NON VERBAL

COMMUNICATION
Submitted by: Submitted to:
. Taranjeet Kaur Dr. Yogita Verma
. Udham Singh
. Upendra Yadav
 Contents

 DEFINING NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
1. Facial expressions
2. Gestures
3. Body language and posture
4. Proxemic
5. Eye contact
6. Haptics
7. Paralinguistic
8. Symbols
 IMPORTANCE OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
 DEFINING NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Non verbal communication is the transmission
of messages through gestures, touch, body
language, facial expression, eye contact. Speech
contains non verbal elements known as paralanguage,
including quality emotion and speaking style.
Frequently non-verbal signals reflect the situation
more accurately than verbal messages. Sometimes
non-verbal response contradicts the verbal
communication and thus affects the effectiveness
of message.
 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

 FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
Facial expressions are one of the most important
aspects of human communication that comes under
non-verbal communication. The face is responsible
for communicating not only thoughts or ideas, but
also emotions. Darwin was the first to propose that
some of these facial expressions of emotions have their origin in the evolution of the
human species. These expressions helped the organism survive because it appeared
important to social animals like humans, chimpanzees to express these imminent
behaviors implied by the emotions(attack in anger).
GESTURES

 Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to

communicate meaning without words. Common gestures include
waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate numeric amounts. In
courtroom settings, lawyers have been known to utilize different
nonverbal signals to attempt to sway juror opinions. An attorney
might glance at his watch to suggest that the opposing lawyer's
argument is tedious or might even roll his eyes at the testimony
offered by a witness in an attempt to undermine his or her credibility.
 These nonverbal signals are seen as being so powerful and influential
that some judges even place limits on what type of nonverbal
behaviors are allowed in the courtroom.
 BODY LANGUAGE AND POSTURE
 Body language is the unspoken element of communication that
we use to reveal our true feelings and emotions.
 It's the relaxed facial expression that breaks out into a genuine
smile – with mouth upturned and eyes wrinkled. It can be a tilt
of the head that shows you're listening, sitting or standing
upright to convey interest, or directing attention with hand
gestures. It can also be taking care to avoid a defensive, arms-
crossed posture, or restlessly tapping your feet.
 When you can "read" signs like these, you can understand
the complete message of what someone is telling you. You'll be
more aware of people's reactions to what you say and do. And
you'll be able to adjust your body language to appear more
positive, engaging, and approachable.
PROXEMICS
 proxemic is the study of space and how we use it, how it makes us feel
more or less comfortable, and how we arrange objects and ourselves in
relation to space. The term was coined by the anthropologist Edward Hall.
Hall was interested in understanding how humans use space in communication.
 Public space is the space that characterizes how close we sit or stand to
someone, like a public figure or public
speaker. So, if you are at an event listening to a professor give a lecture, you are
probably about 12 - 25 feet away.
 Social space means we're getting a little closer, about 4 - 12 feet away. This is the
kind of space you're probably in if you're talking to a colleague or a customer at
work.
 Personal space is even closer. In this case, you're probably about 1 - 4 feet
away from someone. This is reserved for talking to friends or family.
 Intimate space is for people who you are very close to. In this case, you're
probably less than a foot away and you might even be touching the other person.
 Eye contact
 Eye contact in communication enables us to develop a connection
with the person we are speaking to and not making eye contact
can send out signals to others that we are uninterested. Maintaining
an eye contact doesn't mean staring constantly into the other
person's eyes, doing this, in fact can send an offensive non-verbal
message.
 Public speaking still ranks highly on the list of most dreaded
activities in the world, but there are times when we have to come out of our comfort
zone and deliver a speech, especially in our professional lives.
If you are an able orator and can impress people with your oratory skills, then your
bosses are more likely to sit up and take notice. There are a lot of things that make a
good speech, but as this article is on the importance of eye contact, we will focus our
attention on the necessity of engaging your audience through effective eye contact.
 HAPTICS
Haptics is the discipline which studies the sense
of touch. It is a form of nonverbal communication and
the way by which people communicate via touching.
Touch, or the haptic sense, is extremely important for
humans, as well as providing information about surfaces and textures.
Haptics is a component in interpersonal relationships and vital in
conveying physical intimacy.
There are many kinds of touch, like the positive touch, negative touch,
playful touch, serious touch, control touch, etc. All these different kinds of
nonverbal communicational touch are meant to communicate something
specific.
PARALINGUISTICS
 Paralanguage is used to describe a wide range of vocal characteristics which help
to express and reflect the speaker’s attitude. Paralanguage is non-verbal in nature
and depends on voice, intonation, pitch, pause, volume, stress, gestures, and
signals. Through these, one’s voice can convey enthusiasm, confidence, anxiety
and the speaker’s mental state and temperament.
 (i) Voice: Voice is the first signal that we receive or use. There are various
categories of voices. A voice can be sweet, soft, musical, cultivated, pleasant,
nasty, clear or indistinct, among other things. The voice can help reveal a
speaker’s background, mental state, education and temperament.
 (ii) Intonation: Intonation is the modulation of the voice and the shift in stress.
For example, a message with serious content should not be delivered in a high
tone, but in a somber tone.
 (iii) Pitch: Pitch is the vocal slant of the voice. It reveals the speaker’s frame of
mind. An unusually high pitch may reflect agitation. An unchanging pitch maybe
boring or monotonous, decreasing the listener’s span of attention. The pitch also
 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Kinesics
Kinesics comes from the word kinesis which means movement. It is the study
of the way in which body movements, gestures and facial expressions
serve as a form of non-verbal communication. A great deal of meaning can be
Interpreted by your facial expressions, eye contact the way you move your
hands and legs.
 Haptics
It is a branch of non verbal communication in which people and animals
communicate via sense of touch. Touch is the most sophisticated and
initimate of five senses. Haptic involves handshake, slap, hug, massage, hit,
kick etc. Non-verbal haptic communication sends messages through sensory
Nerves and receives messages through brain sensors a s it impacts the
Psychological stimulus.
PARALINGUISTICS
It refers to the vocal communication that is separate from actual language.
This includes factors such as tone of voice, loudness, inflection and pitch.
For ex: when a sentence is said in a strong tone of voice, listeners might
interpret approval and enthusiasm. The same words said in a hesitant tone
of voice might convey disapproval and a lack of interest. A friend might ask
you how you are doing and you might respond with the standard “I am fine”
but how you actually say those words might reveal a tremendous amount of
how you are really feeling. A cold tone of voice might suggest that you are
actually not fine, but you don’t wish to discuss to discuss it. A bright, happy
tone of voice will reveal that you are actually doing quite well.
Why is it important to
understand body language?

See how people react to us

and our ideas
You can control nervous
habits and negative signals.
People respond and
remember more of what
they see than hear.
What is Positive Body Language?

Relaxed posture
Relaxed arms
Good eye contact
Nodding agreement
Smiling at humor
Leaning closer
Using gestures
What is Negative Body Language?

Body tension
Arms folded
Speaking hand to mouth
Fidgeting
Yawning
Interpreting Nonverbal Messages

Don't just look - see

Consider person's normal physical
behavior
Look for clusters of signals, not just
one
Facial Expressions Six emotions are
the foundation
Surprise
Fear
Anger
Disgust
Happiness
Sadness
 Facial Expressions Different Facial Areas
for different emotions

Disgust - nose, cheek, mouth

Sadness - brows and forehead
Happiness - cheeks and mouth
Fear - eyes and eyelids
Tone of Voice
The pitch and timbre (distinctive tone) show
the true feelings
“Oh” can mean…
"You surprised me."
"I made a mistake."
"You're a pain in the neck!"
"You made me so happy!"
"I'm bored."
"I'm fascinated."
"I don't understand."
How to Tell Lying Decreased hand activity Increased
Facial touching
Concerned subconsciously, hands will give you away
Hide them, sit on them, clasp them together
Increased Facial touching
Earlobe pull
Hand on brow
Mouth cover
Lip Press
Hair Groom
Stiff and rigid posture
Increased body shifting
Multicultural Messages

Frame of reference is important in understanding

symbols.
What means “Hook ‘em Horns” in Texas, means…
Italy - insult
Brazil - good luck
Hindus - cow

In business, body language wins out over verbal

communication.
Greetings are different around the world
Latinos hug
Japanese bow
French kiss both cheeks
English & Americans shake hands
Romans clasped forearms
Arab citizens say “Salaam”
Eskimos slap hands on heads or shoulders
Maoris rub noses
Polynesians embrace each other and rub backs
women vs. Men Women respond to touch differently
than men

Nurse's touch
Women- blood pressure down
Men- blood pressure up
Types of Space Personal Intimate Under 18 inches 1-1/2 to 4 feet

Confidential Exchanges
Conversations with friends & colleagues
Social
4 to 12 feet
Public
Over 12 feet
Social & Business Exchanges
Public Spaces like Shopping Malls
Nonverbal Communication in the
Workplace
"We talk with our vocal chords, but
we communicate with our facial
expressions, our tone of voice, our
whole body,”
Psychologist Paul Ekman
Steps to a Professional Personality
To be successful, you have to look successful.
Have confident posture- shoulders erect (it shows
interest)

Don't smile constantly

Cocking your head suggests hesitation
Touching your face makes you look nervous
Be the first to interact
Keep body position open
Be in command when seated
Forearms on the table
Don't slouch or jiggle your foot
Work on your handshake
Maintain good eye contact