details.
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Choose Geometry > From File . . . and browse to the file Axisym_pressure_2D.x_t.
Workshop 4.2 Preprocessing

1. Set the working unit system to the metric mm system. Units > Metric (mm, Kg, N, C, s).
Workshop Supplement
1. Highlight Parts 1 and 2 in the tree and rename Retaining Ring and Pressure Cap. 2. In the details for each part, change their Behavior to Axisymmetric.
2 3

4. From details for the Pressure Cap and import the material Stainless Steel.
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Workshop 4.2 Contact
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Highlight the Contact Region and notice the target contains a single edge. We will add a second edge to insure all possible contact is detected.
Additional target edge to be added (shown dashed)
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5. Click in the Target field then select the 2 edges of the pressure cap shown here. 6. Apply the new selection.
5
Select Edges
Note: if you have difficulty selecting the edges of the Pressure Cap, use the hide feature to hide the retaining ring during selection.

7. In the Contact Region detail change the Type to Frictionless.
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8. Highlight the Mesh branch, RMB and Preview Mesh (note the speed with which the 2D mesh is generated as well as the density).
Workshop 4.2 Environment

9. Highlight the Environment branch.
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10. Select the 3 inside edges of the Pressure Cap. 11. RMB > Insert > Structural > Pressure. 12. Set the pressure magnitude = 0.1 MPa.
10 11 12

13. Highlight the bottom edge of the pressure cap. 14. RMB > Insert > Compression Only Support.
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14
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15. Select the middle line on the top of the retaining ring. 16. RMB > Insert > Fixed Support.
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Remember, the axisymmetric assumption here is that the retaining ring is a continuous solid. Actually there are bolt holes around its circumference. For this reason, when the model was created in DesignModeler this separate line was intentionally created to provide a location to add our support.
Workshop 4.2 Solution

Highlight the Solution branch, RMB and insert:
17. Stress > Equivalent (von-Mises) 18. Deformation > Total
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17
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19. Switch to body select mode, select the pressure cap and repeat steps 16 and 17.
Solve
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Note, the last two results are now scoped to the pressure cap. This will allow us to isolate its response.

20. OK the weak spring message.
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Note: due to the fact that the pressure cap is constrained using frictionless contact and a compression only support, weak springs are added to prevent rigid body motion.
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Notes on axisymmetry: 1. 2. Notice that the model lies completely in +X space with the Y axis as the axis of revolution. This is required for axisymmetry. Axisymmetry assumes that the model is a complete 360 degree model. For this reason no constraints in the X direction are required. The portion of the pressure load acting in the +X direction is assumed to be offset by an equal portion in the X direction.
Workshop 4.2 Postprocessing

Highlight each of the result objects to inspect the response.
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Note: due to meshing and machine variations, results may not match exactly those shown here.
For future reference, highlight the Equivalent Stress 2 result (scoped) and note the maximum value here:________________

Highlight the Solution branch, RMB > Insert > Solution Information > Solution Information.
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The graphics window will change to the Worksheet view. Scroll to the bottom of the solution information and note the Elapsed Time (this will vary by machine). Elapsed Time = ___________________________
Note, CP time represents the sum for all processors used. In multiprocessor machines it will generally exceed elapsed time.
Workshop 4.2 3D Symmetry Model
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Close the current project (you may save the current 2D Simulation if desired).
Well now set up and solve the 3D symmetry model using the same boundary conditions.
Workshop 4.2 - Start Page

From the launcher start Simulation.
Workshop Supplement
When DS starts, close the Template menu by clicking the X in the corner of the window.
Workshop 4.2 Geometry Setup

Choose Geometry > From File . . . and browse to the file Axisym_pressure_3D.x_t.
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Note, once again rename the 2 parts in the model Retaining Ring and Pressure Cap

2. From details for the Pressure Cap and import the material Stainless Steel.
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3. Highlight the Contact Region branch and change the Type to Frictionless.
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4. Highlight the Mesh branch, RMB and Preview Mesh.

Refer to p. 4.1-11 to compare the 2D mesh.
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5. From the Environment branch highlight the 6 faces representing the planes of symmetry (cut planes). 6. RMB > Insert > Frictionless Support.
6
Note: there are six (6) faces to select.
Note, frictionless supports provide constraints in the normal direction. This is used to model the symmetry condition.

7. Highlight the bottom face of the pressure cap, RMB > Insert > Compression Only Support.
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8. Highlight the 3 inside faces on the pressure cap, RMB > Insert > Pressure.
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9.
Change the Magnitude to 0.1 in the detail window.

10. Highlight the 3 cylindrical faces of the bolt holes, RMB > Insert > Fixed Support.
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10

Highlight the Solution branch, RMB and insert:
11. Stress > Equivalent (von-Mises) 12. Deformation > Total
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11
12
13. Switch to body select mode, select the pressure cap and repeat steps 16 and 17.
Solve
13
As before, the last two results are scoped to the pressure cap.

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As before highlight each of the result objects and inspect the response. For reference, highlight the Equivalent Stress 2 result (scoped) and note the maximum value here:________________

Highlight the Solution branch, RMB > Insert > Solution Information > Solution Information.
Workshop Supplement
The graphics window will change to the Worksheet view. Scroll to the bottom of the solution information and note the Elapsed Time (this will vary by machine). Elapsed Time = ___________________________
Workshop 4.2 Comparison
Workshop Supplement
Using the example shown in the exercise we now compare analyses (note, your actual results may vary from those shown here. Also, your solution times will almost certainly differ from those shown here. Maximum von-Mises Stress Results:
Axisymmetric = 0.829 MPa 3D Symmetry = 0.749 MPa
Note, meshing differences account for the results difference (see next page). Recall that the 2D model resulted in a more refined mesh than the 3D. The next page shows the results from a more refined 3D model.
Elapsed Time:
Axisymmetric = 8.0 seconds 3D Symmetry = 40.0 seconds
Workshop 4.2 Comparison

Maximum von-Mises Stress Results:
3D Symmetry (refined) = 0.852 MPa
Workshop Supplement
Elapsed Time:
3D Symmetry (refined) = 578.0 seconds
Results using a more refined mesh with the 3D symmetry model

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis: Workshop 4.2

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Workshop 4.

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 - Goals

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-2

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 - Geometry

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-3

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 - Assumptions

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March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-4

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 - Start Page

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March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-5

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Geometry Setup

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-6

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Preprocessing

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March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-7

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Preprocessing

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-8

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Contact

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Additional target edge to be added (shown dashed)

March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-9

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Contact

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March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-10

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Contact

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

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Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Environment

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

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Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Environment

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

March 26, 2005 Inventory #002266 WS4.2-13

Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Environment

ANSYS Workbench - Simulation ANSYS Workbench - Simulation - Simulation - Simulation

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Comparing 2D and 3D Structural Analysis

Workshop 4.2 Solution

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