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Generalized resampled importance sampling: foundations of ReSTIR

Authors:

Markus Kettunen,

Benedikt Bitterli,

Jacopo Pantaleoni,

Chris WymanAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), Volume 41, Issue 4

Article No.: 75, Pages 1 - 23

https://doi.org/10.1145/3528223.3530158

Published: 22 July 2022 Publication History

Abstract

As scenes become ever more complex and real-time applications embrace ray tracing, path sampling algorithms that maximize quality at low sample counts become vital. Recent resampling algorithms building on Talbot et al.'s [2005] resampled importance sampling (RIS) reuse paths spatiotemporally to render surprisingly complex light transport with a few samples per pixel. These reservoir-based spatiotemporal importance resamplers (ReSTIR) and their underlying RIS theory make various assumptions, including sample independence. But sample reuse introduces correlation, so ReSTIR-style iterative reuse loses most convergence guarantees that RIS theoretically provides.

We introduce generalized resampled importance sampling (GRIS) to extend the theory, allowing RIS on correlated samples, with unknown PDFs and taken from varied domains. This solidifies the theoretical foundation, allowing us to derive variance bounds and convergence conditions in ReSTIR-based samplers. It also guides practical algorithm design and enables advanced path reuse between pixels via complex shift mappings.

We show a path-traced resampler (ReSTIR PT) running interactively on complex scenes, capturing many-bounce diffuse and specular lighting while shading just one path per pixel. With our new theoretical foundation, we can also modify the algorithm to guarantee convergence for offline renderers.

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Cited By

Tong XHachisuka T(2024)Efficient Image-Space Shape Splatting for Monte Carlo RenderingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368794343:6(1-11)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
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Index Terms

Generalized resampled importance sampling: foundations of ReSTIR
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Computer graphics
    1. Rendering

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cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics

ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 41, Issue 4

July 2022

1978 pages

ISSN:0730-0301

EISSN:1557-7368

DOI:10.1145/3528223

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Published: 22 July 2022

Published in TOG Volume 41, Issue 4

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Cited By

Tong XHachisuka T(2024)Efficient Image-Space Shape Splatting for Monte Carlo RenderingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368794343:6(1-11)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3687943
Choi HHong SHa IKang NMoon B(2024)Online Neural Denoising with Cross-Regression for Interactive RenderingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368793843:6(1-12)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3687938
Tokuyoshi YIkeda SKulkarni PHarada T(2024)Hierarchical Light Sampling with Accurate Spherical Gaussian LightingSIGGRAPH Asia 2024 Conference Papers10.1145/3680528.3687647(1-11)Online publication date: 3-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3680528.3687647
Tatzgern WWeinrauch AStadlbauer PMueller JWinter MSteinberger M(2024)Radiance Caching with On-Surface Caches for Real-Time Global IlluminationProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/36753827:3(1-17)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3675382
Lee FJhang JChang C(2024)Photon-Driven Manifold SamplingProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/36753757:3(1-16)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3675375
Werner MSchüßler VDachsbacher C(2024)ReSTIR Subsurface Scattering for Real-Time Path TracingProceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques10.1145/36753727:3(1-19)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3675372
Li YZhu CNichols GKutz PHuang WAdler DBurley BTeece D(2024)Cache Points for Production-Scale Occlusion-Aware Many-Lights Sampling and Volumetric ScatteringProceedings of the 2024 Digital Production Symposium10.1145/3665320.3670993(1-19)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2024
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Stucki SAckermann P(2024)Physically-based Path Tracer using WebGPU and OpenPBRProceedings of the 29th International ACM Conference on 3D Web Technology10.1145/3665318.3677158(1-6)Online publication date: 25-Sep-2024
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Darke AOlander IKim TBurbano AWest R(2024)More Than Killmonger Locs: A Style Guide for Black Hair (in Computer Graphics)ACM SIGGRAPH 2024 Courses10.1145/3664475.3664535(1-251)Online publication date: 27-Jul-2024
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Zhang SLin DKettunen MYuksel CWyman C(2024)Area ReSTIR: Resampling for Real-Time Defocus and AntialiasingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/365821043:4(1-13)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2024
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