Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 55 views

    Unit 3 Pumps

    Uploaded by

    arunlaltp
    This document summarizes different types of pumps. It begins by defining pump terminology and classifications. The main types discussed are positive displacement pumps, including reciprocating pumps like piston, plunger, and diaphragm pumps, and rotary pumps like gear, lobe, screw, cam, and vane pumps. Centrifugal pumps are also covered, explaining how they work by converting mechanical energy to hydraulic energy using centrifugal force. Advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal pumps are provided. The document concludes with sections on pumping problems, power and efficiency calculations, and factors to consider for pump selection.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Unit 3 Pumps

    Uploaded by

    arunlaltp
    55 views28 pages
    This document summarizes different types of pumps. It begins by defining pump terminology and classifications. The main types discussed are positive displacement pumps, including reciprocating pumps like piston, plunger, and diaphragm pumps, and rotary pumps like gear, lobe, screw, cam, and vane pumps. Centrifugal pumps are also covered, explaining how they work by converting mechanical energy to hydraulic energy using centrifugal force. Advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal pumps are provided. The document concludes with sections on pumping problems, power and efficiency calculations, and factors to consider for pump selection.

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document summarizes different types of pumps. It begins by defining pump terminology and classifications. The main types discussed are positive displacement pumps, including reciprocating pumps like piston, plunger, and diaphragm pumps, and rotary pumps like gear, lobe, screw, cam, and vane pumps. Centrifugal pumps are also covered, explaining how they work by converting mechanical energy to hydraulic energy using centrifugal force. Advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal pumps are provided. The document concludes with sections on pumping problems, power and efficiency calculations, and factors to consider for pump selection.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    55 views28 pages

    Unit 3 Pumps

    Uploaded by

    arunlaltp
    This document summarizes different types of pumps. It begins by defining pump terminology and classifications. The main types discussed are positive displacement pumps, including reciprocating pumps like piston, plunger, and diaphragm pumps, and rotary pumps like gear, lobe, screw, cam, and vane pumps. Centrifugal pumps are also covered, explaining how they work by converting mechanical energy to hydraulic energy using centrifugal force. Advantages and disadvantages of centrifugal pumps are provided. The document concludes with sections on pumping problems, power and efficiency calculations, and factors to consider for pump selection.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    PUMPS

    GROUP I
    PELN YETEMYEN ASLI AK

    HANDE ZENGN
    ESRA SEVN

    PRESENTATION OUTLINE

    Pump Terminology Pump Classification: - Reciprocating Pumps - Rotary Pumps - Centrifugal Pumps Pumping Problems Power and Efficiency Calculations Pump Selection

    PUMP TERMINOLOGY

    Pumping, the addition of energy to a fluid Pumping action creates a partial vacuum while atmospheric pressure forces liquid up. Pump performance, specified in terms of Q and H:

    H Q/t (

    Pd , g Ps , g

    Vd Vs )( ) (Z d Z s ) 2g 2g

    Displacement, the discharge of a fluid from a vessel Centrifugal Force, used to produce kinetic energy

    PUMPS
    POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS RECIPROCATING PUMPS
    PISTON PUMPS PLUNGER PUMPS DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

    CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

    ROTARY PUMPS
    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS VANE PUMPS

    RECIPROCATING PUMPS

    Based on two stroke principles: High pressure, high efficiency Self-priming X Small quantity, vibration, physical dimension, uneven flow

    Used mainly for handling slurries in plant processes and pipeline applications

    RECIPROCATING PUMPS

    PISTON PUMPS PLUNGER PUMPS DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

    Two valves and one stuffing box A rotating mechanism for the reciprocating piston Uses suction to raise liquid into the chamber.

    RECIPROCATING PUMPS

    PISTON PUMPS PLUNGER PUMPS DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

    Two ball check valves on each side Low pressure on the upward part, high pressure on the downward part

    RECIPROCATING PUMPS

    PISTON PUMPS PLUNGER PUMPS DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

    Rod is moved to push and pull the diaphragm. Can be used to make artificial hearts.

    ROTARY PUMPS

    Positive displacement type

    CHigh pressure, high efficiency DLiquids must be free of solids CHandle viscous fluids

    Used mainly in, oil burners, soaps and cosmetics, sugars, syrup, and molasses, dyes, ink, bleaches, vegetable and mineral oils

    ROTARY PUMPS

    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS


    SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS VANE PUMPS

    Gears create voids as they come out of mesh and liquid flows into the cavities As the gears come back into mesh, the volume is reduced and the liquid is forced out of the discharge port

    ROTARY PUMPS

    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS


    SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS VANE PUMPS

    As the teeth come out of mesh, liquid flows into the pump and is carried between the teeth and the casing to the discharge side of the pump The teeth come back into mesh and the liquid is forced out the discharge port

    ROTARY PUMPS

    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS


    SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS VANE PUMPS

    Fluid is carried between the rotor teeth and the pumping chamber The rotor surfaces create continuous sealing Rotors include bi-wing, trilobe, and multi-lobe configurations

    ROTARY PUMPS

    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS


    SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS VANE PUMPS

    Screw pumps carry fluid in the spaces between the screw threads. The fluid is displaced axially as the screws mesh.

    ROTARY PUMPS

    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS


    SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS

    VANE PUMPS

    Piston slide arm moves around inside a slot in the casing. An eccentric cam rotates the circular plunger (shown in gray) around the edge of the casing, fluid is swirled around the edge to the outlet port. It is not in use now and is mainly of historical curiosity.

    ROTARY PUMPS

    GEAR PUMPS LOBE PUMPS


    SCREW PUMPS CAM PUMPS

    VANE PUMPS

    The vanes are in slots in the rotor. Rotor spins, centrifugal force pushes the vanes out to touch the casing, where they trap and propel fluid.

    CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
    WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL PUMP? WORKING MECHANISM OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP ADVANTEGAES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

    WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL PUMP?

    Convert the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by centrifugal force on the liquid Constitute the most common type of pumping machinery Used to move liquids through a piping system Has two main components: 1. Stationary componets, casing, casing cover and bearings 2. Rotating components, impeller and shaft Classified into three categories ; Radial Flow, Mixed Flow, Axial Flow

    WORKING MECHANISM OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP


    Simplest piece of equipment in any process plant Energy changes occur by virtue of impeller and volute Liquid is fed into the pump at the center of a rotating impeller and thrown outward by centrifugal force The conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy supplies the pressure difference between the suction side and delivery side of the pump

    Liquid flow path inside a centrifugal pump

    ADVANTAGES OF CENTRIGUGAL PUMPS


    Advantages

    Simple in construction and cheap Handle liquid with large amounts of solids No metal to metal fits No valves involved in pump operation Maintenance costs are lower

    DISADVANTAGES OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS


    Disadvantages

    Cannot handle highly viscous fluids efficiently Cannot be operated at high heads Maximum efficiency holds over a narrow range of conditions

    PUMPING PROBLEMS
    Cavitation
    Reduces the pump capacity Causes metal removal reduced flow loss in efficiency and noise

    To avoid cavitation

    NPSH

    POWER AND EFFICIENCY CALCULATIONS


    The power supplied to the pump: (1)

    Where m=mass flow rate, kg/s H= total discharge head, N.m/kg =efficiency

    The power delivered to the fluid: (2) From equations (1) and (2) efficiency:

    PUMP SELECTION
    The amount of fluid The properties of the fluid Type of power supply Cost and mechanical efficiency of the pump

    CAPACITY
    LOW HIGH HIGHER

    PRESSURE
    SMALL OR MODERATE MODERATE OR HIGH

    GEAR

    LOBE CENTRIFUGAL
    RECIPROCATING or ROTARY PLUNGER RIGID SCREW

    or
    ROTARY PISTON

    REFERENCES
    1.

    2.
    3. 4.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump www.cheresources.com www.pumpworld.com/contents.htm www.rpi.edu./dept/chem-eng/ Biotech-Environ/PUMPS/intro.html

    Thanks for listening

    You might also like