This paper presents a finite element analysis of steady-state crack propagation in viscoelastic soft solids exhibiting Mullins softening. A cohesive-zone model is employed to simulate the localized processes at the tip of a Mode I crack in materials governed by viscoelastic behavior and damage-induced Mullins effects. The study numerically evaluates the intrinsic dissipation characteristics of typical

The mechanical properties of fractured rock mass have an important influence on the safety and stability of underground engineering. Grouting is a common way to reinforce fractured rock mass. The uniaxial compression tests of red sandstone specimens with different prefabricated crack inclination angles before and after grouting were carried out. Based on the load-deformation data and synchronous image

Concrete is prone to damage under explosive loads, which can cause a large number of casualties and property losses. The concrete fragmentation process during explosion is transient and dynamic, and the experimental measurement of such events is difficult and risky to conduct, and the intermediate explosion process is difficult to observe in the experimental tests. Therefore, the numerical simulation

Sediment flushing through bottom tunnels has been widely applied in engineering practice to alleviate reservoir sedimentation. However, there is limited understanding of whether flushing can be acc...

In the cockpit, minimising the pilots' thermal discomfort due to solar exposure while ensuring clear visibility is essential. This study numerically examined the solar radiation effect on thermal f...

A novel damage evolution model for unidirectional (UD) composites is established in this paper in the context of continuum damage mechanics (CDM). It addresses matrix cracking and it is to be applied along with the damage representation established previously. The concept of damage driving force is employed based on the Helmholtz free energy. It is shown that the damage driving force can be partitioned

This paper applied a thermal-mechanical sequential coupled mesoscopic simulation method to explore the axial compression performance and the corresponding size effect of Reinforced Concrete Columns confined by Stirrups (i.e., RCCS) at low temperatures, with considering the interaction between concrete meso-components and steel bars as well as the low-temperature effect of mechanical parameters. Based

The failure of layered rock after high temperature exposure is a major concern in deep underground engineering projects. This paper proposes an improved Nishihara creep constitutive model that considers damage factors and the bedding angle, which overcomes the shortcomings of the deviation in the description of the conventional Nishihara model in the acceleration stage. The constitutive model is verified

The deterioration of rock material properties induced by seepage pressure is a serious danger to the stability of geotechnical engineering. The formation and propagation of microcracks is the primary cause of rock macro failure. This work proposes an damage-based analytical model to assess the impact of seepage pressure on the macro mechanical behaviors of rocks from the standpoint of micro fracture

Fretting fatigue often occurs in the interfaces between components, subjected to complex multi-axial load states and high stress gradients at the contact edge region. For the prediction of fretting fatigue crack initiation and in-depth understanding of the crack initiation mechanism, it is essential to investigate the damage mechanisms across various scales and explore the underlying scale coupling

Researchers are mainly interested in using soft computing artificial intelligence (AI) methods due to their broad applications in analysis, modelling and simulations. Backpropagation neural network...

In this study, the erosion characteristics of eutectic high entropy alloy under the liquid–solid two-phase flow is investigated by a coupled numerical-experimental method, in order to reveal the in...

This study investigates the influence of vibration on droplet dynamics when a droplet impacts a three-dimensional (3D) structured porous medium, focusing on intrinsic properties such as porosity an...

Understanding the settling behaviour of particles and the interactions between fluid and particles in channelled fluids is crucial for various natural and industrial processes. The research present...

The problem of the geodynamo is simple to formulate (Why does the Earth possess a magnetic field?), yet it proves surprisingly hard to address. As with most geophysical flows, the fluid flow of molten iron in the Earth's core is strongly influenced by the Coriolis effect. Because the liquid is electrically conducting, it is also strongly influenced by the Lorentz force. The balance is unusual in that

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of flexible circular cylinders in cross-flow. It delves into the details of the underlying physics governing the VIV dynamics of cylinders characterized by low mass damping and high aspect ratio, subject to both uniform and shear flows. It compiles decades of experimental investigations, modeling efforts

Turbulence is often studied by tracking its spatiotemporal evolution and analyzing the dynamics of its different scales. The dual to this perspective is that of an observer who starts from measurements, or observations, of turbulence and attempts to identify their back-in-time origin, which is the foundation of data assimilation. This back-in-time search must contend with the action of chaos, which

In order to study the effects of crack inclination angle and loading rate on rock mechanical properties, creep characteristics, and failure characteristics. Taking homogeneous red sandstone with different fracture angles as the research object, uniaxial compression tests and uniaxial compression creep tests were conducted at different loading rates. The results showed that under the same fracture angle

As there is a risk of CO contamination by vehicles running inside the car park. This research was initiated with the objective of assessing jet fans' impulsive ventilation “IV” performance and stud...

Among the various natural disasters, the death caused by flash flood is the highest. Recently, the combination of deep learning methods and hydrodynamic models has shown superior performance in the...

Phase field models have become an effective tool for predicting complex crack configurations including initiation, propagation, branching, intersecting and merging. However, several computational issues have hindered their utilisation in engineering practice, such as the convergence challenge in implicit algorithms, numerical stability issues in explicit methods and significant computational costs

We propose physics-informed holomorphic neural networks (PIHNNs) as a method to solve boundary value problems where the solution can be represented via holomorphic functions. Specifically, we consider the case of plane linear elasticity and, by leveraging the Kolosov–Muskhelishvili representation of the solution in terms of holomorphic potentials, we train a complex-valued neural network to fulfill

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown promise for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs’ loss, the regularization terms, can only guarantee that the prediction results conform to the physical constraints in the average sense, which results in PINNs’ inability to strictly adhere to implied physical laws such as conservation laws and symmetries. This limits the optimization

In isogeometric analysis, isogeometric function spaces are employed for accurately representing the solution to a partial differential equation (PDE) on a parameterized domain. They are generated from a tensor-product spline space by composing the basis functions with the inverse of the parameterization. Depending on the geometry of the domain and on the data of the PDE, the solution might not have

In this study, a comprehensive investigation was conducted to explore the material extrusion process of NiTi shape-memory alloy-based bio-composite polymeric matrix. Polylactic acid PLA+ Stearic Acid polymeric matrix are performed in order to develop an environmentally friendly process for manufacturing feedstocks with [Formula: see text] nickel-titanium powders for employed in the 3D printing process

The climatic wind tunnel (CWT) is widely recognised as the optimal experimental environment for studying vehicle rainwater management, while the rainfall field generated by the CWT for vehicles may...

The weld crack leakage due to stress concentration and external load is a significant safety risk in pressure pipelines. Microstructural variations and dynamic propagation lead to unpredictable cha...

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) plays a crucial role in investigating new physical phenomena and exploring the principles of fluid mechanics. However, CFD numerical methods often face the challe...

Chemical gradients, the spatial variations in chemical concentrations and components, are omnipresent in environments ranging from biological and environmental systems to industrial processes. These thermodynamic forces often play a central role in driving transport processes taking place in such systems. This review focuses on diffusiophoresis, a phoretic transport phenomenon driven by chemical gradients

Ice structures such as accretion on airplanes, wires, or roadways; ice falls; ice stalactites; frozen rivers; and aufeis are formed by the freezing of capillary flows (drops, rivulets, and films). To understand these phenomena, a detailed exploration of the complex coupling between capillary flow and solidification is necessary. Among the many scientific questions that remain open in order to understand

We present a Hu–Washizu stabilization-free Virtual Element Method for three-dimensional linear elasticity. To that end, the discrete formulation of the problem is obtained using the three-fields Hu–Washizu variational approach. The discrete displacement space is given as an enhanced virtual element space which introduces a new projector that only requires integration over the edges of the element.

In the context of active vibration suppression, an integrated topology optimization framework is proposed for the optimal control of dynamic structures. This article formulates a new composite objective function by considering the external harmonic excitations with different excitation frequencies and the complex-valued displacement field. Within the proposed optimal control performance function, the

This paper presents the first application of a symmetric interior-penalty discontinuous Galerkin isogeometric analysis (SIP-DG-IGA) spatial discretization to the self-adjoint angular flux (SAAF) form of the multi-group neutron transport equation. The penalty parameters are determined, for general element types, from a mathematically rigorous coercivity analysis of the bilinear form. The proposed scheme

A theoretical stability estimate is presented for the Raviart–Thomas Spectral Difference scheme for triangular and tetrahedral meshes. It reveals the difficulty of guaranteeing the existence of stable flux points for an arbitrary order of accuracy. To obtain a numerical method stable for any order of accuracy and any space dimension, the present article introduces a new correction term of the flux

Mechanical structures typically consist of multiple components, necessitating system reliability analysis. This paper proposes a vectorial surrogate modeling method based on moving Kriging (MK-VSMM) model, utilizing the absorption of moving least squares (MLS) method, Kriging model, marine predators algorithm (MPA), vectorial surrogate modeling method, and hybrid collaborative sampling technique. In

We develop a fast three-dimensional (3D), high-order boundary element method (HBEM) to simulate the time evolution of nonlinear broadband steep waves generated by wavemakers of arbitrary shape in a wave basin. HBEM uses perturbation expansions up to order M of the free-surface and wavemaker motions, yielding, at each time step, a sequence of boundary-value problems (BVPs) for each perturbed velocity

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have shown great potential in the context of fluid dynamics simulations, particularly in reconstructing flow fields and identifying key parameters. In this study, we explore the application of PINNs to recover the dimensionless settling velocity for sedimentation flow. The flow involves sediment-laden fresh water overlying salt water, which is described by Navier–Stokes

Magnetic field-assisted selective laser sintering (MFA-SLS) is an innovative technology of additive manufacturing that combines a laser beam with an external magnetic field to enable more degrees of freedom for tailoring microstructure. However, there still lacks a mesoscopic model to predict the microstructure evolution during MFA-SLS process. Herein, we develop a thermodynamically consistent non-isothermal

We present a novel tensor interpolation algorithm for the time integration of nonlinear tensor differential equations (TDEs) on the tensor train and Tucker tensor low-rank manifolds, which are the building blocks of many tensor network decompositions. This paper builds upon our previous work (Donello et al., 2023) on solving nonlinear matrix differential equations on low-rank matrix manifolds using

We present a divergence-free and Hdiv-conforming hybridized discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method and a computationally efficient variant called embedded-HDG (E-HDG) for solving stationary incompressible viso-resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. The proposed E-HDG approach uses continuous facet unknowns for the vector-valued solutions (velocity and magnetic fields) while it uses discontinuous

Personalized cardiac mechanics modeling is a powerful tool for understanding the biomechanics of cardiac function in health and disease and assisting in treatment planning. However, current models are limited to using medical images acquired at a single cardiac phase, often limiting their applicability for processing dynamic image acquisitions. This study introduces an inverse finite element analysis

Geometrically exact beam models can accurately describe the statics and dynamics of elastic, slender beams undergoing large deformations. This work introduces a variational integrator for such models based on a relative-kinematic formulation, in which positions and velocities of nodes in the discretized beam are expressed relative to the respective preceding nodes in the kinematic chain. The resulting

In this study, load amplitude–life (Fa–N) curves were obtained through tensile–compressive fatigue tests of bolted joints. It was observed that the correlation coefficient squared (R2) value of the Fa–N curve with the same geometric and pre-tightening parameters was high, but the R2 value of the Fa–N curve with all the parameters was low, indicating poor correlation and inability to meet the engineering

The fatigue behavior and strengthening mechanisms of the laser powder bed fusion pure tantalum (LPBF-Ta), coupled with a fatigue life prediction model, were originally explored. The fatigue strength of LPBF-Ta fabricated at the optimal laser energy density (154.16 J/mm3) is 348 MPa (106 cycles), showing a remarkable improvement of about 80 % and 50 % compared with that of the annealed and cold worked

Granular bright facets (GBFs) are frequently observed adjacent to inclusions and within fish-eye areas in the fatigue fractures of high-strength steels under very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF), considered as a characteristic fracture feature of VHCF. Previous understanding on GBF formation emphasizes the occurrence of nanocystallization in microstructure. In this study, however, the same morphology can

This research investigates the effect of the formation of an oxygen-stabilised titanium alpha layer – called alpha-case at the surface – on the fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy components produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). Three post processing heat treatments with different controlled atmospheres were carried out on samples with as-built surfaces to evaluate how differences in

Crystal plasticity simulations of materials to assess the fatigue response on the microscale are becoming increasingly popular in industrial application. However, in the case of parts made from cast Ni-base superalloys, the amount of pores in a part combined with the fine spatial discretization around the pores needed due to strong mechanical gradients quickly leads to a computationally impractical

This work utilizes the Immersed Boundary Conformal Method (IBCM) to analyze linear elastic Kirchhoff–Love and Reissner–Mindlin shell structures within an immersed domain framework. Immersed boundary methods involve embedding complex geometries within a background grid, which allows for great flexibility in modeling intricate shapes and features despite the simplicity of the approach. The IBCM method

Nonlinear optimization of the composite laminate possesses a prohibitive computational cost due to the frequent and time-consuming nonlinear analysis. To address this issue, the geometrically nonlinear analysis is completely surrogated by the attention-based Sequence-to-Sequence (Seq2Seq) model in this work. Specifically, the model maps its inputs, consisting of lamination parameters (LP) and the linear

Localization, in the form of adiabatic shear, is analyzed in viscoplastic solids that may undergo structural transformation driven by pressure, shear stress, temperature, and magnetic field. As pertinent to polycrystalline metals, transformations may include solid–solid phase transitions, twinning, and dynamic recrystallization. A finite-strain constitutive framework for isotropic metals is used to

Whether or not energy dissipation is localized in the vicinity of the rupture tip, and whether any distal energy dissipation far from the crack tip has a significant influence on rupture dynamics are key questions in the description of frictional ruptures, in particular regarding the application of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) to earthquakes. These questions are investigated experimentally

We present an approach to the coupling of mixed-dimensional continua by employing the mathematically enriched linear Cosserat micropolar model. The kinematical reduction of the model to lower dimensional domains leaves its fundamental degrees of freedom intact. Consequently, the degrees of freedom intrinsically agree even at the interface with a domain of a different dimensionality. Thus, this approach

Natural materials, through the multiscale architected organisms they contain, can evolve and control anisotropic properties to enhance their functionality and performance, thereby improving their adaptability to external environments. Similarly, recent studies have demonstrated engineered porous materials with multiscale architected structures and tunable anisotropy can achieve superior performance

This work focuses on the numerical solution of the dynamics of a poroelastic material in the frequency domain. We provide a detailed stability analysis based on the application of the Fredholm alternative in the continuous case, considering a total pressure formulation of the Biot’s equations. In the discrete setting, we propose a stabilized equal order finite element method complemented by an additional

Most of real-world structural components that undergo cyclic loading feature multiaxial fatigue. When the cyclic loading involves also significant plastic deformation, multiaxial low-cycle fatigue takes place. Applications where multiaxial low-cycle fatigue can be observed very often involve metal components. To predict their lives multiple criteria and models have been proposed, but their development

The aim of this study is to investigate the fatigue behaviour of hybrid flax-glass/epoxy composites under repeated impact loading subsequent to water ageing. Different plates of these composite materials were fabricated using the vacuum infusion technique. Five stacking sequences were considered: [F8], [G/F3]S, [G2/F2]S, [G3/F]S, and [G8], where F and G stand for flax/epoxy and glass/epoxy plies, respectively

The state of the surface of the leading edge of wind turbine blades is important for optimal aerodynamic performance. Rain erosion leads to damage and roughness on the leading edge. In this study, we present an approach to predict the level of roughness of the leading edge based on fatigue damage accumulation due to impacts of rain droplets. Impact simulations of droplets on the protective coating

A micromechanical model is developed that generates analytic expressions for the crack displacement vector u given an arbitrary far-field stress state σa for a crack that is bridged by an array of ligaments oriented at an arbitrary angle with respect to the crack plane. The model is applicable to various materials, e.g., fibrous ceramic composites, or polymer composites reinforced by stitches or z-pins

Researchers have long been working on interpreting and predicting the dynamics of complex systems in various fields. Conventional methods including full-scale simulations and reduced-order models a...

The interaction between deformable bodies and rigid foundations undergoing finite strains is explored in this work with the Method of Multiscale Virtual Power, unlocking novel insights into contact homogenisation theories. The focus lies in establishing the foundational kinematical links across scales and achieving seamless homogenisation of the traction vector through rigorous duality arguments. Two