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    Lecture 4

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    ZohaibKhan
    This document discusses different types of modulators used in communication systems. It covers multiplier modulators, non-linear modulators, switching modulators, and ring modulators. It provides examples of a frequency mixer, switching demodulator, and discusses amplitude modulation where a carrier signal is transmitted along with the modulated signal so that the receiver does not need to generate a new carrier. It explains the conditions required for envelope detection of an amplitude modulated signal.

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    Lecture 4

    Uploaded by

    ZohaibKhan
    18 views20 pages
    This document discusses different types of modulators used in communication systems. It covers multiplier modulators, non-linear modulators, switching modulators, and ring modulators. It provides examples of a frequency mixer, switching demodulator, and discusses amplitude modulation where a carrier signal is transmitted along with the modulated signal so that the receiver does not need to generate a new carrier. It explains the conditions required for envelope detection of an amplitude modulated signal.

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    Lecture-4

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    This document discusses different types of modulators used in communication systems. It covers multiplier modulators, non-linear modulators, switching modulators, and ring modulators. It provides examples of a frequency mixer, switching demodulator, and discusses amplitude modulation where a carrier signal is transmitted along with the modulated signal so that the receiver does not need to generate a new carrier. It explains the conditions required for envelope detection of an amplitude modulated signal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views20 pages

    Lecture 4

    Uploaded by

    ZohaibKhan
    This document discusses different types of modulators used in communication systems. It covers multiplier modulators, non-linear modulators, switching modulators, and ring modulators. It provides examples of a frequency mixer, switching demodulator, and discusses amplitude modulation where a carrier signal is transmitted along with the modulated signal so that the receiver does not need to generate a new carrier. It explains the conditions required for envelope detection of an amplitude modulated signal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Communication SYSTEM (EE-344)

    Week 4
    Muhammad Faisal
    muhammad.faisal@riphah.edu.pk
    Lecturer, FEAS
    B-208
    RIPHAH International University, Islamabad
    Book

    Modern Digital & Analog Communication Systems


    (3rd Edition) by B.P. Lathi
    Text Book

     Introduction to Analog & Digital Communications,


    2nd ed. S. Haykin and M. Moher,, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
    2007
    Reference Book
    Modulators

    There are following types of modulators:

    Multiplier Modulators
    Non-Linear Modulators
    Switching Modulators
    Ring Modulators
    Modulator
    A modulator is a circuit with multiple inputs where
    one input can modify or control the signal flow from
    another input to the output.

    where fA and fB are two arbitrary functions of v1(t)


    and v2(t), respectively
    Multiplier
    A multiplier is a modulator where fA and fB are linear
    functions of v1(t) and v2(t).
    Non-Linear Modulator
    nonlinear device modulation is a process which imparts to sinusoidal two or more
    amplitude levels.
    Switching Modulator
    Switching Modulator
    Cont….
    Ring Modulator
    Cont….
    Example 4.2
    Frequency Mixer or Converter
    Example 4.3
    Switching Demodulator
    AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM)
    Previously receiver must generate a carrier in order to
    demodulate the signal. (Costly)
    Alternate is to send the carrier signal with the
    modulated signal.(no need of generating carrier at the
    receiver end)
    In case of Point to Point communication the receiver
    can be complex and expensive. (Justified)
    In case of Broadcasting it is acceptable to have high
    power transmitter and less expensive receiver.
    Cont.….
    In this case A + m(t) is the modulating signal as compared to
    the previous m(t).
    Two cases
    A + m(t)>0
    A + m(t)<0
    First case envelope has the same shape as m(t) but riding on a
    DC value A
    Second case envelope does not attain the same shape as the
    m(t) as some part gets rectified.
    Envelope of the AM has the information about m(t) only if AM
    signal [A + m(t)]cos w(t) satisfies the condition A + m(t)>0
    AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM)
    Cont….
    In some cases we don’t need to add carrier because the
    envelope of DSB-SC signal is also m(t). That means
    m(t)>0 even if A=0.
    We need to add the carrier only if m(t) /> 0 that means
    the signal is taking some negative value in over a
    range of t.
     Let mp the peak magnitude positive or negative.
    Conditions for envelope detection
    Example 4.4

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