Background: Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has spread worldwide affecting tomato crop production in several countries. Although there are commercial ToBRFV-resistant tomato varieties; still, careful monitoring of its prevalence... more
Background: Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has spread worldwide affecting tomato crop production in several countries. Although there are commercial ToBRFV-resistant tomato varieties; still, careful monitoring of its prevalence is necessary for establishing feasible epidemiological control programs. Since Sonora has a strategic geographic location for tomato cultivation and export, studies on the detection and prevention of ToBRFV outbreaks are pertinent as part of the actions to achieve the eradication of this virus. Objective: To determine the recent prevalence of ToBRFV in tomato-producing areas of the state of Sonora, Mexico in the period 2021-2022, using a combination of molecular and serological tools. Methodology: Samples of tomato leaves and fruits were collected from commercial greenhouses in different regions of Sonora from September 2021 to June 2022. Forty-four tomato leaves and 42 seed samples were analyzed for ToBRFV using reverse transcriptase-polymerase cha...
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Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli threaten public health due to their virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Additionally, the virulence of this bacterium varies by region depending on environmental conditions, agricultural... more
Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli threaten public health due to their virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Additionally, the virulence of this bacterium varies by region depending on environmental conditions, agricultural practices, and the use of antibiotics and disinfectants. However, there is limited research on the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in agriculture. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolated from the Honeydew melon production system in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. Thirty-two E. coli strains were isolated from 445 samples obtained from irrigation water, harvested melons, the hands of packaging workers, boxes, and discarded melons. The resistance profile of the E. coli strains was carried out to 12 antibiotics used in antimicrobial therapeutics against this bacterium; a high level of resistance to ertapenem (100%) was detected, followed by meropenem (97%), and ampicillin (94%); 47% of the strains we...
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Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus can survive in various environments for 28 days or more, and that the virus dispersion by microdroplets in the air can be a risk of contagion, there is no evidence that food carries it. However, the... more
Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus can survive in various environments for 28 days or more, and that the virus dispersion by microdroplets in the air can be a risk of contagion, there is no evidence that food carries it. However, the authorities have recommended measures in the handling of food, to avoid the possible spread of the disease through it or its packaging. In addition, current certification models such as ISO 22000 and Good Manufacturing Practices have generated a culture of prevention and food safety also applicable to the SARS-CoV-2 risk.
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: The development of effective technologies to cope with persistent and progressive global problems in human health and sustainable development has become an imperative worldwide challenge. The search for natural alternatives has led to... more
: The development of effective technologies to cope with persistent and progressive global problems in human health and sustainable development has become an imperative worldwide challenge. The search for natural alternatives has led to the discovery of bacteriocins, which are potent protein antimicrobial compounds produced by most bacteria. The relevance of these molecules is evidenced by more than 4,500 papers published in the last decade in Scopus indexed journals highlighting their versatility and potential to impact various aspects of daily life, including the food industry, medicine, and agriculture. Bacteriocins have demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer activities, and they also act as microbiota regulators and plant growth promoters. This mini-review aims to provide insights into the current state and emerging roles of bacteriocins, as well as their potential and limitations as feasible solutions against current diverse global problems.
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The progressive increase of environmental temperature as a consequence of climate change is a challengefor the wine industry. Elevated temperatures during grape ripening affect the development of grape skincolor by inhibiting the... more
The progressive increase of environmental temperature as a consequence of climate change is a challengefor the wine industry. Elevated temperatures during grape ripening affect the development of grape skincolor by inhibiting the synthesis of pigments and promoting their degradation, which causes an imbalancein the chromatic quality of must and red wine. The application of pectic oligosaccharides (POs) and abscisicacid (ABA) triggers the phenylpropanoid pathway and increases the color index in grapes. Since the atharvestpigments and phenolic compounds are determinant for wine quality, this work addressed the preharvestapplication of POs and ABA as an in-field strategy for improving the quality of Syrah must andgrapes grown in a warm climate. The color development, physicochemical parameters, phenolic content,and pigments in berries and must were evaluated. Results showed POs and ABA improved berry colordevelopment and anthocyanin content during ripening. Musts from POs-treated berri...
Research Interests: Chemistry, Food Science, Wine, Abscisic Acid, Winemaking, and 5 moreBerry, Ripening, Anthocyanin, veraison, and petunidin
Abstract The aim of the present work was to control phytopathogens associated to mango decay by exposure to antifungal thyme oil-starch/agave fructans microcapsules in Nylon sachets. Fusarium pseudocircinatum, Alternaria alternata,... more
Abstract The aim of the present work was to control phytopathogens associated to mango decay by exposure to antifungal thyme oil-starch/agave fructans microcapsules in Nylon sachets. Fusarium pseudocircinatum, Alternaria alternata, Neofusicocum kwambonambiense, Cladosporium pseudocladosporioides, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were isolated from mango fruits and its mycelial growth was 100% inhibited with 5 μL of thyme oil. Thyme oil was microencapsulated with modified starch/agave fructans by spray drying. Thymol content, size, and shape of microcapsules were evaluated. Antifungal sachets were prepared by filling Nylon bags (4 × 4 cm) with different doses of thyme oil microcapsules: 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 g. The mycelial growth of all microorganisms was controlled with 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 g of antifungal sachets. The incidence (75 and 65%) and severity (77 and 41%) of C. gloeosporioides were effectively reduced in mango, respectively, using 0.10 and 0.20 g of antifungal sachets.
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The absence of good agricultural and manufacturing practices in the production and postharvest handling of fresh produce, such as green asparagus or green onions increase the contamination risk by biological hazards like Salmonella. The... more
The absence of good agricultural and manufacturing practices in the production and postharvest handling of fresh produce, such as green asparagus or green onions increase the contamination risk by biological hazards like Salmonella. The objective of this work was to investigate the efficacy of chlorine (200 and 250 ppm), hydrogen peroxide (1.5% and 2%), and lactic acid (1.5% and 2%) sanitisers during different exposure times (40, 60, and 90 s) on the reduction of Salmonella enterica subspecie enterica serovar Typhimurium in inoculated fresh green asparagus and green onions. Washing with clean water only reduced < 1 log10 CFU/g in both vegetables. The most effective sanitiser evaluated for fresh green asparagus and green onions disinfection appeared to be 2% lactic acid reducing Salmonella growth close to 3 log10 CFU/g. Hydrogen peroxide was the least effective agent for Salmonella Typhimurium reduction. No effect was observed of the exposure time of inoculated product to sanitise...
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... Martínez-Téllez, MA;Balandrán-Quintana, RR;Soto-Cerón, R.;Quintero-Ramos, A.;Márquez-Meléndez, R. Poliaminas y acondicionamiento térmico reducen daño por frío y ... y que el aumento en el tamaño del poro permitiría el acceso de otras... more
... Martínez-Téllez, MA;Balandrán-Quintana, RR;Soto-Cerón, R.;Quintero-Ramos, A.;Márquez-Meléndez, R. Poliaminas y acondicionamiento térmico reducen daño por frío y ... y que el aumento en el tamaño del poro permitiría el acceso de otras enzimas a su sustrato (Esteban et al ...
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BACKGROUNDGaseous fumigants are commonly employed to control fungal decay of cold‐stored grapes. So far it is not clear if these fumigants, besides the direct interaction against fungal structures, induce transcriptional responses of... more
BACKGROUNDGaseous fumigants are commonly employed to control fungal decay of cold‐stored grapes. So far it is not clear if these fumigants, besides the direct interaction against fungal structures, induce transcriptional responses of defensive markers. In order to contribute to understanding the mechanisms by which these fumigants exert their effect, we studied the influence of ozone (O3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on the decay caused by Botrytis cinerea, and the quality and expression of the defense‐related genes chitinase, β‐1,3‐glucanase and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) in the table grape cultivars ‘Redglobe’ and ‘Sugraone’.RESULTSThe application of SO2 or O3 delayed decay of both table grape cultivars caused by B. cinerea compared with the inoculated control. O3 treatments altered weight loss, firmness and shatter in both cultivars. Significant upregulation of chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase were observed in SO2‐treated ‘Redglobe’ berries stored at 2 °C. O3 treatment transientl...
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ABSTRACT: The effect of UV‐C irradiation time on total phenol, flavonoids, β‐carotene, ascorbic acid contents, and antioxidant capacity (ORAC, DPPH•) of fresh‐cut “Tommy Atkins” mango stored for 15 d at 5 °C was investigated. Fresh‐cut... more
ABSTRACT: The effect of UV‐C irradiation time on total phenol, flavonoids, β‐carotene, ascorbic acid contents, and antioxidant capacity (ORAC, DPPH•) of fresh‐cut “Tommy Atkins” mango stored for 15 d at 5 °C was investigated. Fresh‐cut mango was irradiated for 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 min prior to storage at 5 °C. UV‐C irradiation for 10 min induced a hypersensitive defense response resulting in the phenols and flavonoids accumulation which was positively correlated with ORAC and DPPH• values. However, β‐carotene and ascorbic acid content of fresh‐cut mangos decreased with irradiation time during storage. Antioxidant capacity (ORAC, DPPH•) was increased in fresh‐cut mangoes treated with UV‐C irradiation. In conclusion, UV‐C irradiation appears to be a good technique to improve the total antioxidant capacity of fresh‐cut mango.
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Low-temperature, nonfreezing, storage induces pitting and necrosis in the flavedo tissue of chilling susceptible citrus fruits. In this study the role of ethylene and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) in the cold-induced... more
Low-temperature, nonfreezing, storage induces pitting and necrosis in the flavedo tissue of chilling susceptible citrus fruits. In this study the role of ethylene and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) in the cold-induced citrus peel damage has been investigated. It has been shown that increasing PAL activity by applying ethylene at a nonchilling temperature did not cause fruit damage or reduce the incidence of this peel disorder when fruits were subsequently held at a chilling temperature (2 degrees C). The cold-induced peel damage was enhanced by applying inhibitors of PAL activity and ethylene synthesis and action. These results indicate that the induction of PAL and ethylene during fruit cold storage, but not before, plays a role in reducing the development of chilling symptoms. The cold-induced PAL activity was reduced by inhibitors of ethylene production, but inhibitors of ethylene action exerted little effect on the activation of this enzyme. Therefore, the activation of PAL may be dependent on ethylene but also an independent cold signal apparently related to the cold-induced peel damage.
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Research Interests: Chemistry, Carbon Dioxide, Medicine, Peroxidase, Glucose, and 15 moreFruit, Biochemical, Fructose, Relative Humidity, Enzyme, Angiosperms, Chilling Injury, Indexation, Polyphenol Oxidase, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase, Biochemistry and cell biology, Electrolyte Leakage, Averrhoa carambola, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, and Cold Temperature
Research Interests: Chemistry, Medicine, Glucose, Chlorophyll, Biochemical, and 15 moreFructose, Enzyme, Phenols, Ascorbic Acid, Carbohydrate metabolism, Low Temperature, Chilling Injury, Indexation, Methyl Jasmonate, Ions, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oxylipins, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, and lipoxygenase
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The effect of individual and combined supplementation of FA and GPM on physiological variables, productive performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs under heat stress conditions were investigated. Forty Yorkshire x Duroc... more
The effect of individual and combined supplementation of FA and GPM on physiological variables, productive performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs under heat stress conditions were investigated. Forty Yorkshire x Duroc pigs (80.23 kg) were individually housed and randomly distributed into 4 groups under a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (n=10): Control (basal diet, BD); FA, BD + 25 mg FA; GPM, BD with 2.5% GPM; and MIX, BD with 25 mg FA and 2.5% GPM. Additives were supplemented for 31 days. The inclusion of FA or GPM did not modify rectal temperature and respiratory rate. An interaction effect (P <0.05) was observed on FI, while average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion (FC) were not affected by treatments (P >0.05). The inclusion of FA improved hot and cold carcass weight and carcass yields, while the addition of GPM decreased the marbling (P <0.05), and GPM tended to increase loin area (P <0.10). GPM increased liver weight (p <0.05). The addition o...
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Foodborne illness outbreaks caused by consuming cantaloupe melon contaminated with Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 are recurrent. The objective of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the combination of... more
Foodborne illness outbreaks caused by consuming cantaloupe melon contaminated with Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 are recurrent. The objective of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the combination of chitosan (Q) and extracellular metabolites of Pediococcus pentosaceus CM175 (EmPp) on the surface of cantaloupe against E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium. The minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations (MIC and MBC) of Q and EmPp were determined by the method of microdilution in broth and viability in plate, respectively. The antimicrobial effect derived from the combination of Q and EmPp was evaluated using the chessboard technique. The antimicrobial activity of the different treatments in cantaloupe was performed employing plate counting. The viability and membrane integrity of S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 after treatments application were observed by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that MIC and MBC of Q against S. ...
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Abstract The possible role of abscisic acid (ABA) and peel colour in chilling tolerance of 'Fortune'mandarins has been examined. Fruit stored at 2· 5 C, but not at 12 C, showed pitting damage. The degree of damage changed... more
Abstract The possible role of abscisic acid (ABA) and peel colour in chilling tolerance of 'Fortune'mandarins has been examined. Fruit stored at 2· 5 C, but not at 12 C, showed pitting damage. The degree of damage changed considerably during development and maturity ...
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Plants are highly vulnerable to thermal stress due to global warming. Under heat stress, the plant enzymatic antioxidant system is affected, leading to the b...
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Research Interests: Biology, Chitosan, Growth, Immunity, Disease resistance, and 15 moreInhibition, Antifungal Activity, Nicotiana Tabacum, Crecimiento, Inmunidad, Elicitor, Inhibicion, Sclerotium, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase, Quitosano, Induced Resistance, Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fungal Diseases, and Actividad Antifúngica
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1,3-β-glucanase is an enzyme involved in fungal cell wall construction, division septum deposition and ascospore wall assembly. Hence, the 1,3-β-glucanase is a target site to develop into new generations of natural antifungal agents. With... more
1,3-β-glucanase is an enzyme involved in fungal cell wall construction, division septum deposition and ascospore wall assembly. Hence, the 1,3-β-glucanase is a target site to develop into new generations of natural antifungal agents. With the aim of seeking antifungal compounds in plant extracts, we implemented a simple and sensitive assay to detect inhibitors of endo-1,3-β-glucanase from crude plant extracts. The assay, especially useful for screen large number of crude plant extracts, is based on the diffusion of glucanase enzyme from wells through agarosa gel containing the enzyme substrate (laminarin). As the substrate is depolymerized, glucanase diffuses outward in a radial manner leaving a circular zone around the well, unstained by dye calcofluor. A linear relationship between the diameter of hydrolyzed zone and pure enzyme concentration, provide the basis for the method. Results of the assay using plant extracts obtained in methanol or dichloromethane are discussing.
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Ethephon and naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) were applied for two consecutive seasons to 17 year old pecan trees cv. Western Schley, on the Coast of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. The effect on crop quality and harvest advancement was evaluated.... more
Ethephon and naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) were applied for two consecutive seasons to 17 year old pecan trees cv. Western Schley, on the Coast of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. The effect on crop quality and harvest advancement was evaluated. In experiment I treatments were: 1) 500 + 300 ppm, 2) 800 + 300 ppm, 3) 500 + 0 ppm, of ethephon + NAA, respectively, and 4) control samples. The best response was obtained with the 800 + 300 treatment, which did not defoliate and improved nut quality. Experiment II: The mixture 800+300 ppm was applied at 3 different times: a) at the physiological maturity index (PMI) of pecan nuts, b) 10 days after PMI, and c) 21 days after PMI. The aplication of 800+300 ppm at 10 days after PMI presented 100% of shuck dehiscence. It also advanced harvest by 2 weeks and improved pecan kernel color.
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Información del artículo Mecanismos de defensa inducidos por O3 y SO2 para reducir el deterioro causado por Botrytis cinerea en uva de mesa cv. «Red Globe».
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Resumen es: Plantas de tabaco, variedad Criollo 98 fueron asperjadas a los 30 dias de sembradas (dds) con diferentes concentraciones (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 y 2.5 g.L-1) de ...
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La crioconservacion ha revolucionado el campo de la biotecnologia. Congelar en nitrogeno liquido (NL) preserva celulas por largo tiempo. En ese sentido, en este trabajo se evaluaron tres condiciones de crioconservacion basados en la... more
La crioconservacion ha revolucionado el campo de la biotecnologia. Congelar en nitrogeno liquido (NL) preserva celulas por largo tiempo. En ese sentido, en este trabajo se evaluaron tres condiciones de crioconservacion basados en la vitrificacion de yemas de vid. Las yemas fueron sometidas a PVS2, PVS3 y glicerol por 0-420 min, y colocadas en NL por una hora. De modo posterior a cada tiempo de incubacion se cuantifico la perdida de iones como medida de viabilidad y se evaluo el dano mediante observacion en estereoscopio. Basados en el porcentaje de viabilidad el mejor metodo fue empleando PVS3 (30% viabilidad), seguido de glicerol (25%) y PVS2 (<10%). Las imagenes de las yemas expuestas a PVS3 no muestran dano en el tejido, a diferencia de PVS2 y glicerol, los cuales resultaron insuficientes para preservar el tejido. Estos resultados sugieren que el protocolo utilizando PVS3 puede ser considerado para la preservacion de yemas de vid.
Resumen es: En este trabajo se evaluaron las respuestas fisiologicas asociadas con la manifestacion de los sintomas de dano por frio (DF), en frutos de melon canta...