DIVINE CHILD SCHOOL

Introduction to the
Emerging Trends
 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
 Artificial Intelligence or AI is the ability of a
machine or computer system to learn human
intelligence process, experiences and adapt
to new information, perform human-like
activities.
 Using AI Computer can do many things on

its’ own like driverless train, auto pilot mode

in aircrafts.
 MACHINE LEARNING
 Machine learning is an application of artificial
intelligence (AI) that provides systems the
ability to automatically learn and improve
from experience without being explicitly
programmed.
 Machine learning focuses on the

development of computer programs that

can access data and use it to learn for
themselves.
 MACHINE LEARNING CONTD..

 Machine learning algorithms build a

mathematical model based on sample data,
known as "training data", in order to make
predictions or decisions without being
explicitly programmed to do so.
 Examples of Machine Learning:

1. Facial recognition technology that allows

social media platforms to help users tag and
share photos of friends.
2. Optical character recognition (OCR)
technology converts images of text into
movable type.
 NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
 Natural Language Processing or NLP, is a
branch of artificial intelligence that deals
with the interaction between computers and
humans using the natural language.
 The ultimate objective of NLP is to read,

decipher, understand, and make sense of the

human languages to help the computer
system to interact with humans naturally.
 Most NLP techniques rely on machine

learning to derive meaning from human

languages.
 USES OF NLP

 Natural Language Processing is the driving

force behind the following common
applications:
1. Language translation applications such as
Google Translate
2. Word Processors such as Microsoft Word
that employ NLP to check grammatical
accuracy of texts.
3. Interactive Voice Response (IVR)
applications used in call centers to respond
to certain users’ requests.
4. Personal assistant applications such as OK
Google, Siri, Cortana, and Alexa.
 IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCE (AR, VR)
 An immersive experience is the perception of
being in one place when you are actually in
another. It is essentially the suspension of
reality, even if just for a few moments.
 People always want the most immersive

experience possible, especially when it

comes to entertainment.
 AUGMENTED REALITY (AR)
 Augmented reality (AR) adds digital
elements to a live view often by using the
camera on a smartphone. Examples of
augmented reality experiences include
Snapchat lenses and the game Pokemon Go.
 In other words, if you see the real world

supplemented with digital objects, that’s AR.

 Imagine you want to buy a piece of furniture

– a chair, for example. Augmented reality

technology can help you check how different
chairs will look in your room and pick the one
that fits best.
 VIRTUALREALITY (VR)

 Virtual reality (VR) implies a

complete immersion experience that shuts
out the physical world.
 Property agents / Automobile dealers can use

virtual reality for this purpose. Unlike photos,

VR is immersive, so potential buyers can take
three- dimensional walkthroughs and better
understand what each property/car has to
offer before visiting in person.
 Robotics is an interdisciplinary research
ROBOTICS

area at the interface of computer science

and engineering.
 Robotics involves design, construction,

operation, and use of robots.

 The goal of robotics is to design intelligent

machines that can help and assist humans in

their day-to-day lives and keep everyone
safe.
 India’s First Robot “MITRA”
 ROBOTICS CONTD..

 Robotics develops machines that can substitute

for humans and replicate human actions.
 Robots can be used in many situations and for

lots of purposes, but today many are used in

dangerous environments (including inspection
of radioactive materials, bomb detection and
deactivation), manufacturing processes, or
where humans cannot survive (e.g.in space,
underwater, in high heat, and clean up and
containment of hazardous materials and
radiation).
 Robots can take on any form but some are

made to resemble humans in appearance.

BIG DATA AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
 The term Big Data refers to a huge volume
of data that cannot be stored or processed by
any traditional data storage or processing
units.
 Big Data is generated at a very large scale

and it is being used by many

multinational companies to process and
analyse in order to uncover insights and
improve the business of many organizations.
 Big Data can be defined by one or more of

three characteristics, the three Vs:

high volume, high variety, and high velocity.
 BIG DATA CHARACTERISTICS

 Volume: Volume refers to the sheer size of

the ever-exploding data of the computing
world. It raises the question about the
quantity of data.
 Velocity: Velocity refers to the processing

speed. It raises the question of at what speed

the data is processed.
 Variety: Variety refers to the types of data.

It raises the question of how disparate the

data formats are.
 INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
 The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of
interrelated computing devices, mechanical
and digital machines, objects, animals or
people that are provided with unique
identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer
data over a network without requiring
human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.
 INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) CONTD..
 IoT makes once "dumb" devices "smarter" by
giving them the ability to send data over the
internet, allowing the device to communicate
with people and other IoT-enabled things.
 The connected "smart home" is a good

example of IoT in action. Internet-enabled

thermostats, doorbells, smoke detectors and
security alarms create a connected hub
where data is shared between physical
devices and users can remotely control the
"things" in that hub (i.e., adjusting
temperature settings, unlocking doors, etc.)
via a mobile app or website.
 SENSORS
 Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently
used to detect and respond to electrical or
optical signals. A Sensor converts the physical
parameter (for example: temperature, blood
pressure, humidity, speed, etc.) into a signal which
can be measured electrically.

 Different Types of Sensors

1. Temperature Sensor.
2. Proximity Sensor.
3. Accelerometer.
4. IR Sensor (Infrared Sensor)
5. Pressure Sensor.
6. Light Sensor.
7. Ultrasonic Sensor.
8. Smoke, Gas and Alcohol Sensor.
 SMART CITIES
 A Smart city is an urban area that uses
different types of electronic
Internet of Things (IoT) sensors to
collect data and then use insights gained
from that data to manage assets, resources
and services efficiently. This includes data
collected from citizens, devices, and assets
that is processed and analyzed to monitor
and manage traffic and transportation
systems, power plants, utilities, water supply
networks, waste management, crime
detection, information systems, schools,
libraries, hospitals, and other community
services.
 SMART CITIES CONTD..

 The Smart city concept integrates information

and communication technology (ICT), and various
physical devices connected to the IoT network to
optimize the efficiency of city operations and
services and connect to citizens. Smart city
technology allows city officials to interact directly
with both community and city infrastructure and to
monitor what is happening in the city and how the
city is evolving.
 ICT is used to enhance quality, performance and
interactivity of urban services, to reduce costs and
resource consumption and to increase contact
between citizens and government. Smart city
applications are developed to manage urban flows
and allow for real-time responses.
SMART CITIES CONTD..
CLOUD COMPUTING AND CLOUD SERVICES

 Cloud computing is named as such because

the information being accessed is found
remotely in the cloud or a virtual space.
 Companies that provide cloud services

enable users to store files and applications

on remote servers and then access all the
data via the Internet. This means the user is
not required to be in a specific place to gain
access to it, allowing the user to work
remotely.
 Cloud computing is the delivery of different

services through the Internet. These

resources include tools and applications like
data storage, servers, databases,
networking, and software.
 TYPES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
 Cloud computing is not a single piece of
technology like a microchip or a cellphone.
Rather, it's a system primarily comprised of
three services:
1. Software-as-a-service (SaaS) ,

2. Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS),

3. Platform-as-a-service (PaaS).
 SOFTWARE-AS-A-SERVICE (SAAS)
 Software-as-a-service (SaaS) involves the
licensure of a software application to
customers. Licenses are typically provided
through a pay-as-you-go model or on-
demand.
 This type of system can be found in Microsoft

Office's 365.
INFRASTRUCTURE-AS-A-SERVICE (IAAS)

 Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS)
involves a method for delivering
everything from operating systems to
servers and storage through IP-based
connectivity as part of an on-demand
service.
 Clients can avoid the need to purchase
software or servers, and instead procure
these resources in an outsourced, on-
demand service.
 Popular examples of the IaaS system include
IBM Cloud and Microsoft Azure.
PLATFORM-AS-A-SERVICE (PAAS)

 Platform-as-a-service (PaaS) is
considered the most complex of the three
layers of cloud-based computing.
 PaaS shares some similarities with SaaS, the

primary difference being that instead of

delivering software online, it is actually a
platform for creating software that is
delivered via the Internet.
 This model includes platforms like Force.com

and Heroku.
 GRID COMPUTING

 Grid computing is a group of computers

physically connected (over a network or with
Internet) to perform a dedicated tasks
together, such as analyzing e-commerce
data and solve a complex problem.
 Grids are a form of "super virtual computer"

that solve a particular application.

 Grid computing is the practice of

leveraging multiple computers, often

geographically distributed but connected by
networks, to work together to accomplish
joint tasks.
 GRID COMPUTING CONTD..

 Grid computing is typically run on a “

data grid,” a set of computers that directly
interact with each other to coordinate jobs.
 BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY

 A block chain is, in the simplest of terms, a

time-stamped series of immutable records of
data that is managed by a cluster of
computers not owned by any single entity.
Each of these blocks of data (i.e. block) is
secured and bound to each other using
cryptographic principles (i.e. chain).
 Block chain, sometimes referred to as

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), makes

the history of any digital asset unalterable
and transparent through the use of
decentralization and cryptographic hashing.
BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY
EXAMPLE
 POTENTIAL USES FOR BLOCK CHAIN
TECHNOLOGY
1. Payment processing and money transfers
 Arguably the most logical use for blockchain is as a

means to expedite the transfer of funds from one party

to another.
2. Monitor supply chains
 Blockchain also comes in particularly handy when it

comes to monitoring supply chains. By removing paper-

based trails, businesses should be able to pinpoint
inefficiencies within their supply chains quickly, as well
as locate items in real time.
3. Copyright and royalty protection
 In a world with growing internet access, copyright and

ownership laws on music and other content has grown

hazy. With blockchain, those copyright laws would be
beefed up considerably for digital content downloads.
4. Retail loyalty rewards programs
 Blockchain could further revolutionize the retail

experience by becoming the go-to for loyalty rewards.

THANK
YOU!