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    Chapter 1

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    Richel Rabas
    The document discusses the fundamental theorems of integration and indefinite integrals. It covers the first and second fundamental theorems of integration, which link integrating and differentiating functions. It also covers properties of indefinite integrals such as the integral of a sum of functions being equal to the sum of integrals.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Richel Rabas
    18 views19 pages
    The document discusses the fundamental theorems of integration and indefinite integrals. It covers the first and second fundamental theorems of integration, which link integrating and differentiating functions. It also covers properties of indefinite integrals such as the integral of a sum of functions being equal to the sum of integrals.

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    This is for education purposes only.

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    CHAPTER 1

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    The document discusses the fundamental theorems of integration and indefinite integrals. It covers the first and second fundamental theorems of integration, which link integrating and differentiating functions. It also covers properties of indefinite integrals such as the integral of a sum of functions being equal to the sum of integrals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views19 pages

    Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Richel Rabas
    The document discusses the fundamental theorems of integration and indefinite integrals. It covers the first and second fundamental theorems of integration, which link integrating and differentiating functions. It also covers properties of indefinite integrals such as the integral of a sum of functions being equal to the sum of integrals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Differential and Integral

    Calculus
    (AST 222)

    Richel B. Rabas
    Instructor
    Learning Objectives
    At the end of this lesson, the students must have:

    • Identify the fundamental theorems of


    integration.
    • Analyze and solve word problems using
    the fundamental theorems of integration.
    CHAPTER 1

    FUNDAMENTAL
    THEOREMS OF
    INTEGRATION
    Fundamental Theorems of Integration

    The fundamental theorem of


    calculus is a theorem that links the
    concept of integrating a function with
    that of differentiating a function.
    Fundamental Theorems of Integration

    The fundamental theorem of calculus


    justifies the procedure by computing the
    difference between the antiderivative at
    the upper and lower limits of the
    integration process.
    AREA FUNCTION
    Let’s consider a function f in x that is defined in
    the interval [a, b]. The integral of f(x) between the
    points a and b, i.e., a∫b f(x) dx, is the area that is
    bounded by the curve y = f(x) and the lines x = a,
    x =b and x – axis a∫x f(x) dx depicts the area of
    the region shaded in brown where x is a point
    lying in the interval [a, b].
    AREA FUNCTION
    First Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus
    (Part 1)
    The first part of the calculus theorem is
    sometimes called the first fundamental theorem
    of calculus. It affirms that one of the
    antiderivatives (may also be called indefinite
    integral) say F, of some function f, may be
    obtained as integral of f with a variable bound of
    integration. From this, we can say that there can
    be antiderivatives for a continuous function.
    First Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus
    (Part 1)
    Let f be a continuous real-valued function defined
    on a closed interval [a, b]. Let F be the function
    defined, for all x in [a, b], by:
    F (x) =
    Second Fundamental Theorem of Integral
    Calculus (Part 2)
    The second fundamental theorem of calculus
    states that, if the function “f” is continuous on
    the closed interval [a, b], and F is an indefinite
    integral of a function “f” on [a, b], then the
    second fundamental theorem of calculus is
    defined as:

    F(b)- F(a) = a∫b f(x) dx


    Second Fundamental Theorem of Integral
    Calculus (Part 2)
    F(b)- F(a) = a∫b f(x) dx
    f(x) is the integrand.

    dx is the integrating agent.

    ‘a’ indicates the upper limit of the integral and ‘b’ indicates a
    lower limit of the integral.
    LESSON 1: INDEFINITE INTEGRAL

    Indefinite integral is the integration


    of a function without any limits.
    Integration is the reverse process
    of differentiation and is referred as
    the antiderivative of the function.
    LESSON 1: INDEFINITE INTEGRAL
    An integral which is not having any upper and
    lower limit is known as an indefinite integral.

    Mathematically, if F(x) is any anti-derivative of f(x)


    then the most general antiderivative of f(x) is
    called an indefinite integral and denoted,

    ∫f(x) dx = F(x) + C
    LESSON 1: INDEFINITE INTEGRAL
    LESSON 2: PROPERTIES OF
    INDEFINITE INTEGRAL
    Property 1: The process of differentiation and integration
    are inverses of each other in the sense of the following
    results:

    where C is any arbitrary constant.


    LESSON 2: PROPERTIES OF
    INDEFINITE INTEGRAL
    Property 2: Two indefinite integrals with the same
    derivative lead to the same family of curves, and so they
    are equivalent.
    LESSON 2: PROPERTIES OF
    INDEFINITE INTEGRAL
    Property 3: The integral of the sum of two
    functions is equal to the sum of integrals of the
    given functions, i.e.,
    LESSON 2: PROPERTIES OF
    INDEFINITE INTEGRAL

    Property 4: For any real value of p,


    LESSON 2: PROPERTIES OF
    INDEFINITE INTEGRAL

    Property 5:

    For a finite number of functions f1, f2…. fn and


    the real numbers p1, p2…pn,
    ∫[p1f1(x) + p2f2(x)….+pnfn(x) ]dx = p1∫f1(x)dx +
    p2∫f2(x)dx + ….. + pn∫fn(x)dx

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