research-article

Realistic perspective projections for virtual objects and environments

Authors:

Frank Steinicke,

Scott KuhlAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), Volume 30, Issue 5

Article No.: 112, Pages 1 - 10

https://doi.org/10.1145/2019627.2019631

Published: 22 October 2011 Publication History

Abstract

Computer graphics systems provide sophisticated means to render virtual 3D space to 2D display surfaces by applying planar geometric projections. In a realistic viewing condition the perspective applied for rendering should appropriately account for the viewer's location relative to the image. As a result, an observer would not be able to distinguish between a rendering of a virtual environment on a computer screen and a view “through” the screen at an identical real-world scene. Until now, little effort has been made to identify perspective projections which cause human observers to judge them to be realistic.

In this article we analyze observers' awareness of perspective distortions of virtual scenes displayed on a computer screen. These distortions warp the virtual scene and make it differ significantly from how the scene would look in reality. We describe psychophysical experiments that explore the subject's ability to discriminate between different perspective projections and identify projections that most closely match an equivalent real scene. We found that the field of view used for perspective rendering should match the actual visual angle of the display to provide users with a realistic view. However, we found that slight changes of the field of view in the range of 10-20% for two classes of test environments did not cause a distorted mental image of the observed models.

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Cited By

Wang LCai SSandor C(2023)Perceptual thresholds of visual size discrimination in augmented and virtual realityComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2023.10.001117(105-113)Online publication date: Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2023.10.001
Kohm KBabu SPagano CRobb A(2022)Objects May Be Farther Than They Appear: Depth Compression Diminishes Over Time with Repeated Calibration in Virtual RealityIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2022.320311228:11(3907-3916)Online publication date: Nov-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2022.3203112
Vermeer JScandolo LEisemann E(2021)Stochastic-Depth Ambient OcclusionProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512684:1(1-15)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
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Index Terms

Realistic perspective projections for virtual objects and environments
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Image and video acquisition
        3D imaging
  2. Computer graphics
    1. Animation

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics

ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 30, Issue 5

October 2011

198 pages

ISSN:0730-0301

EISSN:1557-7368

DOI:10.1145/2019627

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2011 ACM.

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Association for Computing Machinery

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Publication History

Published: 22 October 2011

Accepted: 01 June 2011

Received: 01 February 2011

Published in TOG Volume 30, Issue 5

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Cited By

Wang LCai SSandor C(2023)Perceptual thresholds of visual size discrimination in augmented and virtual realityComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2023.10.001117(105-113)Online publication date: Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2023.10.001
Kohm KBabu SPagano CRobb A(2022)Objects May Be Farther Than They Appear: Depth Compression Diminishes Over Time with Repeated Calibration in Virtual RealityIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2022.320311228:11(3907-3916)Online publication date: Nov-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2022.3203112
Vermeer JScandolo LEisemann E(2021)Stochastic-Depth Ambient OcclusionProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512684:1(1-15)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3451268
Jiang HWang SBi HLv XZhao BWang ZWang Z(2021)Synthesizing Indoor Scene Layouts in Complicated Architecture Using Dynamic Convolution NetworksProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512674:1(1-16)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3451267
Xie TOlano M(2021)Real-time Subsurface Control VariatesProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512654:1(1-18)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
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Chermain XLucas SSauvage BDischler JDachsbacher C(2021)Real-Time Geometric Glint Anti-Aliasing with Normal Map FilteringProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512574:1(1-16)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
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Hofmann NHasselgren JClarberg PMunkberg J(2021)Interactive Path Tracing and Reconstruction of Sparse VolumesProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512564:1(1-19)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
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Shi RLiang HWu YYu DXu W(2021)Virtual Reality Sickness Mitigation MethodsProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512554:1(1-16)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3451255
Yang ZYin Z(2021)Efficient Hyperparameter Optimization for Physics-based Character AnimationProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/34512544:1(1-19)Online publication date: 28-Apr-2021
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