Hanne Haaland
University of Agder, Development Studies, Faculty Member
- Sociology, Development Studies, Ethnography, Social and Cultural Anthropology, Sustainable Tourism, Political ecology, NGOs, sustainable development, biodiversity, agroecology, amazonia, brazil, global change, environmental actors, protect areas, nature conservation., and 2 moreLand Tenure System and Food Security and Customary land Tenureedit
- Head of department, associate profesor, dept of global development and planningedit
This chapter concerns categorization that women who have come to Norway and Agder as refugees from non-Western countries are subjected to on their way towards employment and life in Norway. The categorizing we write about is being done by... more
This chapter concerns categorization that women who have come to Norway and Agder as refugees from non-Western countries are subjected to on their way towards employment and life in Norway. The categorizing we write about is being done by welfare state professionals, volunteers and others, and it can make women with refugee backgrounds appear pitiful and incapable, some of them to quite an extent. This has negative consequences for the women and for society at large. We show how this categorizing is often a by-product of good intentions. Still, we argue that this practice should be understood as shaped by colonial understandings, that it is a subtle form of racism, and that it may be particularly widespread in Agder. However, we also show how many other institutional and societal forces are at play. We gradually zoom in on how employees in the Norwegian work and welfare administration (NAV) use generalized, problem-oriented understandings in their work with refugees. We also reflect...
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In this paper, we explore the process of co-creation of knowledge between modelers and ethnographers through a project focusing on the role played by CIGS (Citizen initiatives for global solidarity) in the refugee crisis in the island of... more
In this paper, we explore the process of co-creation of knowledge between modelers and ethnographers through a project focusing on the role played by CIGS (Citizen initiatives for global solidarity) in the refugee crisis in the island of Lesvos, Greece. We describe the process of collaboration and discuss what this type of interdisciplinary collaboration may bring to the development of a research topic when the initial skepticism and questions of epistemological differences have been overcome. Moreover, we address some of the challenges embedded in this type of research collaboration, particularly the skepticism present within the social sciences.
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... 418 Journal of Sustainable Tourism Page 3. ... 419 Page 4. A Conceptual Understanding of the Right of Public Access The debate over public access to nature is not only a practical question about securing opportunities for nature... more
... 418 Journal of Sustainable Tourism Page 3. ... 419 Page 4. A Conceptual Understanding of the Right of Public Access The debate over public access to nature is not only a practical question about securing opportunities for nature tourism and outdoor recreation. ...
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Page 1. Uddelegering af forvaltningsansvar - levende ressourcer i Grønland Hanne Haaland Ketil Skogen Arild Landa Dave Loeks Oddgeir Andersen Peter Aastrup Carsten Egevang Roel May 6 Page 2. NINAs publikasjoner ...
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Thomassen,J., Keyyu, J. & Haaland, H. 2005. The effects of congestion of vehicles on the environment – an EIA in the Ngorongoro crater. Results from the scoping process NINA Report 17. 68 pp. The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority... more
Thomassen,J., Keyyu, J. & Haaland, H. 2005. The effects of congestion of vehicles on the environment – an EIA in the Ngorongoro crater. Results from the scoping process NINA Report 17. 68 pp. The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) faces a great challenge in managing the vehicle congestion in the Ngorongoro crater. They are in need for an assessment of the present situation and realistic plans for mitigating measures and other management actions. The situation is also dealt with in the revised General Management Plan (GMP) for the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA), which soon will be finished. Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) and Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) collaborate on capacity building, of which Environmental Impact Assessment is one of the tasks. In the capacity building programme it has been decided to use a concrete EIA as a training tool, where different training packages (proposal writing, project managing, reporting etc) are inclu...
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This paper describes a prototype agent-based model used to explain why and how a norm of humanitarianism diffuses through a population. The model is constructed on norm diffusion theories as a foundation for developing explaining the... more
This paper describes a prototype agent-based model used to explain why and how a norm of humanitarianism diffuses through a population. The model is constructed on norm diffusion theories as a foundation for developing explaining the emergence of Citizen Initiatives in a humanitarian and development context. We assume that in the model, some agents are already norm adopters (advocates), some have a humanitarian potential that can be activated with persuasion, while others will never adopt the norm of humanitarianism under any condition. In this model, we try to determine whether parameters such as agents’ values, thresholds for accepting alternative values, values degradation, and peer-pressure affect agents’ decision to become humanitarian activists.
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Certain social norms evolve without punishment as conventions that do not adversely affect society. In this paper, we depart from the notion that humanitarianism is one such social norm, where peer pressure may be the only type of... more
Certain social norms evolve without punishment as conventions that do not adversely affect society. In this paper, we depart from the notion that humanitarianism is one such social norm, where peer pressure may be the only type of punishment that encourages individuals to conform. Using an agent-based modeling approach, we examine the role that networked elites have in diffusing a non-punishment-enforced norm through an artificial society. The model considers norm advocates who promote a norm of humanitarianism, elites who have wide networks to spread the new norm, and general individuals who evaluate the norm pushed from elites and adopted by their peers. The study finds that, regardless of starting parameter values, the population converges into two groups: norm adopters and those who oppose the norm.
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The so-called “refugee crisis” in Lesvos, Greece provides a poignant example of situated, local suffering that has called for the coordination of global resources to provide relief. Some of the first to respond were local and... more
The so-called “refugee crisis” in Lesvos, Greece provides a poignant example of situated, local suffering that has called for the coordination of global resources to provide relief. Some of the first to respond were local and international Citizen Initiatives for Global Solidarity (CIGS). While a growing role for CIGS has been interpreted as a call for more global involvement, arguments for the increased localization of relief efforts suggest the need for aid agents to maintain a reflexive awareness of the potential for an influx of outside assistance to disempower those most affected. We argue that barriers to implementing the localization of humanitarian aid can be better understood by positioning this localization alongside theories of global solidarity. This paper pairs theoretical contributions from the fields of moral and political philosophy with an analysis of interview material gathered in Lesvos between 2015 and 2019. Our goal is to use narratives of conflicting interests ...
This paper reports on the authors’ ongoing collaboration on model co-creation, a process that involves not only the reconciliation of methodologies (qualitative vs. quantitative), but also of epistemologies (empirical vs... more
This paper reports on the authors’ ongoing collaboration on model co-creation, a process that involves not only the reconciliation of methodologies (qualitative vs. quantitative), but also of epistemologies (empirical vs empirical/rationalist) and ontologies (observable referent vs. abstracted referent). The co-creation process has taken place over several months, from early 2017, both in person, teleconferencing and via email. The result was an ethnographic model of the refugee situation in Lesbos, Greece. The qualifier “ethnographic” means that the simulation’s purpose was to capture the problem situation described by ethnographers in a manner that resembles their observations, not to answer a research question. Ethnographers used the modeling process – mostly elicitation and variable identification - to think about questions they had not considered in the field. Further, the used the prototype model to further narrow their desired modeling scope and ask new questions. Lastly, notes captured by the ethnographers in the field highlight the challenges of the modeling situation.
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This paper is based on the experiences of teaching gender and diversity applying a team based approach. The course ‘gender, culture and everyday life’ is taught as part of an online MA programme on Development Management to a group of... more
This paper is based on the experiences of teaching gender and diversity applying a team based approach. The course ‘gender, culture and everyday life’ is taught as part of an online MA programme on Development Management to a group of international students from Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The underlying thinking in the course is that the cultural diversity of the students in terms of nationalities and their different every-day life experiences providea good point of entry for discussing different understandings of gender roles and gender relations across cultures and social groups. In the course we try through the use of experience notes to encourage awareness of embodied and situated knowledge and to stimulate discussions that may move beyond general perceptions of gender relations in the field of development. We arguethat students seem to struggle with transferring such experience-based knowledge into overall discussions and thus also struggle with escaping the confi...
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ABSTRACT In the current context of climate change, discussions about tourism sustainability are gaining increased momentum. Over the past decade, some operators worldwide have started to certify their products and services as ecotourism... more
ABSTRACT In the current context of climate change, discussions about tourism sustainability are gaining increased momentum. Over the past decade, some operators worldwide have started to certify their products and services as ecotourism or sustainable tourism. A certification or approval is considered to be a sign of general high product quality as well as an indication of environmentally and socially sound products. In this research note, we examine three different ecotourism certification and approval systems – from Sweden, Costa Rica and Australia. The note is based on a literature review of three different approval systems, conducted parallel to the planning of the Norwegian approval system for ecotourism launched in 2008. We outline the criteria and standards required in the different programmes as well as the basic principles of how the three systems are organised, financed and implemented. The programmes’ strengths and weaknesses are briefly discussed, keeping a Scandinavian context in mind.
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... In Serengeti the paramount conservation issue has always been poaching (Loibooki et al., 2002). Estimates of illegal harvesting of large game like wildebeest range from 40,000 (Mduma et al., 1998) to as much as 210,000 (Campbell &... more
... In Serengeti the paramount conservation issue has always been poaching (Loibooki et al., 2002). Estimates of illegal harvesting of large game like wildebeest range from 40,000 (Mduma et al., 1998) to as much as 210,000 (Campbell & Hofer, 1995). ...
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Why did questions of indigenous rights and new indigenous development models emerge within the discourse of international agencies in this particular period? One important explanation is found in the historical context of Latin America at... more
Why did questions of indigenous rights and new indigenous development
models emerge within the discourse of international agencies in this particular period? One important explanation is found in the historical context of Latin America at the time. According to Van Cott (2008), new political movements emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a response to existing political parties’ failure to reduce poverty and inequality, the failure to protect citizens from crime and violence, and the failure to promote economic developmentand to protect human rights. The indigenous movements offered a critique ofneo-liberalism, of corruption as well as foreign, economic exploitation. Moreimportantly, they offered an alternative vision of respect for nature, government accountability, economic justice, social solidarity, collective identity and sovereignty
models emerge within the discourse of international agencies in this particular period? One important explanation is found in the historical context of Latin America at the time. According to Van Cott (2008), new political movements emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a response to existing political parties’ failure to reduce poverty and inequality, the failure to protect citizens from crime and violence, and the failure to promote economic developmentand to protect human rights. The indigenous movements offered a critique ofneo-liberalism, of corruption as well as foreign, economic exploitation. Moreimportantly, they offered an alternative vision of respect for nature, government accountability, economic justice, social solidarity, collective identity and sovereignty
