Plant Protection Science, 2020 (vol. 56), issue 2
Differences in responses to Wheat dwarf virus infection in contrasting wheat cultivars Ludwig and SvitavaOriginal Paper
Jan Ripl, Tomáš Dráb, Sebastien Gadiou, Jiban Kumar Kundu
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):67-73 | DOI: 10.17221/57/2018-PPS 
The two contrasting cultivars, the very susceptible Ludwig and moderately susceptible Svitava, previously evaluated in field trials to determine their resistance levels to Wheat dwarf virus (WDV), were analysed by four different test methods to allow for the comparison of the methods and to consider whether the resistance level of cv. Svitava can be an effective component of wheat protection from the virus. The differences in the proportion of the diseased plants were observed after the inoculation by the viruliferous leafhoppers. The differences in the cultivar resistance levels were evaluated by comparing the biomass production after the...
Effect of photosensitisers on growth and morphology of Phytophthora citrophthora coupled with leaf bioassays in pear seedlingsOriginal Paper
Antonios Zambounis, Oksana Sytar, Dimitris Valasiadis, Zoe Hilioti
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):74-82 | DOI: 10.17221/102/2019-PPS
The phytopathogenic oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora cause devastating economic losses worldwide. Naphthodianthrone compounds, present in plant extracts of buckwheat and Saint John's wort act as photosensitiser agents and exhibit antimicrobial activity against a number of pathogens. In this study, we investigated the potential inhibitory effects of fagopyrin and hypericin on Phytophthora citrophthora (R.E. Sm. & E.H. Sm.) Leonian 1906, the main causal agent of rot diseases in deciduous trees. Fagopyrin had the highest inhibitory effect in the colony growth at a concentration of 2% of a stock solution (3 mg/mL), inducing clubbed...
Influence of oxathiapiprolin on preinfectional and early infection stages of Plasmopara halstedii, downy mildew of the sunflowerOriginal Paper
Otmar Spring, Javier Gómez-Zeledón
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):83-91 | DOI: 10.17221/112/2019-PPS
Oxathiapiprolin is a recently introduced fungicide with particular activity against hemibiotrophic and biotrophic oomycetes. For Plasmopara halstedii, the downy mildew of the sunflower, no detailed studies for the activity of the pure compound on the preinfectional and early infection stages in which the fungicide could most effectively interfere with the life cycle of the pathogen have been reported. The fungicide was shown to be active against all stages of the pathogen starting from the release of the zoospores to the development of the mycelia and the formation of the sporangia. Differences in the sensitivity of the different developmental...
Control of cabbage stem weevil and pollen beetle with one insecticide applicationOriginal Paper
Marek Seidenglanz, Jaroslav Šafář, Nikoleta Rubil, Miriama Ruseňáková, Veronika Roskóová
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):92-100 | DOI: 10.17221/36/2019-PPS
Over the course of three years (2016-2018), the effects of insecticides on stem-mining weevils [(Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham, 1802), Ceutorhynchus napi (Gyllenhal, 1837)] were assessed under field conditions. The dates for spraying were determined on the basis of the recorded percentages of weevil females carrying mature eggs in their ovaries (timing I: the first females with mature eggs present in yellow water traps; timing II: more than 50% of the females with mature eggs present). Delaying the first spring insecticide application till timing II made it possible to combine the control of the stem weevil...
Citizen science reveals the current distribution of the new plant pest Aphis nerii in SlovakiaOriginal Paper
Adrián Purkart, Łukasz Depa, Milada Holecová, Jozef Kollár, Martin Suvák, Zlatica Országhová, Katarína Goffová
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):101-106 | DOI: 10.17221/46/2019-PPS
This paper presents the first record of the oleander aphid (Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841; Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Slovakia, and also one of the most northern record of this natural pest on the invasive common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca Linnaeus.; Apocynaceae) in Central Europe. Modern social media crowdsourcing has achieved comprehensive distribution data in the horticultural community, and a total of 35 new distribution sites were discovered in 28 Slovak settlements, one new site in Austria, and one in the Czech Republic. It was further established that the oleander aphid could survive in anthropogenic refuges during...
Control of Acanthoscelides obtectus with Trichoderma harzianum applied alone or in combination with diatomaceous earth on a stored common beanOriginal Paper
Hassan A. Gad, Mohamed S. Al-Anany, Wael M. Sameer, Fathia S. Al-Anany
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):107-115 | DOI: 10.17221/104/2019-PPS
A laboratory assay was designed to determine the insecticidal efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and diatomaceous earth (DE) against Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). The fungus T. harzianum was applied at 0.0, 3.3 × 106, 6.6 × 106 and 2.1 × 107 spores/kg of the common bean individually and mixed with 0, 200, 400 and 800 ppm of DE. The mortality counts were made after 1, 2, 4 and 7 days. All of the dead adults were removed after each count, and the vials were kept for the next 60 days to assess the emergence of any progeny. The highest mortality (93.88%)...
Efficacy of agrochemicals against Phyllobius oblongusOriginal Paper
Michal Skalský, Jana Ouředníčková, Jana Niedobová, Bronislava Hortová
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):116-122 | DOI: 10.17221/75/2019-PPS
The contact, residual, and ingestion efficacy of two conventional insecticides was compared with that of another five environmentally friendly agrochemicals in a laboratory for the control of the European snout beetle. Very good efficacy was observed for the conventional product Reldan 22® after all types of exposures. The conventional Mospilan® 20 SP showed good efficacy after ingestion. SpinTor® was very effective 72 h after ingestion and contact, and Siltac® EC showed comparable efficacy with conventional insecticides 72 h after ingestion and residual contact. SpinTor® and...
Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate as a safe compound for crop protection with the potential to extend the basic substances groupOriginal Paper
Martin Žabka, Roman Pavela, Martina Trávníčková, Martin Barnet
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):123-131 | DOI: 10.17221/89/2019-PPS
Excessive use of commercial synthetic fungicides in agriculture is a globally discussed issue. This topic is seen as particularly important in modern plant protection and cultivation systems, where the total fungicide burden of the agroecosystem should be controlled and reduced. Basic substances (BSs) are a relatively novel, legally recognised group of substances which can be applied. The present study tested calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CaNa2-EDTA), a substance whose properties and environmental safety make it another useful alternative for plant protection in modern farming. The study demonstrated the high antifungal activity...
Composite thrips, Microcephalothrips abdominalis, a new alien species for Bulgarian faunaShort Communication
Alexandur Popov, Katia Trencheva, Georgi Trenchev
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):132-134 | DOI: 10.17221/94/2019-PPS
Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford, 1910) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has been reported as a new alien species for Bulgarian fauna. The composite thrips were recorded during complex research on Thysanoptera diversity in the southwestern part of Bulgaria, with a special emphasis on the locality of the Petrich region. The thrips specimens, especially the adult females were collected on the 18th of May 2004, but the material was slide-mounted and identified in 2019. The species was found on Calendula officinalis Linnaeus only and has since become established outdoors. M. abdominalis could be a potential threat...
First record of Aceria kuko in SlovakiaShort Communication
Martin Suvák
Plant Protect. Sci., 2020, 56(2):135-139 | DOI: 10.17221/121/2019-PPS
A sample of goji leaves with blisters was brought from a private garden in Vyšná Kamenica to the Botanical Garden of Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice to identify the problem. The respective plant (Lycium chinense Miller cv. Big Berry) was bought through the internet and these distortions occurred after some time during cultivation. The mites found on the deformed leaves were examined using a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well. The identity of Aceria kuko (Kishida, 1927), the goji berry gall mite, was confirmed. Other available possible host plants in Košice and the surroundings were checked...