Introduction to Policy Evaluation

This document outlines the public policy formulation process. It begins with defining key concepts like policy and public policy. The public policy formulation process has four phases - initiation, generation, implementation, and evaluation. The initiation phase involves agenda-setting, identifying policy issues, and stakeholder engagement. The generation phase is when policies are formulated and drafted. Implementation involves enacting the policies. Evaluation is monitoring and assessing the policies. The document provides details on steps like policy analysis and stakeholder consultation that are part of the initiation and generation phases of the public policy formulation process.

This document provides an overview of policy analysis, outlining several key points: - It defines policy analysis and describes it as a process used to determine what a policy will or has achieved. Approaches include descriptive analysis of existing policies and prescriptive analysis to formulate new policies. - The importance of policy analysis is highlighted, such as assessing situations, seeking acceptance, providing opportunities for modification, and facilitating evidence-based decision making. - Several models of policy analysis are described, including process, substantive, eightfold path, logical-positivist, and participatory policy analysis. - The use of indicators and outcomes to evaluate policies is discussed, noting they can measure results at the population, agency

Defines the policy,lists the main features of a policy , the step by step process of policy formulation and implementation,describes the criteria to judge the efficacy and chances of success of policy and lastly the weaknesses of policy formulation in a developing country like Pakistan

This document discusses the policy making process. It begins by defining what a policy is, including that it guides decision making and translates vision into action. It then outlines the major steps in policy making - defining the policy issue, developing potential policy options to address it, and making a decision on the best option to implement. It emphasizes that the process should be informed by facts, include input from stakeholders, and involve public debate on alternatives. The goal is to select a policy that benefits the public while respecting individual rights.

- Public policy can be defined as "anything a government chooses to do or not to do" according to Thomas Dye. This definition emphasizes that governments are the primary actors in public policy and their decisions, whether to act or not act, constitute public policy. - Governments are uniquely able to make authoritative decisions on behalf of citizens, backed by legislation. Public policy also involves a series of interrelated decisions made across government to address problems. - Studying public policy allows us to scientifically understand the causes and consequences of policies, help solve practical problems, and make policy recommendations. It also allows us to learn what governments are doing in key areas, the causes of their decisions, and the impacts of their policies

The document discusses policy implementation, which involves carrying out the activities designed by the legislative branch to achieve its policy goals. This includes establishing and staffing new agencies or assigning new responsibilities to existing agencies. The implementing agencies then translate the legislative intent into operational rules and guidelines, and coordinate resources and personnel to achieve the intended goals.

The presentation will try to provide a framework for thinking about policy analysis and a discussion on the process for conducting policy analysis.

The lecture discusses the first stage of the policy process - problem delimitation and recognition. It defines what constitutes a problem, social problem, and policy problem. A social problem becomes a policy problem if it can be addressed through public policy. Problem delimitation in public policy involves structuring and specifying issues to help define the scope of potential solutions. Different problems have varying levels of agreement on values/knowledge, from well-structured to unstructured. The theory of agenda setting explains how issues rise on the agendas of public, policymakers and government. The stage model of the policy cycle is used to analyze the process, though it has limitations as policymaking is complex and non-linear.

This document defines public policy and discusses its key subfields. Public policy is defined as a government's actions or inactions in response to public problems. There is no single agreed-upon definition, but generally it refers to the choices governments make and the outcomes of those decisions, backed by state authority. The main subfields of public policy are policy analysis, policy evaluation, and policy process. Policy analysis focuses on determining the best policy options, policy evaluation examines the consequences of policies, and policy process studies how and why policies are made.

The document discusses the process of public policy. It defines policy and differentiates it from procedures and guidelines. It then outlines the key steps in the public policy process: problem identification, agenda setting, policy making, budgeting, implementation, and evaluation. It notes that key actors in agenda setting include think tanks, interest groups, media, and government officials. The document also discusses who the main players are in making economic policies, noting the roles of the prime minister, donor community, various ministries and constituencies. It provides guidelines for changing policies, emphasizing preparation, planning, personal contact, understanding community perspectives, positivism, participation, publicity, and persistence.

The document outlines the key stages of the policy making process: 1) Issue identification where problems are publicized and gain government attention 2) Agenda setting where the government begins serious consideration of issues 3) Policy formulation where various alternatives are developed and considered 4) Policy adoption where policies are legitimized through official government statements and actions 5) Policy implementation which involves all activities that result from officially adopting a policy.

- Public policy is defined as actions or decisions by government to address public issues through laws, regulations, or programs. - Three main approaches to analyzing public policy are empirical, which examines facts and impacts; valuative, which determines the worth of policies; and normative, which recommends courses of action. - Key theories for studying public policy include political systems theory, which views policy as responses to demands on government; group theory, which sees policy as outcomes of group competition and influence; and elite theory, which posits that elites set the policy agenda to serve their own interests.

This document provides an overview of public policy definitions, approaches, and processes. It begins by defining public policy as systems of laws, regulations, and actions by governmental entities to address public issues. The traditional views of public policy are discussed, including definitions that focus on the dichotomy between politics and administration. The document then examines several models of public policy analysis, including the institutional, process, group, elite, rational, incremental, game theory, public choice, and systems models. It discusses the importance of models in creating order, simplifying complexity, and identifying key elements in the policy process like institutions, stakeholders, formulation, and evaluation.

POLICY MAKING PROCESS Policy • a statement of intent for achieving an objective. • Deliberate statement aimed at achieving specific objective • policies are formulated by the Government in order to provide a guideline in attaining certain objectives for the benefit of the people. • Importance and objective of any policy • to solve existing challenges/problems in any society • used as a tool to safeguard and ensure better services to members of the society. • Reasons for formulating a Policy • Reforms (socio-economic, technological advancements, etc) within and outside the country.

The document discusses different models of policy making and concepts of power in policy making. It describes four models: 1) The rational model which aims to make the best decision by defining problems, establishing goals, generating alternatives, and selecting the best option. 2) The bounded rationality model which aims for a satisfactory decision by analyzing problems and establishing criteria for acceptable solutions. 3) The incremental model which involves successive limited comparisons and trial-and-error adjustments. 4) The mixed scanning model which combines bounded rationality and incrementalism, using broad goals to guide incremental decisions. The document also discusses three dimensions of power: decision making power, agenda-setting power, and thought control power. It outlines three sources

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This document provides an overview of public policy analysis. It discusses definitions of public policy, typologies of public policy, why governments intervene in markets, models of the policy process, and approaches to policy analysis. The key points are: 1) Public policy is defined in various ways but generally refers to courses of action by governments to address issues of public concern. 2) Public policy can be categorized in typologies such as patronage/promotional, regulatory, and redistributive policies. 3) Governments intervene in markets when societies desire certain goods like healthcare but the free market does not adequately provide them, or when markets fail due to issues like externalities, information problems, or barriers to entry.

The document discusses India's economic policies, including fiscal policy, monetary policy, foreign exchange policy, and foreign investment policy. It provides an overview of the objectives and instruments of each policy area. Fiscal policy aims to achieve desirable price levels, employment, income distribution, and capital formation through public expenditure and taxation. Monetary policy operates through money supply, interest rates, and credit availability to influence spending and prices. Foreign exchange policy moved from control to management with the introduction of the Foreign Exchange Management Act in 1999. Foreign investment policy aims to attract long-term foreign direct investment and allows foreign investors to establish wholly owned subsidiaries in most sectors.

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Finance Minister Arun Jaitley presented the Union Budget for 2016-17 and reaffirmed that the economy is on the right track. The budget is aimed at strengthening India's firewalls by ensuring macroeconomic stability and prudent fiscal management; driving growth through domestic demand; and economic reforms and policy initiatives to change lives for the better. With measured focus on social sector reforms and recapitalising India's banking system, this Budget has an overarching focus on improving agriculture, and scaling infrastructure, all of which bode well for the country. The government is now planning to rationalise and channel subsidies to the poor by increasing the burden on the rich, and by increasing spending on public welfare through its own kitty. Mr. Jaitley said the Union Budget is aimed at improving rural infrastructure and increasing rural income, as the biggest challenge to the economy is agrarian distress. Applauding the budget presented by the Finance Minister, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said the Budget is pro-village, pro-poor and pro–farmers, and is focused on bringing about qualitative changes in the country through a slew of time-bound programmes. The attached note captures key highlights and summarises major announcements in the Budget. Please reach out to us should you wish to understand more about the Union Budget and its impact on your business

Contact: AJSH & Co. Chartered Accountants (New Delhi, India) The Modi government took charge at the Centre with a promise to bring about many changes in terms of governance. This created a wave of excitement among the people. The Narendra Modi government has put together an elaborate economic reforms package in sync with the party’s election manifesto. A "king among kings" is how Anil Ambani, one of India's leading industrialists, described Narendra Modi in January last year, long before the latter entered the race to become the country's next prime minister. After winning the Indian election comprehensively, the business community here is waiting with its arms wide open to embrace Mr Modi. They hope he will be their saviour at a time when the economic growth rate is flagging, investments are dwindling and consumer demand is dropping.

The document provides an overview of strategic factors for firms considering investment in India. It analyzes the country environment including strong economic growth, large consumer market, and improving infrastructure. Government policy aims to increase foreign investment and competition. Local competitors have innovative low-cost products and access to rural consumers. The resources, capabilities, and objectives of multinational companies are also discussed, as well as key strategic choices around greenfield investment, acquisitions, and partnerships.

Union Budget 2015-16, Economic Survey Highlights, Boon or Bane for Indian Business, Critical Evaluation, Request for New Generations

This document provides an overview of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) that is being implemented in India, including the current state of indirect taxes, how GST will work, and Oracle's approach and roadmap. It discusses the key concepts of GST, including how it will replace existing taxes and function as a single, destination-based tax across India. The document also outlines some of the opportunities for Oracle in areas like GST roadmaps, advisory services, developing custom reporting/settlement solutions, and building capabilities around GST processes and configuration.

The document discusses different classifications of public expenditures. It outlines Mrs. Hicks' classification which separates expenditures into defense, civil, and development. Defense expenditure includes costs for defense equipment and wages for armed, navy, and air forces. Civil expenditure maintains law and order and administration of justice. Development expenditure promotes growth in agriculture, industry, trade, transport, and communication.

This document discusses the process of public policy formulation. It defines public policy as plans or actions undertaken by government to achieve broad goals affecting citizens. The policy process is described as cyclical, involving problem identification, assessment, solution development, implementation, and review. Key aspects of policy formulation discussed include setting the policy agenda, developing potential solutions, and constraints influencing decision making such as public opinion, economic factors, and political realities. The stages of policy implementation and potential gaps between policy design and real-world application are also outlined.

The document summarizes key points from India's Budget for 2016-2017 presented by Kishan K Shenoy, Lester Max D souza, and Lathesh Kumar Shetty. It outlines economic growth of 7.6% in 2015-2016, challenges of global slowdown and increased fiscal burden. Allocations target agriculture, rural development, social sectors, education, healthcare, infrastructure, and job creation. Tax rates and slabs are adjusted, and certain deductions are proposed to phase out. Fiscal deficit is retained at 3.5% of GDP to balance growth and fiscal discipline.

This document discusses the eBS R12 tax engine and its implementation for Australian GST. It provides an overview of the tax engine components and configuration steps for GST. It also addresses some challenges with the initial R12 upgrade and provides recommendations for custom reporting and reconciliations for GST purposes.

This document provides an introduction to public policy. It defines public policy as actions taken by governments to address public issues through laws, regulations, funding, and programs. The document outlines the framework for developing public policy, including setting objectives and targets, identifying alternatives, designing and implementing programs, and evaluating impacts. It also discusses different analytical approaches to public policy, the stages of the policy process, challenges with implementation, and criteria for evaluating policies. Key topics covered include the roles of government, rationales for public policy, categories of policies, and steps for policy analysis.

This document provides an overview of the Indian economic and trade policy course structure and evaluation. It discusses key topics like the structure of the Indian economy, sector-specific issues, social sector development, external sector overview and trade policy. It analyzes India's economic growth performance across five-year plans and four phases of development. Some challenges discussed are structural transformation of the economy, employment growth, poverty reduction and the political economy implications of reforms.

This is an analysis on the Capital Expenditure of the 2016 Budget – Appropriation Bill – with special focus on the Number of Capital Projects to be executed by Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs).

This document provides an overview of topics related to the Indian economy that may be covered in the UPSC Prelims 2016 exam, including terms used in the Indian economy, planning, poverty and unemployment, economic reforms, inflation, and monetary policy. It defines key economic concepts and terms, describes India's various Five-Year Plans since 1951 and their objectives, outlines approaches to measuring and addressing poverty, and explains tools and objectives of monetary policy in India like the bank rate, cash reserve ratio, and statutory liquidity ratio.

The document gives highlights from key sectors – agriculture and rural development, banking, financial services and insurance, defence and aviation, e-commerce and retail, energy, FMCG, food & beverages, infrastructure and housing, manufacturing, railways, social welfare, steel and mining, and technology IT & telecom.

Recent data released by Stats SA show that public-sector capital expenditure has risen over the last five years, from a total of R203 billion in 2012 to R284 billion in 2016; an average rise of 8,7% per year. Over R1,2 trillion was spent during this five-year period. Eskom topped the list as the biggest capital spender of the 772 public-sector entities covered in the report. The power utility contributed 25,7% (R73,0 billion) to total capital expenditure, focusing mainly on the continued construction of the Kusile and the Medupi power stations, and the Ingula Pumped Storage Scheme. Transnet was the second biggest spender, focusing mainly on maintaining capacity in its port and rail divisions. For more on this, go to http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=10252

The document discusses different economic goals, theories and policies of Democrats, Republicans and other groups. It covers various types of capitalism and economic systems, as well as the influence of corporations, interest groups and government institutions on policy creation. Key economic indicators and theories around supply and demand, laissez-faire, Keynesian and supply-side economics are also examined.

Describes about the meaning of public policy, need and importance of public policies, recent public policies in india, weakness of public policies and remedies to overcome the public policy problems

This document provides a SWOT analysis of the Modi government in India. It details the government's strengths such as minimum government and infrastructure initiatives. Weaknesses include being a single-man government and limited focus on farmers. Opportunities exist in using foreign exchange savings for employment and capitalizing on the large mandate. Threats include limited cash reserves and lack of numbers in the upper house of parliament. Global experts generally view Modi positively and see potential for further reforms leading to strong growth.

The document discusses monitoring, evaluation, indicators, and data quality in the context of management information systems (MIS). It provides definitions and explanations of key concepts: Monitoring is the regular tracking of project inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes and impacts. Evaluation determines the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability of a project. Good indicators for monitoring and evaluation should be useful, valid, reliable, and understandable. Both quantitative and qualitative data and methods can be used. Ensuring high quality data involves clear goals, training, checks and addressing errors. Together, monitoring, evaluation and quality data support effective project management through information systems.

Presented at the Strategic Policy Planning, Implementation and Evaluation training workshop held at Source of the Nile Hotel, Jinja. Oct 1,2015

Whole systems change across a neighbourhood How can we collaborate with people to help them build their resilience? Get under the skin of the culture and the lives people live. Identify people’s feelings and experiences of community and understand what people think is shaped by different values and by the environment and infrastructure around them. The future of collaboration could bring many opportunities but people find it more difficult to live and act together than before. How can we help people…and communities build their resilience? Understand people’s different situations and capabilities to develop pathways that help them build resilient relationships. Help people experience and practice change together. Help people grow everyday practices into sustainable projects. Turn people’s everyday motivations into design principles. Support infrastructure that connects different cultures of collaboration. Build relationships with people designing in collaboration for the future…now.

Metrics is a hot topic within all fundraising fields. Measurement models have been established for monitoring the work of frontline fundraisers in order to assess the variety of activities performed as well as the schedule, pace, and outcomes of those activities. With this information in hand, choices can be made about which fundraising activities are most effective in achieving the desired donor behavior, most obviously giving.

This document summarizes a presentation on program evaluation for NGO partner organizations. It defines program evaluation as the systematic process of collecting and analyzing information about a program to make necessary decisions. There are two main types of evaluations: process evaluations, which verify proper implementation, and outcome evaluations, which assess a program's effectiveness and impact. The presentation outlines key steps for developing an evaluation plan, including determining the purpose and audience, identifying evaluation questions, choosing a methodology, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings. It also discusses important considerations like the appropriate evaluator and presents an activity for participants to develop strategies, outcomes, and discuss an evaluation plan for one of their program objectives.

The document discusses evaluability assessments (EAs) and how they can inform the choice of evaluation methods. Key points: - EAs examine a project's design, available information, and context to determine if and how an evaluation could be conducted. They help ensure evaluations are useful and feasible. - Common EA steps include reviewing documentation, engaging stakeholders, and making recommendations about a project's logic, monitoring systems, and potential evaluation approaches. - Choosing evaluation methods depends on the EA results as well as the evaluation's purpose, required credibility, complexity of the intervention, and available resources. Methods like experiments provide strong evidence of impact but are difficult to implement. - EAs improve evaluation quality by engaging

This document provides an overview of monitoring and evaluation concepts for designing M&E frameworks and plans. It discusses the key components of an M&E framework including objectives, indicators, data collection, responsibilities and frequency. Examples are provided of frameworks for different public health programs addressing problems like maternal mortality and fertility. Participants are guided through exercises to identify health problems, program objectives, and indicators for sample case studies. The document emphasizes establishing valid, reliable and timely indicators that are consistent with program design and aid management and evaluation of progress toward objectives. It also covers developing a full M&E framework with defined indicators, data sources and collection responsibilities.

This document provides an overview of monitoring and evaluation concepts for designing M&E frameworks and plans. It discusses the difference between program frameworks and M&E frameworks, and how to identify appropriate indicators. Participants are guided through exercises to develop a program logic model and select indicators for a sample public health case study. Key aspects of M&E frameworks like data sources, collection methods and responsibilities are reviewed. The document emphasizes setting realistic expectations and adapting the M&E plan if funding is reduced.

This document provides guidance on conducting a needs assessment. It defines a needs assessment as a systematic process to determine gaps between current and desired conditions. It outlines the goals, types, techniques, and steps involved in needs assessment. This includes collecting both hard and soft data, using methods like questionnaires, focus groups, and secondary data. The document emphasizes obtaining institutional approval when needed and establishing a planning team to guide the process. The overall purpose is to learn about problems and design effective programs to address identified needs and gaps.

Public policy implementation and programs are shaped by various factors including expertise, leadership, politics, and budgets. Programs operationalize public policy goals to address societal problems. The policymaking process involves legislative development of policies, administrative implementation through rulemaking and programs, and judicial/legislative review. Effective implementation requires planning, interpretation of legislative intent, and application of programs. Evaluation determines program success through data collection and analysis methods like before/after studies and controlled experiments. Evaluation results inform continuation, termination, or changes to policy and future planning.

Module 4.2 - Performance management The SENSES project co-funded by the European Union funds (ERDF and IPA) For more information check the official website: http://www.interreg-danube.eu/senses