North Carolina's Outer Banks is home to many beautiful estuaries. Estuaries are coastal areas with shallow waters that are mixed with sea water and freshwater flowing from watersheds. These areas are known as nurseries for thousands of species of sea creatures. Sea turtles come ashore to lay their eggs and when those hatch, the baby turtles scramble back toward the ocean where they will live out their lives. Fish, manatee, sharks, starfish, and many other species are at home in the Croatan Sound Estuary.
This document discusses estuaries and estuarine fisheries in India. It defines an estuary and notes that India has over 55 estuaries along its eastern and western coasts, totaling approximately 30,000 square kilometers. Several major river systems like the Ganges, Mahanadi, Godavari and Krishna form highly productive estuarine ecosystems. The document examines the fish production and ecology of estuaries like the Hooghly, Krishna, Godavari, Mahanadi, Chilka, Pulicat Lake, and Kerala backwaters. It provides details on fish catches, species diversity, and threats like overfishing in several of India's important estuarine systems.
This document discusses the challenges facing estuaries. It identifies 6 issues: 1) unsafe drinking water due to pollution concentrating in estuaries, 2) loss of economic resources as natural resources in estuaries are imperiled, 3) harmful algal blooms which can negatively impact human health, 4) reduction of fisheries due to changes in freshwater flow into estuaries, 5) loss of habitat and wildlife from wetland loss and development without proper vegetation, and 6) impacts to human health and natural resources.
The document discusses trophic relationships in various wetland ecosystems. It describes the producers and consumers in salt marshes, mangroves, freshwater marshes, peatlands, and southern deepwater swamps. Salt marsh producers include grasses and plants tolerant of salt. Consumers include insects, spiders, crabs, fish, birds, and mammals. Mangroves have high biomass due to tidal nutrients and support many filter feeders and detritivores as well as juvenile commercially important species. Freshwater marshes see reeds and grasses as producers and flies and birds as consumers. Peatlands are low productivity wetlands dominated by sphagnum moss and supporting carnivorous plants and migr
1. The document discusses various types of aquatic ecosystems including estuaries, mangrove swamps, coral reefs, rocky shores, sandy beaches, and barrier islands. It describes the key features and organisms found in each.
2. Coastal ecosystems like estuaries and mangrove swamps provide many important ecological services including habitat, nurseries for marine life, and protection from storms. They also have economic value through fisheries, recreation, and tourism.
3. Coral reefs have exceptionally high biodiversity but are very vulnerable to threats like bleaching from rising water temperatures, ocean acidification, pollution, and destructive fishing practices. Widespread damage to coral reefs could have serious ecological and economic
Northland's estuaries provide rich, productive environments. They are formed where freshwater rivers meet saltwater seas, creating areas where fresh and salt water mix. Estuaries support many interconnected plants and animals, and were important places for early Māori and European settlement. However, estuaries now face threats from pollution, development, and invasive species. The Northland Regional Council works to sustainably manage these fragile ecosystems.
Estuaries are partially enclosed coastal bodies of water where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean. They are highly productive environments that support many species of plants and animals adapted to the transition between fresh and salt water. Estuaries come in four types depending on their formation: coastal plain, tectonic, bar-built, and fjords. They provide important ecological, economic, and environmental benefits but are threatened by increasing development and pollution from coastal populations.
The document summarizes key aspects of estuaries, including their global distribution, types, biodiversity, and human impacts. Estuaries are found where rivers meet oceans, with notable examples including Chesapeake Bay and the Amazon River. They contain salt marshes or mangroves and experience fluctuating salinity levels from tides, seasons, and rainfall. Estuaries support abundant life and are heavily populated areas, but have been degraded by industrialization through dumping, development, and destruction of habitats.
Estuaries are ecosystems where freshwater from rivers meets saltwater from the sea. They are highly productive habitats that support a great diversity of wildlife, serving as nurseries for many fish and breeding grounds for birds. Over time, estuaries fill with sediment from rivers and tides, eventually transforming into dry land. They provide food and shelter for many species of fish, birds, shellfish, and mammals.
1. An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean.
2. Estuaries contain many habitat types, including marshes, mangroves, beaches, and seagrasses, and provide nurseries for many marine species.
3. They are economically and ecologically important, providing habitats for wildlife, fisheries resources, filtration of pollutants, and protection from floods and storms.
Marshes are located near bodies of water and provide many benefits. They are distinguished by grasses, reeds, and sedges rather than large trees. Marshes help control floods, purify water, and are home to many species of amphibians, birds, and mammals. Common plant life includes sedges, sphagnum moss, grasses, and cattails. Soil is dredged from shipping channels and spread over marsh areas to help rebuild them.
Wetlands provide important ecosystem services but face many threats. On-site threats include draining wetlands for agriculture, dumping waste, and pollution from nearby activities. Off-site threats involve upstream deforestation, dams altering water flows, and pollution from distant sources. A key threat is conversion to aquaculture through draining or filling wetlands. Wetlands are drained and filled to make way for shrimp or fish farms, eliminating natural habitat.
Chilika Lake is located on India's east coast between the states of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. It supports extensive biodiversity, including 225 fish species, 158 bird species that use the lake as a migratory stopover, and the endangered Irrawaddy dolphin. However, the lake has faced threats from siltation, loss of habitat, and unsustainable aquaculture practices that have degraded the ecosystem and biodiversity. Conservation efforts include designating the lake as a Ramsar wetland of international importance and establishing the Chilika Development Authority to restore the lake and protect species.
interactions among living things in estuary Gabriel Mavis
The document discusses the various living and non-living components of an estuary ecosystem, including organisms like plankton, oysters, mangroves and abiotic factors such as waves, salinity, temperature and soil types. It describes the interactions between these biotic and abiotic elements and how they form complex food webs and habitats within estuaries, which are dynamic coastal environments influenced by both land and sea processes.
This document provides information about the various plants and animals commonly found in estuarine wetlands. It describes several types of plants that thrive in the estuarine environment, such as cordgrass, mangroves, glasswort, and salt-tolerant grasses. It also discusses animals that live or feed in estuaries, including muskrats, worms, shellfish, crabs, fish, birds, and whitebait that spawn in upper estuaries. The estuary provides an important habitat for a diverse ecosystem.
Estuaries are transitional zones where rivers meet the sea. They are characterized by varying salinity levels due to mixing of fresh and salt water. Estuaries contain diverse habitats and are among the most productive ecosystems. They provide many resources including fisheries, tourism, transportation and cultural values. However, estuaries face threats such as land reclamation, pollution, overfishing and natural hazards. Protecting these fragile ecosystems and their services is important for both environmental and economic reasons.
The document discusses different types of wetland ecosystems, including marine/saltwater wetlands and freshwater wetlands. It describes key characteristics of different wetland types such as marshes, swamps, and bogs, including dominant vegetation, hydrology, and examples from locations in Delaware and Maine. The document also briefly discusses mangrove forests and questions to consider about the importance of wetlands.
Wetlands-classification, Intertidal zone-study in flora and FaunaMegha Majoe
Wetlands are diverse ecosystems that provide many benefits but are under threat. They include marshes, mangroves, and other areas that are periodically flooded. Mangroves in particular stabilize coastlines, provide habitat for fish and crustaceans, and sequester large amounts of carbon. However, mangroves have been cleared for development and degraded by pollution, with losses occurring three to four times faster than inland forests. To help protect these important ecosystems, further destruction of remaining wetlands must be prevented.
The document provides an overview of ecology, focusing on marine benthic environments and zonation of coral reefs. It defines key ecological terms like organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. It then describes the different zones of the marine benthic environment, including the littoral, sublittoral, bathyl, abyssal, and hadal zones. Finally, it discusses coral reefs, including the symbiotic relationship between corals and algae, types of corals, conditions required for coral reef growth, zonation patterns in coral reefs, and various human impacts.
This document summarizes freshwater and marine ecosystems. It discusses the key features and threats to various ecosystems, including lakes/ponds, wetlands, rivers, estuaries, coral reefs, the ocean, and polar regions. The main types of freshwater ecosystems described are lakes/ponds, which have littoral, open water, and benthic zones, and wetlands like marshes and swamps. Threats to these ecosystems include pollution from industry, agriculture, and development. Marine ecosystems discussed include estuaries where fresh and saltwater mix, coral reefs built by polyps in warm tropical seas, the ocean with its depths lacking light, and polar regions relying on phytoplankton
Estuaries are transitional zones where freshwater from rivers meets saltwater from the ocean. They are highly productive ecosystems that support a wide variety of life. Many estuaries were formed when sea levels rose after the last ice age and flooded river valleys. Estuaries vary in type and size but all experience fluctuations in salinity from the mixing of fresh and salt water. Organisms living in estuaries have adapted strategies for coping with changing salinity levels. Common estuarine communities include open water, mudflats, salt marshes, and mangrove forests. However, many estuaries are being degraded or destroyed by human activities like dredging, filling, and pollution.
Estuaries are transitional zones where freshwater from rivers meets saltwater from the ocean. They are highly productive ecosystems that support a wide variety of life. Many estuaries were formed when sea levels rose after the last ice age, flooding river valleys. Organisms living in estuaries must cope with fluctuating salinity levels. Estuaries contain several distinct communities including open water, mudflats, salt marshes, and mangrove forests. However, human activities like dredging and development have damaged many estuaries globally.
Freshwater ecosystems include lakes, ponds, rivers and streams. Lakes are large bodies of freshwater surrounded by land, while ponds are smaller. Lake Baikal contains about one fifth of the world's freshwater. Rivers and streams are moving bodies of freshwater that originate in mountains and flow into oceans. Plants in freshwater ecosystems provide oxygen through photosynthesis and food for animals. Many animals live in freshwater ecosystems, with some adapted to fast moving waters and others to still waters. People rely on freshwater ecosystems for drinking water, energy, transportation, recreation and jobs like fishing.
Life in the ocean sahu81862@gmail.com Ashish sahuAshish sahu
Marine life, or sea life or ocean life, is the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries. At a fundamental level, marine life affects the nature of the planet. Marine organisms produce oxygen and sequester carbon.
The document discusses coral reef biodiversity and the Great Barrier Reef. It describes the Great Barrier Reef as a collection of over 3000 coral reefs off Australia's coast, forming one of the natural wonders of the world. It is home to thousands of species and provides food and jobs to the local economy. However, the reef is threatened by pollution, coastal development, ship traffic, and climate change, which have already damaged and killed parts of the reef. The reef ecosystem is highly complex, with coral polyps, fish, sharks, rays, and other species interacting as producers, grazers, predators, and through symbiotic relationships.
The document discusses coral reef biodiversity and the Great Barrier Reef. It describes the Great Barrier Reef as a collection of over 3000 coral reefs off Australia's coast, forming one of the natural wonders of the world. It is home to thousands of species and provides food and jobs to the local economy. However, the reef is threatened by pollution, coastal development, ship traffic, and climate change, which have already damaged and killed parts of the reef. The reef ecosystem is highly complex, with coral polyps, fish, sharks, rays, and other species interacting as producers, grazers, predators, and through symbiotic relationships.
There are several types of pond ecosystems, including garden ponds, salt ponds, fish ponds, ephemeral ponds, freshwater ponds, kettle ponds, and mountain ponds. Garden ponds are human-made and host ornamental plants and animals from around the world. Salt ponds contain salty water and form near coastlines. Fish ponds are also human-made and maintain various fish species. Ephemeral ponds only form during periods of heavy rainfall and support species like salamanders. Kettle ponds form in depressions left by retreating glaciers. Mountain ponds are located in mountainous areas and support rare species.
An estuary is an ecosystem where freshwater from rivers mixes with saltwater from the sea, forming brackish water. It contains various biotic factors like plants, animals, and microorganisms as well as abiotic factors like waves, salinity, temperature, sunlight, and soil type that affect living organisms. Estuaries include intertidal zones that are exposed during low tides and underwater during high tides, salt marshes flooded during high tides, and mud flats where mud is deposited.
An estuary is the area where a river meets the ocean, creating a mixture of saltwater and freshwater. Estuaries are home to thousands of plant and animal species that have adapted to the daily changes in salinity from the tides. They provide vital habitat and are a major source of the world's commercial fish and shellfish. Estuaries also act as safe havens from ocean storms and waves, and play an important economic role for many coastal cities and communities.
The Estuarine System consists of deepwater tidal habitats and adjacent tidal wetlands that are usually semienclosed by land but have open, partly obstructed, or sporadic access to the open ocean, and in which ocean water is at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land. The salinity may be periodically increased above that of the open ocean by evaporation. Along some low-energy coastlines there is appreciable dilution of sea water. Offshore areas with typical estuarine plants and animals, such as red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), are also included in the Estuarine System.
The document discusses several wild places in the United States that are important habitats worth protecting, including the Arctic, Bristol Bay in Alaska, the Chesapeake Bay, coastal Louisiana wetlands, the Everglades, the Great Lakes region, the Northern Forest, the Platte River valley, the prairie pothole region, Puget Sound, the Red Desert, and Yellowstone National Park. These areas support a rich diversity of wildlife and are ecologically, culturally, and economically significant.
Coral reefs are extremely valuable ecosystems that provide coastal protection, beach development, ecological benefits, and economic benefits. They are formed by tiny coral polyps that use carbon dioxide to form limestone structures in warm, shallow, clear waters. The main threats to coral reefs are pollution from sewage, agriculture, and solid waste which can cause algae overgrowth and sedimentation. Tourism activities like reef collection, boat anchoring, and trampling can also damage reefs. Destructive fishing practices involving cyanide, dynamite and bottom trawling further degrade reefs. Global warming poses an additional threat as corals are sensitive to small temperature increases.
The nearshore provides critical habitat for salmon and other marine species. It includes tidally influenced streams and rivers, shoreline bluffs, beaches, and shallow waters. In the nearshore, eelgrass beds provide refuge and food for young salmon, and forage fish lay their eggs on beaches and aquatic vegetation. Native riparian plants along the shoreline provide habitat and shade to protect forage fish eggs. The nearshore is where salmon undergo smoltification as they adapt between fresh and saltwater, relying on the rich food web and refuge from predators.
This document describes several types of marine ecosystems: estuaries, salt marshes, mangrove swamps, rocky shores, sandy shores, barrier islands, and coral reefs. Estuaries are transition areas where fresh water from rivers mixes with salt water from the ocean, creating very nutrient-rich environments that support a high diversity of plants like eelgrass and cordgrass, and animals including blue crabs, fish, birds, and mammals. Coral reefs are structures built by corals in warm, sunlit, shallow ocean waters that provide habitat for numerous species.
Coral reefs are the most biologically diverse marine ecosystems, providing habitat for approximately 25% of all ocean species despite occupying less than 1% of the ocean floor. Coral reefs are valuable both ecologically and economically, with their value estimated between $30-172 billion annually from tourism, fisheries, shoreline protection, and medicine. Coral reef ecosystems extend from coastal mangrove forests and seagrass beds, which stabilize shorelines, filter pollutants, and provide nurseries for coral reef organisms. The three types of coral reef formations are fringing reefs along the shore, barrier reefs separated from the shore by lagoons, and atolls surrounding deep central lagoons.
Freshwater biomes include rivers, ponds, lakes, streams and creeks. A variety of plants like lily pads, swamp milkweed and water lilies can be found in freshwater environments. Common animals found include otters, hippopotamus, pink river dolphins and freshwater jellyfish. Freshwater biomes support complex food webs and are under threat from human impacts like oil spills.
Marine Resources: Physical and biological resources, marine energyihn FreeStyle Corp.
Marine resources are physical and biological entities that are found in seas and oceans that are beneficial to man. They include fish, coral reefs and crabs, fungi, etc. A lot of conservation effort is required to protect these resources from human destruction activities like pollution and over fishing. Marine natural resources include both biological and physical sources. Biological sources include anything attributed to life forms whereas physical sources are considered to be those things that are not part of life processes. In a few instances some resources are both biological and physical. In considering the outlook of our oceans it is important to first identify the main natural resources and their status.
Marine ecosystems cover over 70% of the Earth's surface and are home to a diverse range of organisms. They include nearshore habitats like salt marshes and coral reefs as well as open ocean areas. Marine animals include whales, dolphins, seals, octopuses, starfish, and many others. The marine food web begins with phytoplankton and algae which are eaten by herbivores and then carnivores, with top predators at the apex. Humans impact marine ecosystems through fishing, pollution, and climate change. International efforts aim to conserve and sustainably use ocean resources.
World Wetlands Day is celebrated on February 2nd to raise awareness of wetlands and the Ramsar Convention. Wetlands are broadly defined and provide numerous benefits, including biodiversity, economic benefits, and ecological functions. However, wetlands face threats such as development, pollution, invasive species, and climate change. Two important Ramsar sites in Uzbekistan are described - the Aydar-Arnasay Lakes System, an important stopover for migratory birds, and Lake Dengizkul in Bukhara, also important for migratory birds in an arid region.
Earth and environmental science part 2 of 4 Kella Randolph
The document provides guidance for preparing for an Earth and Environmental Science final exam. It is part 2 of a 4 part series to help students study effectively for the final. The document likely contains tips, review questions, or practice problems to aid students in reviewing key course concepts in preparation for their final exam.
Earth and environmental science part 4 of 4Kella Randolph
This document provides a series of multiple choice questions about earth and environmental science topics that could be covered on a final exam. The questions cover topics like the effects of global warming, biodiversity, agriculture practices, population growth, waste management, and energy production. Accompanying each question is an image providing additional context or a visual representation of the topic. The document concludes by stating that preparation is more important than luck for exam success.
Earth and environmental science review part 3 of 4Kella Randolph
Excessive withdrawal of groundwater in coastal areas will most likely result in saltwater intrusion into the water table as freshwater is removed. Destroying marshes can lead to decreased filtering of water. Small farms raising large numbers of animals are a major source of air pollution. The brochure was focusing on the climate of North Carolina, as it described variations in summer conditions and large ranges in annual rainfall across the state.
Earth and environmental science part 2 of 4 1 (1)Kella Randolph
The document provides preparation information for an Earth and Environmental Science final exam. It is part 2 of a 4 part series to help students study for the final exam. The document likely contains sample questions, review topics, or test taking strategies to aid students in successfully completing the final exam for their Earth and Environmental Science course.
Earth and environmental science review part 3 of 4Kella Randolph
Excessive withdrawal of groundwater in coastal areas will most likely result in saltwater intrusion into the water table as freshwater is removed. Destroying marshes can lead to decreased filtering of water. Small farms raising large numbers of animals are a major source of air pollution. The brochure was focusing on the climate of North Carolina, as it described variations in summer conditions and large ranges in annual rainfall across the state.
Review for earth and environmental science final Kella Randolph
An increase in global temperatures would most likely influence global sea levels by causing sea levels to rise. Planting fewer types of corn in fields would make the corn crops more vulnerable to plant pathogens. Draining a wetland to develop a new park would have the most negative impact on biodiversity in a small region by destroying natural habitats.
Earth and environmental science review day one (1)Kella Randolph
The document provides information about various topics related to earth and environmental science in preparation for a final exam. It includes sections on constellations visible in different seasons, tides, the sun's energy reaching Earth, how Earth's rotation affects its shape, mountain formation at plate boundaries, volcano locations, soil composition, earthquake proof building, seafloor spreading, and fertilizer pollution of water sources. Diagrams, images, and videos are provided to illustrate key concepts.
The Berlin Conference of 1884 was convened to regulate colonial rivalries in Africa and negotiate spheres of influence, territories, and trade between the European powers. However, no African nations were invited to participate. The conference endorsed the Scramble for Africa by European powers and led to the partition of Africa among Germany, Britain, Portugal, Italy, Spain, and Belgium. This disrupted African societies and ultimately subjected people across the continent to colonial rule, exploitation, and atrocities like those committed by King Leopold II of Belgium in the Congo Free State.
Weather satellites and how to read the signsKella Randolph
The document provides information about weather terms, weather maps, and weather forecasting. It defines terms like air mass, air pressure, cold fronts, and warm fronts. It describes how weather data is collected using radars and satellites like GOES and POES. Weather forecasting uses data from these satellites as well as tools like the Beaufort scale. Forecasts are aided by understanding symbols on weather maps that represent phenomena like precipitation and high and low pressure systems.
This document provides information about planetary motion and orbital mechanics. It discusses how galaxies contain hundreds of billions of stars, and there are hundreds of billions of galaxies in the universe. It also describes how planets orbit the Sun, and how Kepler's laws of planetary motion established that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. Additionally, it discusses how the Moon orbits the Earth due to gravity, and how the tilt of the Earth on its axis causes the seasons.
Review of concepts of earth science including river delta, earthquakes, subduction, tsunami, volcanoes, two sunken cities, fossil fuels, clean energy, water use and protection, properties of water.
NASA has some information based on more than fifty years of research and exploration of the moon. Impact theory says that two planets collided billions of years ago causing parts of both to combine and form a smaller sphere that orbits the larger one.
Estuaries unique environment makes them a great place for humans and animals. Humans benefit from the beauty of estuaries and the food and resources they provide. Estuaries make great tourism attractions or harbors and ports
Koppen classification and land area characteristics [autosaved]Kella Randolph
What is the difference between weather and climate? Koppen Classification is a tool that helps us recognize the many different climates in biomes worldwide.
The earth is getting warmer due to the global warming. There are many climates all over the planet. Some areas of Earth have snow every day, and some are so dry they almost never have rain or snow
Turbidity refers to the cloudiness of water caused by suspended solids. It can be increased by erosion, urban and agricultural runoff, sediment mixing from water bottoms, and algal overgrowth from farm runoff. pH measures acidity in water and can change due to acid rain, stormwater, and agricultural runoff. Dissolved oxygen in water is important for fish and comes from water movement and photosynthesis but can decrease due to thermal pollution and eutrophication. The biotic index uses the types of organisms in water to measure quality, with more species indicating better quality. Biological oxygen demand measures how much oxygen bacteria need to break down organic pollutants in water.
Here are 3 ways we can reduce each effect:
Acid rain:
1. Use renewable energy sources like solar and wind instead of coal and oil
2. Drive fuel efficient vehicles
3. Practice energy conservation in our homes and businesses
Beach erosion:
1. Plant vegetation like sea oats and grasses to stabilize the sand
2. Limit vehicular access to beaches to reduce disruption of sand
3. Implement beach nourishment projects to replace lost sand
Water is constantly moving through the water cycle on Earth. It falls as precipitation, runs across the surface as runoff, collects in surface water bodies or infiltrates underground as groundwater. Water evaporates from plant leaves, soil, and surface water before condensing in the atmosphere and falling again as precipitation, continuing the cycle. Most water on Earth is salty ocean water, while freshwater is found in the atmosphere, on land and underground. Humans rely on and impact the water cycle through activities like agriculture, industry, and domestic use. Conservation efforts can help reduce human water usage.
Burning coal makes ozone, smog, acid rain, climate change, mercury pollution
Oil spills damage all living things
Natural gas is poisonous and is colorless, odorless and tasteless. We must add a bad smell to it in order to prevent being killed by a gas leak
Slide Presentation from a Doctoral Virtual Open House presented on June 30, 2024 by staff and faculty of Capitol Technology University
Covers degrees offered, program details, tuition, financial aid and the application process.
How to Install Theme in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
With Odoo, we can select from a wide selection of attractive themes. Many excellent ones are free to use, while some require payment. Putting an Odoo theme in the Odoo module directory on our server, downloading the theme, and then installing it is a simple process.
Split Shifts From Gantt View in the Odoo 17Celine George
Odoo allows users to split long shifts into multiple segments directly from the Gantt view.Each segment retains details of the original shift, such as employee assignment, start time, end time, and specific tasks or descriptions.
How to Store Data on the Odoo 17 WebsiteCeline George
Here we are going to discuss how to store data in Odoo 17 Website.
It includes defining a model with few fields in it. Add demo data into the model using data directory. Also using a controller, pass the values into the template while rendering it and display the values in the website.
(T.L.E.) Agriculture: Essentials of GardeningMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏.𝟎)-𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐬
Lesson Outcome:
-Students will understand the basics of gardening, including the importance of soil, water, and sunlight for plant growth. They will learn to identify and use essential gardening tools, plant seeds, and seedlings properly, and manage common garden pests using eco-friendly methods.
Join educators from the US and worldwide at this year’s conference, themed “Strategies for Proficiency & Acquisition,” to learn from top experts in world language teaching.
Ardra Nakshatra (आर्द्रा): Understanding its Effects and RemediesAstro Pathshala
Ardra Nakshatra, the sixth Nakshatra in Vedic astrology, spans from 6°40' to 20° in the Gemini zodiac sign. Governed by Rahu, the north lunar node, Ardra translates to "the moist one" or "the star of sorrow." Symbolized by a teardrop, it represents the transformational power of storms, bringing both destruction and renewal.
About Astro Pathshala
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For more information about their courses and consultations, visit Astro Pathshala.
Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC)- Concept, Features, Elements, Role of advertising in IMC
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The membership Module in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
Some business organizations give membership to their customers to ensure the long term relationship with those customers. If the customer is a member of the business then they get special offers and other benefits. The membership module in odoo 17 is helpful to manage everything related to the membership of multiple customers.
Beginner's Guide to Bypassing Falco Container Runtime Security in Kubernetes ...anjaliinfosec
This presentation, crafted for the Kubernetes Village at BSides Bangalore 2024, delves into the essentials of bypassing Falco, a leading container runtime security solution in Kubernetes. Tailored for beginners, it covers fundamental concepts, practical techniques, and real-world examples to help you understand and navigate Falco's security mechanisms effectively. Ideal for developers, security professionals, and tech enthusiasts eager to enhance their expertise in Kubernetes security and container runtime defenses.
How to Configure Time Off Types in Odoo 17Celine George
Now we can take look into how to configure time off types in odoo 17 through this slide. Time-off types are used to grant or request different types of leave. Only then the authorities will have a clear view or a clear understanding of what kind of leave the employee is taking.
Views in Odoo - Advanced Views - Pivot View in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, the pivot view is a graphical representation of data that allows users to analyze and summarize large datasets quickly. It's a powerful tool for generating insights from your business data.
The pivot view in Odoo is a valuable tool for analyzing and summarizing large datasets, helping you gain insights into your business operations.
2. • Location
• Importance
• Plant life
• Animal life
• Rivers, streams and other waterways that feed into the sound
• Threats to the Croatan Sound estuary
Croatan Sound Estuary
3. • Croatan National Forest is the only one of the four national forests
found in North Carolina to be located along the eastern coast rather
than in the western mountains. It also has the distinction of being
the only true coastal forest east of the Mississippi. Croatan National
Forest protects nearly 160,000 acres of pine forests, saltwater
estuaries, bogs and pocosins; in particular, the pocosin ecosystems
– essentially raised swamplands – are unique geological features of
this forest. Bordered on the north by the Neuse River, on the south
by Bogue Sound, and on the west by the White Oak River, it is not
surprising that activities many activities are water related: swimming,
canoeing, boating, and fishing. 43 miles of trails offer opportunities
for hiking and nature walks, however, and there are three
campgrounds. http://www.nchistorichundred.com/home-geographic-regions/region-three-southeast-coastal-plain/carteret/
Croatan National Forest
4. The Croatan Sound is one of the smaller
sounds on the Outer Banks of North
Carolina. It connects Pamlico Sound with
Albemarle Sound and is bordered on the
east by Roanoke Island. Roanoke Sound
is on the other side of the island. Two
bridges cross Croatan Sound, the
Umstead Bridge and the Virginia Dare
Memorial Bridge which carries U. S.
route 64. www.usends.com
Location of the
Croatan Sound
Estuary
https://images.app.goo.gl/Zk71vPuWmZ24zC517
https://images.app.goo.gl/
P63R66X8Tx5NKzrp7
5. • Estuaries come in all shapes and sizes and go by many
different names, often known as bays, lagoons, harbors,
inlets, or sounds. (Note not all water bodies by those
names are necessarily estuaries. The defining feature of
an estuary is the mixing of fresh and salt water, not the
name.)
http://thewildclassroom.com/biomes/estuaries.html
An estuary is a partially enclosed body of
water formed where freshwater from
rivers and streams flows into the ocean,
mixing with the salty sea water. Estuaries
and the lands surrounding them are
places of transition from land to sea, and
from fresh to salt water. Although
influenced by the tides, estuaries are
protected from the full force of ocean
waves, winds, and storms by the reefs,
barrier islands, or fingers of land, mud, or
sand that define an estuary's seaward
boundary.
What is an estuary?
6. • The tidal, sheltered waters of estuaries support unique
communities of plants and animals, specially adapted for
life at the margin of the sea. Estuarine environments are
among the most productive on earth, creating more
organic matter each year than comparably-sized areas
of forest, grassland, or agricultural land. Many different
habitat types are found in and around estuaries,
including shallow open waters, freshwater and salt
marshes, sandy beaches, mud and sand flats, rocky
shores, oyster reefs, mangrove forests, river deltas, tidal
pools, sea grass and kelp beds, and wooded swamps.
• The productivity and variety of estuarine habitats foster a
wonderful abundance and diversity of wildlife. Shore
birds, fish, crabs and lobsters, marine mammals, clams
and other shellfish, marine worms, sea birds, and
reptiles are just some of the animals that make their
homes in and around estuaries. These animals are
linked to one another and to an assortment of
specialized plants and microscopic organisms through
complex food webs and other interactions.
http://thewildclassroom.com/biomes/estuaries.html
http://vidaecorganica.blogspot.com/2011/02/los-
humedales-costeros-cuencas.html
Estuaries are places where rivers
meet the sea. They are fascinating
and beautiful ecosystems distinct
from all other places on earth.
7. Importance of
the Croatan
Sound Estuary
The Croatan National Forest's 160,000 acres have pine
forests, saltwater estuaries, bogs and raised swamps called
pocosins. Bordered on three sides by tidal rivers and the
Bogue Sound, the forest is defined by water.
All this water provides a variety of recreation and diversity
of wildlife- from deer, black bears and turkeys to wading
birds, ospreys and alligators. Canoeing and fishing are
popular on blackwater creeks and saltwater marshes. The
Croatan is also home to the carnivorous Venus fly-trap,
sunder and pitcherplant.
The Croatan National Forest has one Ranger District, the
Croatan Ranger District. Please contact the District for
more information. http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/nfsnc/recarea/?recid=48466
8. • Estuaries are a type of environmental filter as plants and
animals in estuaries filter pollutants out of the water. Particles in
the water are either removed by chemical processes (aerobic
respiration, sulfate reduction, methanogenesis) or by the
feeding of estuarine animals and bacteria. For instance, salt
marsh plants trap some of the chemicals and pathogens carried
by rivers and move them into soils where they can be
neutralized. Oysters filter impurities out of water as they eat,
collecting the contaminants in their bodies. One oyster can filter
twenty-five gallons of water per day. Bacteria eat organic matter
found in the sediment and in turn release carbon dioxide,
hydrogen sulfate and methane into the atmosphere preventing
these gases from being excessively stored up in the estuary.
However, toxins can accumulate in estuaries causing many
environmental and health problems. http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/544?ref=search
9. Spotted sea trout, red drum fish, and pink shrimp spend their early lives among the
underwater plants, and predators such as flounder and rays hunt there. Bay scallops attach
to the blades of plants. Spots, croakers, mullets, and sturgeon feed on algae and tiny
animals on the soft floor of the estuary. Flounder, shrimp, and kingfish hatch there, and
clams and worms burrow into the mud and sand.
Migratory birds, including tundra swans, sea ducks, and snow geese, winter along the
estuary. Egrets and herons fish in the salt marshes. Loggerhead sea turtles hatch on the
beach and head out to Pamlico Sound to feed. http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/544?ref=search
Many birds and animals in danger of extinction depend on North Carolina’s estuaries.
10. Plants of the Croatan Sound Estuary
https://images.app.goo.gl/TRUJxNsMeahAjoGb8
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/common
s/thumb/7/7f/Patsy_pond_croatan_nf.jpg/284px-
Patsy_pond_croatan_nf.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Sundew_i
n_croatan_national_forest.jpg/1280px-
Sundew_in_croatan_national_forest.jpg
11. Spike grass is a short grass species that grows near and around marshland. It is the most common type of grass along the
shoreline of estuaries. Cordgrass can often be found in areas of low elevation in the marsh. The flowering stalks resemble wheat
and are arranged along one side of the stalk. http://excitingfacts.weebly.com/estuary-plants.html
Sea lavender plants are farthest away from the water in
estuary biomes.
Purple
loosestrife lives
in marshland
and near the
shoreline.
https://images.app.goo.gl/djQHA
uYtkNhvaehP8
https://images.app.goo.gl/5mcK7QXosoHNfzsT7
12. • Two rare sea turtle species come ashore to lay eggs on ocean beaches of the Pasquotank River Basin:
loggerhead and green turtles, which are both federally listed as threatened species. The Kemp’s Ridley
sea turtle, which is federally listed as endangered, is occasionally seen in sounds. The federally
endangered hawksbill and leatherback sea turtles are rare visitors to the sounds. The West Indian
manatee can be seen occasionally in North Carolina’s inlets, estuaries and rivers between June and
October. Manatees’ tendency to rest near the surface of the water makes them vulnerable to boat
propellers. http://www.eenorthcarolina.org/Documents/RiverBasin_pdfs/final_web_pasquotank.pdf
Animals of the Croatan Sound Estuary
https://images.app.goo.gl/y
XXgNyepUjRyV6BQA https://images.app.goo.gl/YMEfwPo
o5TETxdyy5
https://images.app.goo.gl/UWzmv5KabsuWsmUy
6
13. Left to right: black bear, deer, raccoon, alligator, white egret, blue heron,
osprey, and wild turkey.
Photos courtesy of Flickr, Wikipedia and Creative Commons.
https://encrypted-
tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcS
r6lMbF47lRKdSwk08lR0wfs-
sp2rwKDDgFH_Vm7mlzVflyjEE
https://farm3.staticflickr.com
/2573/3683114429_6f842b
aa25_z.jpg
https://62e528761d0685343e1c-
f3d1b99a743ffa4142d9d7f1978d9686.
ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/files/86329/area1
4mp/image-20150624-31510-
e6f3rb.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c
ommons/a/a5/American_Alligator.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/common
s/thumb/8/80/Egretta_garzetta_-
_Sydney_Olympic_Park.jpg/1200px-
Egretta_garzetta_-_Sydney_Olympic_Park.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
b/be/Ardea_herodias%2C_Coleman_Beach_-
_by_Mike_Baird_%28cropped%29.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-
VV9geuTbV5o/WEJZVApojqI/AAAAAAAALs4/1y8qI_40z
Gg3yFpBI-
UNFGknM0mXwSrbgCEw/s1600/ospreyimm1400LM5A7
722.JPG
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9-
dXHyNPGIM/UnA133WhpvI/AAAAAA
AAA_g/OtOAL6B-
TJY/s1600/TurkeyFlock.jpg
14. Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV)
and animal life below the surface
https://images.app.goo.gl/35W
X4HroaZK1mDtD7
https://images.app.goo.gl/cYkTnrh5C1T1zmd48
https://images.app.goo.gl/Cv22T14gnYau4JiYA
15. • Atlantic Ocean
• Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway
• Currituck Sound
• Albemarle Sound
• Croatan Sound
• Roanoke Sound
• Oregon Inlet
• Pamlico Sound
• Hatteras Inlet
• Onslow Bay
• Raleigh Bay
• Ocracoke Inlet
• Core Sound
• Drum Inlet
• Barden Inlet
• Back Sound
• New Inlet
• Isabel Inlet
• Map courtesy of Flickr
Rivers, streams and waterways of the
Croatan Sound Estuary
https://images.app.goo.gl/XD7bhc6Sx9UGJtmP6
16. • Excessive Nutrients
• Nutrients are substances which help plants and animals grow. Two nutrients,
nitrogen and phosphorous, are present in plant fertilizer and wastes from animals
and people. Rain can wash fertilizer from lawns and fields into streams and the
Sounds. This type of pollution is called "nonpoint source" since it does not come
from a single point, but it is from water running off a large land area. Sewage
treatment plants and leaky septic systems can also add nutrients to the water.
When pollution comes from a single point, such as an outfall pipe, it is called
"point source" pollution.
• When too many nutrients get into the water, they disturb the natural balance by
allowing too much algae (microscopic plants) to grow. The algae cloud the water
and block vital sunlight to underwater plants (submerged aquatic vegetation or
SAV). When the algae die and decay, they use up much of the oxygen needed by
fish and shellfish, often killing them. https://www.fws.gov/nc-
es/edout/albewhatwrong.html
Threats to the Croatan Sound Estuary
17. • Toxics are chemicals that can cause cancer (carcinogens) or other harmful
effects. Their effects can be immediate such as a poison, or occur very
slowly such as with cancer. Streams and rivers are very effective at hiding
the effects of poisons. Often the fish that are killed are not seen. They may
be small and hard to see or eaten by turtles, snakes, crabs, or other
scavengers. Modern pesticides (i.e., chemicals used to kill animals,
insects, or plants) used on lawns and fields are very poisonous but,
fortunately, they break down much more quickly than older pesticides such
as DDT. Because these modem pesticides are toxic they should not be
used near rivers or streams or along roads with storm drains which lead to
a stream. Cancer-causing substances enter our rivers from municipal
sewage treatment plants or industrial discharges and sometimes from
nonpoint source discharges. Although we are usually exposed to low
concentrations of carcinogens, there are thousands of cancer-causing
agents. The cumulative effects of these agents is not fully understood.
https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/edout/albewhatwrong.html
Toxic Materials
18. • Every time it rains around the Albemarle-Pamlico watershed, water
erodes the land. The precious soil which washes away into streams
is called sediment. Sediments are carried downstream and may
eventually enter the Sounds, where they settle out of the water and
cover the bottom.
• Sediments can harm Sound life in several ways. Sediment particles
pick up toxic materials on their surface and concentrate them on the
bottom of the Sound. Floating or suspended sediment clouds the
water, cutting off light to SAV. Excess sediment smothers clams,
oysters, and other bottom dwellers.
• https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/edout/albewhatwrong.html
Erosion and Sedimentation
19. • An animal s habitat is its home. Habitat provides shelter, food, water,
and space. As more and more people come to live and work around
the Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds, more and more habitat is being
lost. Some animals, such as squirrels, can adapt to these changes
and learn to coexist with humans. But many others, such as black
bears, bald eagles, and black ducks, do not adapt well to change.
Habitat damage and loss can decrease a population of plants or
animals or even cause extinction.
• Wetlands, one of the most important types of habitat, are threatened
all around the Albemarle-Pamlico watershed. They are filled in for
development, drained for agriculture, or dredged for marinas.
Pollution has degraded water quality in the Sounds and their rivers,
resulting in declines of important SAV and scallops.
• https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/edout/albewhatwrong.html
Habitat Loss
20. • City Sewage Treatment Plants:
Due to an increase in population, many sewage treatment
plants receive more wastewater than they have been designed
to handle. Often this leads to discharge of poorly treated
sewage into our rivers and streams.
• Industry:
Treating wastewater to the extent that it does not harm the
environment takes a special effort. Certain industries do
excellent jobs of cleaning their wastewater, but others do not.
Since industries release tens of millions of gallons of
wastewater into our rivers every day, proper treatment is
essential.
What creates these problems?
21. • Agriculture and Forestry:
Farms and forestry operations that allow sediment or pesticides to enter our rivers and
streams, or that infringe upon wetlands, damage our estuary.
• Development:
Runoff during construction and from parking lots should be controlled to prevent erosion.
Wetland areas should be preserved; they do not make good locations for homes and
shopping
centers.
• Consumers:
Most environmental problems are ultimately caused by the consumer. Industry and business
must make a profit to provide jobs. We, as individuals, can help by doing our share. We can
buy environmentally sound products such as brown paper; do without immaculate lawns
which require fertilizers and pesticides; and do not waste water.
• https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/edout/albewhatwrong.html
22. • The Sounds depend on us for life just as we depend on the
Sounds. Therefore, it is extremely important that we
exercise great care with our actions. We must become
responsible citizen caretakers of the Croatan watershed in
order to restore and preserve our natural neighborhood.
How Can I help?
23. • Conserve water. Take short showers; run dish and clothes washers only when full; and place a
plastic bottle in the toilet tank to reduce the amount of water flushed.
•Make certain your septic system is working well and is not overflowing.
•Use household chemicals and pesticides carefully. Choose the least toxic material, and buy only what
you need. Follow instructions, and dispose of leftovers carefully.
•Plant vegetation along streams to prevent soil erosion and to absorb excess nutrients from fertilizers.
• Recycle used oil, paper, aluminum cans, and glass.
• Use a sewage pump-out station on land to empty boat toilets.
• Observe posted boat speed limits. Large wakes from boats can erode shorelines and banks.
• Clean up debris and trash from a local stream to improve stream flow and water quality.
https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/edout/albewhatwrong.html
Here’s how I can help.