El aumento en los índices de obesidad refleja el efecto de las políticas públicas y la forma como se comercializan los productos alimenticios, si esta situación no se revierte, los casos de enfermedades no trasmisibles seguirán en... more
El aumento en los índices de obesidad refleja el efecto de las políticas públicas y la forma como se comercializan los productos alimenticios, si esta situación no se revierte, los casos de enfermedades no trasmisibles seguirán en aumento. El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar la percepción de los diseños de advertencia de cuatro países (Ecuador, Chile, Brasil y Perú) y su influencia en la intención de compra de productos envasados en escolares. El estudio consistió en tres etapas:(a) primero se utilizó un cuestionario para conocer la frecuencia de consumo de productos envasados, (b) luego se diseñaron etiquetas con los productos con mayor frecuencia de consumo, y (c) finalmente se utilizó la técnica instrumental de seguimiento ocular para conocer la percepción visual de las etiquetas, teniendo como región de interés el diseño de advertencia frontal de los cuatro países. El producto envasado de mayor frecuencia de consumo fue el yogurt (32%) y la galleta (35%). En la categorí...
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The aim of this study was to compare the loss of chalarina vitamin C after applying four methods of dehydration: vacuum osmotic dehydration combined with convective drying, convective drying, osmotic dehydration combined with vacuum... more
The aim of this study was to compare the loss of chalarina vitamin C after applying four methods of dehydration: vacuum osmotic dehydration combined with convective drying, convective drying, osmotic dehydration combined with vacuum freeze-drying, and freeze-drying. The fresh chalarina was fitted into cubes of 1 cm; we determined the vitamin C content and other chemical properties of the pulp. The powders were characterized: vitamin C, moisture content, aw, density, angle of flow and compressibility. Fresh chalarina pulp has a vitamin C content of 29.75 mg/100g. Osmotic dehydration and vacuum reduced to 15.75 mg/100g this content; combined with convective drying is reached 9.31 mg/100g; if combined with freeze-drying is obtained 14.98 mg/100g. Applying convective drying was obtained only 7.05 mg of vitaminaC/100g chalarina powder, while by applying only freeze-drying was obtained 23.63 mg/100g. We conclude that the powder obtained by vacuum osmotic dehydration - convective drying ha...
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El aumento en los índices de obesidad refleja el efecto de las políticas públicas y la forma como se comercializan los productos alimenticios, si esta situación no se revierte, los casos de enfermedades no trasmisibles seguirán en... more
El aumento en los índices de obesidad refleja el efecto de las políticas públicas y la forma como se comercializan los productos alimenticios, si esta situación no se revierte, los casos de enfermedades no trasmisibles seguirán en aumento. El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar la percepción de los diseños de advertencia de cuatro países (Ecuador, Chile, Brasil y Perú) y su influencia en la intención de compra de productos envasados en escolares. El estudio consistió en tres etapas:(a) primero se utilizó un cuestionario para conocer la frecuencia de consumo de productos envasados, (b) luego se diseñaron etiquetas con los productos con mayor frecuencia de consumo, y (c) finalmente se utilizó la técnica instrumental de seguimiento ocular para conocer la percepción visual de las etiquetas, teniendo como región de interés el diseño de advertencia frontal de los cuatro países. El producto envasado de mayor frecuencia de consumo fue el yogurt (32%) y la galleta (35%). En la categorí...
Lucuma is a fruit that is experiencing a growing trend in commercial ground into flour for use in the food industry. This study aimed to obtain lucuma flour using the method of refractive window drying and evaluate the effect of the... more
Lucuma is a fruit that is experiencing a growing trend in commercial ground into flour for use in the food industry. This study aimed to obtain lucuma flour using the method of refractive window drying and evaluate the effect of the thickness of lucuma pulp and drying time on flour moisture and color. It was used a Composite Design Central Rotary (DCCR) with time between 10 and 50 min and the thickness between 1 and 3 mm. A fixed temperature of 95 °C and mylar film (metallized polyethylene terephthalate) as a refractory film of 0.1 mm was used. It was determined that the optimal conditions for lucuma flour (9.8% moisture) with this technique is when the thickness was 1.3 mm and with a time of 15 minutes; in these conditions, the effective diffusivity of water is 2.53 E-7 m 2 /s.
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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue optimizar el contenido de acidos grasos EPA y DHA en el proceso de acidolisis enzimatica de aceite de canola y concentrado de acidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga (AGPICL) en triacilgliceridos... more
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue optimizar el contenido de acidos grasos EPA y DHA en el proceso de acidolisis enzimatica de aceite de canola y concentrado de acidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga (AGPICL) en triacilgliceridos estructurados (TAGs). Para ello, se empleo lipasa B inespecifica de Candida antarctica inmovilizada en condiciones CO2 supercritico. El aceite crudo de salmon obtenido a partir de los subproductos industriales se utilizo para obtener concentrados de AGPICL. Como primer paso, se obtuvo un concentrado de AGPICL mediante una hidrolisis basica y posterior complejacion con urea. Posteriormente se optimizo las variables del proceso de acidolisis enzimatica mediante un diseno compuesto central rotacional2 5-1 mas estrella, de 5 factores con 30 ensayos experimentales, basado en la metodologia superficie respuesta. Las condiciones optimas que maximizaron el contenido de EPA a 3,92 g/100 g de acidos grasos totales (AGT) y de DHA a 9,09 g/100 g AGT en los TAG...
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Background: Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) green is a vegetable with a great demand worldwide, and likewise, it is highly perishable due to its high respiration rate that accelerates its senescence. Disinfection of vegetables after... more
Background: Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) green is a vegetable with a great demand worldwide, and likewise, it is highly perishable due to its high respiration rate that accelerates its senescence. Disinfection of vegetables after their harvest is an obligatory practice that can reduce losses by decomposition due to the attack of microorganisms. Therefore, it is vital to preserving its microbiological and sensory characteristics to reach the final consumer. Objective: To evaluate the effect of gaseous ozone (0 to 10 ppm) and storage time (0 to 30 days) on phenol content, overall appearance, count of molds, psychrophilic bacteria, and viable mesophilic aerobes. Methods: the response surface methodology was used, applying a rotatable central composite design. Results: The results indicated that there was a significant influence (p <0.05) of the independent variables on the characteristics studied, as well as an adequate lack of fit of the quadratic regression model (p> 0....
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RESUMEN En este estudio se investigó la inhibición de la corrosión del acero ASTM A192 en HCl 0,5 M a diferentes temperaturas, por el mucílago de Linum usitatissimum, mediante las técnicas de extrapolación Tafel, resistencia a la 0,... more
RESUMEN En este estudio se investigó la inhibición de la corrosión del acero ASTM A192 en HCl 0,5 M a diferentes temperaturas, por el mucílago de Linum usitatissimum, mediante las técnicas de extrapolación Tafel, resistencia a la 0, espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica y modulación de frecuencia electroquímica. El mucílago de Linum actúa como un óptimo inhibidor de la corrosión del acero ASTM A192 en HCl. La eficiencia de inhibición promedio obtenidos con las técnicas evaluadas fueron de 84,3% a 25 °C, 89,0% a 45 °C y 91,8% a 65 °C, con una concentración del mucílago de 1 g/l. Se encontró que la eficiencia de inhibición y la constante de adsorción incrementaron con el aumento de la temperatura. La entalpía estándar de adsorción fue positiva y la energía de activación aparente disminuyó con el aumento de la concentración del mucílago. Todos estos parámetros indican que la adsorción de mucílago en el acero evaluado se produce a través de una adsorción química. Además, conforme ...
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El objetivo de este trabajo fue optimizar la aceptabilidad sensorial (AS) de pan dulce (bizcocho andino) elaborado con diferentes porcentajes de harina de trigo (HT), harina de quinua (HQ) y azúcar (A) mediante Diseño Simplex-Centroide... more
El objetivo de este trabajo fue optimizar la aceptabilidad sensorial (AS) de pan dulce (bizcocho andino) elaborado con diferentes porcentajes de harina de trigo (HT), harina de quinua (HQ) y azúcar (A) mediante Diseño Simplex-Centroide (DSC) y Función de Deseabilidad (FD). Se realizaron 10 tratamientos, en los cuales la mezcla de diferentes porcentajes de HT (28% - 52.5%), HQ (0% - 24.5%) y A (17.5% - 42%) representaron el 70% de la formulación. La evaluación de la AS fue realizada por triplicado con 20 panelistas consumidores aplicando una escala no estructurada (0 a 10). El análisis estadístico del DSC reportó que un modelo cúbico explicó satisfactoriamente el efecto de HT, HQ y A en la AS (p = 0.0529 ≈ 0.05 y R2 = 94.49%), en la superficie de respuesta se observó que los rangos porcentuales que optimizaron la AS fueron: 35.35% - 41.97% de HT, 7.11% - 11.03% de HQ y 20.44% - 24.61% de A. Mediante FD se determinó que los porcentajes que optimizaron la AS fueron: 40.25% de HT, 9.05%...
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Cocoa beans are the main raw material for the manufacture of chocolate and are currently gaining great importance due to their antioxidant potential attributed to the total phenolic content (TPC) and the monomeric flavan-3-ols... more
Cocoa beans are the main raw material for the manufacture of chocolate and are currently gaining great importance due to their antioxidant potential attributed to the total phenolic content (TPC) and the monomeric flavan-3-ols (epicatechin and catechin). The objective of this study was to determine the degradation kinetics parameters of TPC, epicatechin, and catechin during the roasting process of Criollo cocoa for 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 min at 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 190, and 200 °C. The results showed a lower degradation of TPC (10.98 ± 6.04%) and epicatechin (8.05 ± 3.01%) at 130 °C and 10 min of roasting, while a total degradation of epicatechin and a 92.29 ± 0.06% degradation of TPC was obtained at 200 °C and 50 min. Reaction rate constant ( k ) and activation energy ( E a ) were 0.02–0.10 min−1 and 24.03 J/mol for TPC and 0.02–0.13 min−1 and 22.51 J/mol for epicatechin, respectively. Degradation kinetics of TPC and epicatechin showed first-order reactions, while the catechin s...
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Background: Hyperspectral image analysis is a fast and non-destructive technique that is being used to measure quality attributes of food products. This research investigated the feasibility of predicting internal quality attributes, such... more
Background: Hyperspectral image analysis is a fast and non-destructive technique that is being used to measure quality attributes of food products. This research investigated the feasibility of predicting internal quality attributes, such as Total Soluble Solids (TSS), pH, Titratable Acidity (TA), and maturity index (TSS/TA); and external quality attributes such as color components (L*, a*, b*) as well as Color Index (CI) of Valencia orange fruit using hyperspectral reflectance imaging in the range of 400-1000 nm. Methods: Oranges were scanned by the system in order to build full models for predicting quality attributes using partial least squares regression. Optimal wavelengths were identified using the regression coefficients from full models, which were used to build simplified models by multiple linear regression. The coefficient of determination of prediction (R2p) and the Standard Error of Prediction (SEP) were used to measure the performance of the models obtained. Results: F...
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Rose hip is of great interest among food manufacturers and consumers because it contains compounds that give it a high antioxidant capacity. To determine the effect of the frozen storage process over the vitamin C content, total phenols,... more
Rose hip is of great interest among food manufacturers and consumers because it contains compounds that give it a high antioxidant capacity. To determine the effect of the frozen storage process over the vitamin C content, total phenols, antioxidant capacity, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and other properties, rose hip pulp was stored at –5°C, –10°C, –15°C and –20°C. Also, the temperature of –18°C was considered in order to verify differences between the predicted and experimental rates at this commercial storage condition. The kinetics were modeled using the Weibull model, and their rates were correlated with the temperature using the log-logistic model. Results showed that vitamin C, total phenols content, antioxidant content, and linoleic decreased while frozen. The degradation of vitamin C in rose hip pulp during frozen storage was lower than the degradation rate of the total phenols and the antioxidant capacity, respectively. Shelf life of frozen rose hip pulp was established to be 329.8 days at –18°C.
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Pineapple shell, considered a waste in the juice industry, was used as a reinforcement material to produce biodegradable foam trays (FTs) based on cassava starch by a compression molding process. These foams were prepared with different... more
Pineapple shell, considered a waste in the juice industry, was used as a reinforcement material to produce biodegradable foam trays (FTs) based on cassava starch by a compression molding process. These foams were prepared with different starch/fiber ratios and then were characterized according to their microstructure and physical and mechanical properties. The starch/fiber ratio of 95/5 showed the lowest values of thickness and density (2.58 mm and 367 kg m−3, respectively). There was a good distribution of the pineapple shell fiber throughout the polymeric matrix. All FTs showed a semicrystalline structure and 95/5 ratio showed the highest crystallinity index (CI) value (39%). In addition, this ratio improved the tensile strength of the FTs, obtaining similar values to expanded polystyrene (EPS) samples, used as the reference material. Nevertheless, all FTs reinforced with pineapple shell fiber showed high water absorption capacity (WAC); therefore, future studies should focus on t...
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Abstract The aim of this work was evaluate the effect of the addition of sugarcane bagasse and asparagus peel fiber on the physical and mechanical properties of baked foams based on oca starch. Low concentrations of fiber reduce the... more
Abstract The aim of this work was evaluate the effect of the addition of sugarcane bagasse and asparagus peel fiber on the physical and mechanical properties of baked foams based on oca starch. Low concentrations of fiber reduce the density of the foams and the addition of fiber does not improve the flexural strength of the foams, but generates harder and deformable trays. High concentrations of sugarcane bagasse fiber generate more compact trays with a lower water absorption capacity than the control. Foams with asparagus peel fiber showed higher rates of thermal degradation than the control but not so extensive as to affect their applicability.
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Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. The starches were... more
Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. The starches were characterized in their proximal composition, crystallinity, microstructure and thermal properties. The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa).
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This study aims to optimize simultaneously the lipid profile and instrumental hardness of low-fat mortadella. For lipid mixture optimization, the overlapping of surface boundaries was used to select the quantities of canola, olive, and... more
This study aims to optimize simultaneously the lipid profile and instrumental hardness of low-fat mortadella. For lipid mixture optimization, the overlapping of surface boundaries was used to select the quantities of canola, olive, and fish oils, in order to maximize PUFAs, specifically the long-chain n-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic-EPA, docosahexaenoic acids-DHA) using the minimum content of fish oil. Increased quantities of canola oil were associated with higher PUFA/SFA ratios. The presence of fish oil, even in small amounts, was effective in improving the nutritional quality of the mixture, showing lower n-6/n-3 ratios and significant levels of EPA and DHA. Thus, the optimal lipid mixture comprised of 20, 30 and 50% fish, olive and canola oils, respectively, which present PUFA/SFA (2.28) and n-6/n-3 (2.30) ratios within the recommendations of a healthy diet. Once the lipid mixture was optimized, components of the pre-emulsion used as fat replacer in the mortadella, such as lip...
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The aim of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis (DA) of bacons smoked with woods from reforestation and liquid smokes in order to investigate their sensory profile. Six samples of bacon were selected: three smoked bacons with... more
The aim of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis (DA) of bacons smoked with woods from reforestation and liquid smokes in order to investigate their sensory profile. Six samples of bacon were selected: three smoked bacons with different wood species (Eucalyptus citriodora, Acacia mearnsii, and Bambusa vulgaris), two artificially smoked bacon samples (liquid smoke) and one negative control (unsmoked bacon). Additionally, a commercial bacon sample was also evaluated. DA was developed successfully, presenting a good performance in terms of discrimination, consensus and repeatability. The study revealed that the smoking process modified the sensory profile by intensifying the "saltiness" and differentiating the unsmoked from the smoked samples. The results from the current research represent the first methodological development of descriptive analysis of bacon and may be used by food companies and other stakeholders to understand the changes in sensory characteristi...
Research Interests: Chemical Engineering, Meat Science, Brazil, Adolescent, Animal Production, and 14 moreHumans, Wood, Female, Animals, Male, Taste, Eucalyptus, Acacia, Smoke, Middle Aged, Adult, Swine, Food Sciences, and Meat products
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory characteristics of mortadellas with different fat contents using Descriptive Analysis (DA) and Check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions and their relationship with overall liking (OL). Five... more
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory characteristics of mortadellas with different fat contents using Descriptive Analysis (DA) and Check-all-that-apply (CATA) questions and their relationship with overall liking (OL). Five mortadella samples were studied. Sample 1, containing 16% fat. Sample 2 was formulated with 8% fat. Samples 3 and 4 were prepared by replacing 50% fat by a pre-emulsion composed of fish, canola and olive oil. A commercial fat-reduced sample was also studied. The sensory characteristics of the samples were evaluated by DA. Besides, eighty-four consumers evaluated their OL using a 9-point scale and answered the CATA questions. Replacement or reduction of fat caused changes in the sensory characteristics of the samples. Commercial mortadella was the most liked. CATA questions along with penalty analysis and partial least squares regression (PLSR) of dummy variables on the OL helped to identify the attributes to be changed in the mortadella formulations.
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This work studies the adsorption of colored compounds in cane juice using a food-grade macroporous adsorber resin without functional groups. The adsorption equilibrium was studied through the adsorption isotherms at 30, 40, and 50 ℃. The... more
This work studies the adsorption of colored compounds in cane juice using a food-grade macroporous adsorber resin without functional groups. The adsorption equilibrium was studied through the adsorption isotherms at 30, 40, and 50 ℃. The absorbance at 420 nm was used to measure the concentration of colored compounds, which enables correlation of the residual concentration with the adsorbed concentration. Furthermore, the efficiency of the adsorption process was studied, from which it was observed that there was an improvement in efficiency with increasing resin content, while the increase in temperature was less important in the process. The kinetic study was performed using the Ibarz model and intraparticle diffusion model, which correctly account for the kinetics of the adsorption process. The adsorption kinetic constant was always greater than the desorption kinetic constant, indicating that the adsorption step predominates over the desorption step.
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ABSTRACT Responding to the ever-growing concern about safe foods and security, the food industries are forced to seek an emerging technology capable of detecting and quantifying contaminations, especially those of biological origin. Among... more
ABSTRACT Responding to the ever-growing concern about safe foods and security, the food industries are forced to seek an emerging technology capable of detecting and quantifying contaminations, especially those of biological origin. Among the different emerging technologies, hyperspectral imaging is considered a good alternative as it can be easily applied at all steps of the food production process and is a non-destructive technique. This paper reviews targeted analytical applications of hyperspectral imaging in monitoring biological contaminants in food. First, traditional techniques for detection of biological contaminants in foods are presented, where disadvantages for practical applications are highlighted and explained in detail. Second, prominent applications of hyperspectral imaging from the last decade to food safety and quality assessment are reviewed, specifically focusing on both deteriorative and pathogenic microorganisms, microbial toxins, and parasites; whether acting individually or collectively in spoiling food products and/or represent a health risk to the consumers. Finally, relevant current and future challenges, advantages and disadvantages of hyperspectral imaging applications are briefly examined.
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The aim of this study was to develop a system to classify the marbling of beef using the hyperspectral imaging technology. The Japanese standard classification of the degree of marbling of beef was used as reference and twelve standards... more
The aim of this study was to develop a system to classify the marbling of beef using the hyperspectral imaging technology. The Japanese standard classification of the degree of marbling of beef was used as reference and twelve standards were digitized to obtain the parameters of shape and spatial distribution of marbling of each class. A total of 35 samples M. longissmus dorsi muscle were scanned by the hyperspectral imaging system of 400-1000 nm in reflectance mode. The wavelength of 528nm was selected to segment the sample and the background, and 440nm was used for classified the samples. Processing algorithms on image, based on decision tree method, were used in the region of interest obtaining a classification error of 0.08% in the building stage. The results showed that the proposed technique has a great potential, as a non-destructive and fast technique, that can be used to classify beef with respect to the degree of marbling.
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The objective of this work was the proportion and size of cane bagasse fiber in the physical (density and thickness), mechanical (flexural strength and tensile at break) and thermal (TG and DTG) properties of trays made from sweet potato... more
The objective of this work was the proportion and size of cane bagasse fiber in the physical (density and thickness), mechanical (flexural strength and tensile at break) and thermal (TG and DTG) properties of trays made from sweet potato starch. A fiber size of 75-45 µm and a 2.5% ratio allowed to obtain trays with low thicknesses and densities, but with more compact structures that improved the mechanical properties of trays made from sweet potato starch alone. In addition, higher thermal stability and lower decomposition rate are shown for trays with fiber size 75-45 µm and ratios of 2.5% and 5%. These results show that the smaller fiber size improves the properties of the sweet potato starch trays and that these trays can be used to replace the expanded polymer (EPS) for use in dry foods.
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Abstract A Rotational Central Compound Design was used to optimize time and sucrose concentration for osmotic pretreatment of blueberries and strawberries to preserve anthocyanin and phenolic compound content and color during subsequent... more
Abstract A Rotational Central Compound Design was used to optimize time and sucrose concentration for osmotic pretreatment of blueberries and strawberries to preserve anthocyanin and phenolic compound content and color during subsequent jam preparation. No significant differences were found for color, but statistically significant differences in the phenolic compounds and anthocyanins content in the resulting jam were observed. Superposition of the resulting response surfaces allowed for prediction of optimized osmotic pre-treatment time and sucrose concentration. The predicted values were confirmed in triplicate. The results indicate that pretreatment times of 242 and 219 min and sucrose concentrations of 1.65 and 1.46 M recovered the greatest amount of the target compounds in blueberry and strawberry jams, respectively.
This study was focused on a comparison between the first order model and the Weibull model regarding their suitability to fit the enzymatic browning kinetic data in samples of mushrooms, pears, apples, avocados, and bananas (based on the... more
This study was focused on a comparison between the first order model and the Weibull model regarding their suitability to fit the enzymatic browning kinetic data in samples of mushrooms, pears, apples, avocados, and bananas (based on the use of the L* luminosity, the ΔE*, and the BI as the browning indexes). In order to obtain statistically robust results, at least 900 points by curve kinetic were used to describe the enzymatic browning. A mean square error was used to measure the suitability of each model. In this study, 60 slices from each sample were analyzed in a computer vision system to calculate L* values. In the results, it was demonstrated that the Weibull model appears to be the best model for mushrooms, pears, apples, avocados, and bananas. According to that expected for a First order kinetic, the β values should be equal to one in the Weibull model. In this study, the β values observed were always less than one. Therefore, it is not possible to assert that the enzymatic browning always follows an empirical First order kinetic. According to the results of this investigation, it is recommended to use the Weibull model first to insure that enzymatic browning kinetic is of the first order.
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The current lifestyle and a greater awareness of the benefits of proper nutrition demand requirements for products offered in the market, being very important the safety, sensory attributes and composition of these respect to the benefits... more
The current lifestyle and a greater awareness of the benefits of proper nutrition demand requirements for products offered in the market, being very important the safety, sensory attributes and composition of these respect to the benefits from their constituents, which in most of cases can only be assessed using techniques that require high investment of human, technological and time resources. This has caused the food industry to seek to develop products, besides the aforementioned requirements, which use technologies with less product loss during the analysis. Of all the available options, hyperspectral imaging technology is shown as one of the most promising alternatives, being a nondestructive analysis technology that can easily engage in productive processes. In this review, we collect the most important studies conducted using the hyperspectral imaging technology in assessing the quality and safety of food products, such as fruits and vegetables, legumes, cereals, meats, dairy and egg products.
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ABSTRACT The rheological properties of orange juice were studied by means of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The influence of both fiber concentration (0% to 12.5% (w/w)) and temperature (0 to 40 °C) in the parameters of the... more
ABSTRACT The rheological properties of orange juice were studied by means of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The influence of both fiber concentration (0% to 12.5% (w/w)) and temperature (0 to 40 °C) in the parameters of the Herschel-Bulkley model were evaluated using a Composed Central Rotary Design (CCRD). The flow behavior of the juice at 20 °C changed due to the addition of fiber, from Newtonian to pseudoplastic when this content exceeded 2.5% (w/w) and from this to Herschel-Bulkley when contained fiber exceeded 9% (w/w). The increase in fiber content resulted in a progressive increase in the consistency index (k) and a decrease in the flow behavior index (n), both of which were well fitted by polynomial models (R2 &gt; 0.95).