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Gain-based technology mapping for discrete-size cell libraries

Published: 02 June 2003 Publication History

Abstract

In this paper we describe a technology mapping technique based on the logical effort theory [13]. First, we appropriately characterize a given standard cell library and extract from it a set of cell classes. Each cell-class is assigned a constant-delay model and corresponding load-bounds, which define the conditions of the delay model's validity. Next, we perform technology mapping using the classes determined in the first step. We propose several effective area-optimization heuristics which allow us to apply our algorithm directly to general graphs. Experimental results show that our gain-based mapping algorithm achieves reduced delay with less area, compared to the mapper in SIS [15]. By adjusting the constant delay model associated with each class, we determine the area-delay trade-off curve. We achieve the best area-delay trade-off using a design-specific constant delay models.

References

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F. Beeftink, P. Kudva, D. Kung, and L. Stok, "Gate-Size Selection for Standard Cell Libraries", in Proc ICCAD, 1998, pp. 545--550.
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K. D. Boese, A. B. Kahng, and S. Mantik, "On the relevance of Wire Load Models", Proc. SLIP 2001, pp. 91--98.
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K. Chaudhary, M. Pedram, "A Near-Optimal Algorithm for Technology Mapping Minimizing Area under Delay Constraints", in Proc. DAC, 1992, pp. 492--498.
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J. Grodstein, E. Lehman, H. Harkness, B. Grundmann, Y. Watanabe, "A Delay Model for Logic Synthesis of Continuously-Sized Networks", in Proc. ICCAD, pp. 458--462, 1995.
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C. M. Hoffman and M. J. O'Donnell, "Pattern Matching in Trees", Journal of the Association for Computing Machinary, pages 68--95, January 1982.
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D. J. Jongeneel, R. Otten, Y. Watanabe, and R. K. Brayton, "Area and Search Space Control for Technology Mapping", DAC 2000.
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K. Keutzer, "DAGON: Technology Binding and Local Optimization by DAG Matching". Proc DAC, 1987, pp.341--347.
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Y. Kukimoto, R. K. Brayton, P. Sawkar, "Delay-optimal technology mapping by dag covering", Proc. DAC, June 1998.
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E. Lehman, Y. Watanabe, J. Grodstein, and H. Harkness, "Logic Decomposition during Technology Mapping", IEEE Transactions on Computer Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, pages 813--833, 1997.
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A. Lu, G. Stenz, H. Eisenmann, F. M. Johannes, "Technology mapping for simultaneous gate and interconnect Optimization", IEE Proc. -Comput. Digit. Tech. Vol. 146, No. 1. 1, Jan. 1999.
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P. Rezvani, A. H. Ajami, M. Pedram, and H. Savoj, "LEOPARD: A Logical Effort-based fanout OPtimizer for Area and Delay", in Proc. ICCAD, 1999, pp. 516--518.
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R. Rudell, "Logic Synthesis for VLSI Design", Memo UCB/ERL M89/49, U. C. Berkeley, 1989.
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I. Sutherland, R. Sproull, "The theory of logical effort: designing for speed on the back of an envelope", Advanced Research in VLSI, 1991.
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L. Stok, M. A. Iyer, and A.J. Sullivan, "Wavefront technology mapping", Proc. DATE, pp. 531--536, 1999.
[15]
E. Sentovich, K. Singh, C. Moon, H. Savoj, R. Brayton, and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, "Sequential circuit design using synthesis and optimization", in IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Design, 1992.
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H. J. Touati, "Performance Oriented Technology Mapping", Ph. D thesis, UC Berkeley, 1990, pp. 79--97.

Cited By

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  • (2023)AiMap: Learning to Improve Technology Mapping for ASICs via Delay Prediction2023 IEEE 41st International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD)10.1109/ICCD58817.2023.00059(344-347)Online publication date: 6-Nov-2023
  • (2016)Technology Mapping Method Using Integer Linear Programming for Low Power Consumption and High Performance in General-Synchronous FrameworkIEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences10.1587/transfun.E99.A.1366E99.A:7(1366-1373)Online publication date: 2016
  • (2009)Low-power fanout optimization using multi threshold voltages and multi channel lengthsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2009.201399228:4(478-489)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009
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cover image ACM Conferences
DAC '03: Proceedings of the 40th annual Design Automation Conference
June 2003
1014 pages
ISBN:1581136889
DOI:10.1145/775832
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Published: 02 June 2003

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Author Tags

  1. gain
  2. logic effort
  3. technology mapping

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Cited By

View all
  • (2023)AiMap: Learning to Improve Technology Mapping for ASICs via Delay Prediction2023 IEEE 41st International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD)10.1109/ICCD58817.2023.00059(344-347)Online publication date: 6-Nov-2023
  • (2016)Technology Mapping Method Using Integer Linear Programming for Low Power Consumption and High Performance in General-Synchronous FrameworkIEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences10.1587/transfun.E99.A.1366E99.A:7(1366-1373)Online publication date: 2016
  • (2009)Low-power fanout optimization using multi threshold voltages and multi channel lengthsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2009.201399228:4(478-489)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2009
  • (2008)Logic synthesis for reducing leakage power consumption under workload uncertaintyProceedings of the 12th WSEAS international conference on Circuits10.5555/1576429.1576496(351-355)Online publication date: 22-Jul-2008
  • (2008)Technology Mapping Using Logical Effort for Solving the Load-Distribution ProblemIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2007.90706727:1(45-58)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2008
  • (2007)Congestion Optimization During Technology Mapping and Logic SynthesisRouting Congestion in VLSI Circuits: Estimation and Optimization10.1007/0-387-48550-3_6(189-229)Online publication date: 2007
  • (2006)Gain-based technology mapping for minimum runtime leakage under input vector uncertaintyProceedings of the 43rd annual Design Automation Conference10.1145/1146909.1147046(522-527)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2006
  • (2006)System-on-Chip Design: Engineering or Art2006 25th International Conference on Microelectronics10.1109/ICMEL.2006.1650978(372-379)Online publication date: 2006
  • (2005)Fast comparisons of circuit implementationsIEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems10.1109/TVLSI.2005.86272713:12(1329-1339)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2005
  • (2004)Logical effort based technology mappingProceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design10.1109/ICCAD.2004.1382611(419-422)Online publication date: 7-Nov-2004

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