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Lesson 1.4 Circular Functions

This document covers trigonometric functions of angles. It defines the six trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant) for acute angles in right triangles and angles in standard position. It discusses reference angles, trigonometric ratios of special angles like 30°, 45°, 60°, and trigonometric functions of quadrantal angles. Examples are provided to illustrate calculating trig functions of given angles.

Uploaded by

Chelsea Roque
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views

Lesson 1.4 Circular Functions

This document covers trigonometric functions of angles. It defines the six trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant) for acute angles in right triangles and angles in standard position. It discusses reference angles, trigonometric ratios of special angles like 30°, 45°, 60°, and trigonometric functions of quadrantal angles. Examples are provided to illustrate calculating trig functions of given angles.

Uploaded by

Chelsea Roque
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 1 : Trigonometry

Lesson 1.4
The Trigonometric
Functions of an Angle
Lesson Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students should be
able to:
 illustrate the different trigonometric
functions
 express trigonometric ratios of an
angle in standard position
 get the trigonometric ratios of
special angles
 Use reference angles to find exact
values of the trigonometric functions
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF
AN ANGLE
Six Trigonometric Functions of acute angle A
DEFINITION: Consider a right triangle with as one of
its acute angles. The trigonometric ratios are defined
as follows:

opposite hypotenuse
sin   csc 
hypotenuse opposite

adjacent hypotenuse
cos  sec 
hypotenuse adjacent
opposite adjacent
tan   cot  
adjacent opposite
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF AN
ANGLE
DEFINITION: Let be an angle in standard position,
and let be a point on the terminal side. If is the
distance from the origin to the point , then

y x y
sin   cos  tan   , x  0
r r x
r r x
csc  , y  0 sec  , x  0 cot   , y  0
y x y
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
Find the six trigonometric ratios of an angle in
standard position formed by point P(-4, 3).

y 3 r 5
sin    csc   
r 5 y 3

x 4 4 r 5 5
cos     sec    
r 5 5 x 4 4
y 3 3 x 4 4
tan     cot    
x 4 4 y 3 3
EXAMPLES:
Find the six trigonometric ratios of the angles , , and
using the figures below:
SIGN OF TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS IN
RECTANGULAR PLANE
SIGN OF TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS IN
RECTANGULAR PLANE
EXAMPLE:
Find the other functions of an angle given that
tan   3, if lies in quadrant III.
y 3
tan   3  
x 1
The other functions of are

y 3 3 10 r 10
sin     sec      10
r 10 10 x 1
x 1 10 r 10 10
cos     csc    
r 10 10 y 3 3
x 1 1
cot    
y 3 3
BOARDWORK:
Find the other functions of an angle given that
sec    2 , if lies in quadrant III.
REFERENCE ANGLE
DEFINITION: Any angle in standard position has a
reference angle. A reference angle is that acute
angle which the terminal side makes with the x-axis.
A right triangle is formed when a vertical line is
drawn to the x-axis from any point on the terminal
side.
Illustration:
Find the six trigonometric functions of 150° without
the aid of a calculator.

The six trigonometric functions of 150° are


y 1  r 2

sin 150   csc150    2
r 2 y 1
 x  3 3 r 2 2 3
cos 150    
sec 150   
r 2 2 x  3 3
 y 1 3  x  3
tan 150    cot 150    3
x  3 3 y 1
Boardwork:
4
Find the six trigonometric functions of  .
3
EXERCISE:
1.) Find the six trigonometric functions of the angle
if the terminal side of in standard position passes
through the point .
25 3
2.) Given sec  
24
and   
2
,find sin   cos .
29
 
6
3.) What is the reference angle of ?
Find the value of .
SPECIAL TRIANGLES
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF SPECIAL
TRIANGLES

The following values of the trigonometric ratios are


obtained from the special triangles:
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF
QUADRANTAL ANGLE
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF
QUADRANTAL ANGLE
EXERCISES:
Determine the trigonometric ratios of the
following angle measures:
1.)

2.)
3.)

4.)
EXERCISE:
I. Sketch a triangle that has acute angle , and find the
other five trigonometric ratios of .
5 12
1.) tan 2.)
 
cos3.) 4.)cot   1 tan   3
6 13
II. Evaluate the following expressions (calculator is NOT
allowed):
2 2
1.)  sin  tan   csc
2.)     
 sin  cos  sin  cos 
   
 3 6 4  3 4 4 3
3.) sin 30 cos 60  sin 60 cos 30
2 3
4.) sin 30  csc 30
EXERCISE:
Answer the following problems:
1.) The terminal side of an angle in standard
position contains the point . Find the values of the
six trigonometric functions of .
2.) Find the values of the other trigonometric
functions of if and does not terminate in .
3.) Find the values of the other trigonometric
functions of if and .
EXERCISE:
Answer the following problems: (continuation)
4
4.) If tan   and , determine the value of
5
2.sin   cos 
3 cos 
5.) If tan   3 and is in , what is ?
5
6.) If and ,tanfind 2 sec.   tan 
 
3 sec   tan 
7.) If and , find .

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