- Flinders University
South Australia - 0408 802 198
- Professor Mark Staniforth has broad experience in historical archaeology, maritime archaeology and museums in a caree... moreProfessor Mark Staniforth has broad experience in historical archaeology, maritime archaeology and museums in a career that spans more than thirty years. Mark is currently an Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University. He is the author of Material Culture and Consumer Society published by Plenum Press of New York in 2003, he is the editor (with Mike Nash in 2006) of Maritime Archaeology: Australian Approaches (Plenum Press. New York) and editor (with Mike Hyde in 2001) of Maritime Archaeology in Australia: A Reader (Southern Archaeology. Blackwood, SA.) He has published more than 100 publications in Australian and International journals in a thirty year career in maritime archaeology.
Mark was the State government maritime archaeologist for the Victoria Archaeological Survey in Victoria (1982-1987) and curator of maritime archaeology at the Australian National Maritime Museum in Sydney (1987-1993). He has worked as a consultant for the Australian Commonwealth government (National Historic Shipwrecks Research Plan 1995), the Canadian federal government (advice on national shipwreck legislation), the NSW state government (Parramatta River Survey), for the Hobsons Bay Council in Victoria (pipeline watching brief) and for the Land Management Corporation (Port Adelaide Waterfront Redevelopment Project) Mark has conducted archaeological survey and excavation in all Australian states as well as overseas, both underwater and on land across a wide range of archaeological sites.
Mark is a professional member of ICOMOS and an expert member of two ICOMOS International Scientific Committees – ICOMOS-ICUCH (International Committee on the Underwater Cultural Heritage) and ICOMOS-ICAHM (International Committee on Archaeological Heritage Management). He was elected as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 2012. He has been the Chair of the NSW State government’s Maritime Archaeology Advisory Panel (MAAP) 1988-1993), the president of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology (AIMA 1985-87) and the Australian Association for Maritime History (AAMH 1998-2003). He has served for two terms on the Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology (ACUA 2000-2008) including three years as deputy Chair (2001-2003) and three years as Chair (2004-2007).edit
Recent decades have witnessed an expansion of archaeological activity under water and in the coastal zone.There has also been a realisation of the threats to this material from human and natural action. This period of relatively rapid... more
Recent decades have witnessed an expansion of archaeological activity under water and in the coastal zone.There has also been a realisation of the threats to this material from human and natural action. This period of relatively rapid change has increased pressure on governments, heritage groups and agencies, coastal zone managers and sea users to formulate approaches to managing the maritime cultural heritage.
This volume presents a range of international initiatives that include examples of management responses to regional, national and international situations. They demonstrate approaches to the quantification of the resource through the collection, recording, interpretation and storage of data, the promotion of the submerged heritage through access and public involvement, and challenges of legislative frameworks, varying national and international priorities, and divergent approaches to funding.
In addition to presenting responses to management themes and issues, this volume also discusses the principle challenges facing maritime archaeology, which have relevance not just in the UK but across the globe.
This volume presents a range of international initiatives that include examples of management responses to regional, national and international situations. They demonstrate approaches to the quantification of the resource through the collection, recording, interpretation and storage of data, the promotion of the submerged heritage through access and public involvement, and challenges of legislative frameworks, varying national and international priorities, and divergent approaches to funding.
In addition to presenting responses to management themes and issues, this volume also discusses the principle challenges facing maritime archaeology, which have relevance not just in the UK but across the globe.
Research Interests:
Subject areas discussed in this book include shipwrecks and abandoned vessels, underwater site formation processes, maritime infrastructure and industries such as whaling, submerged aircraft and Australian Indigenous sites underwater. The... more
Subject areas discussed in this book include shipwrecks and abandoned vessels, underwater site formation processes, maritime infrastructure and industries such as whaling, submerged aircraft and Australian Indigenous sites underwater. The application of National and State legislation and management regimes to these underwater cultural heritage sites is also highlighted. The contributors of this piece have set the standard for the practice in Australia from which others can learn.
Content Level » Professional/practitioner
Related subjects » Archaeology & Anthropology
Contents - Maritime Archaeology in Australasia.- Theoretical Approaches.- Artifact Studies.- Thematic Studies in Australian Maritime Archaeology.- Individual Shipwreck Site Case Studies.- Maritime Archaeology at the Land-Sea Interface.- Underwater Archaeology.- Nautical Archaeology in Australia, the Indian Ocean and Asia.- The Ethics and Values of Maritime Archaeology.- Historic Shipwrecks Legislation.- Innovative Approaches in Underwater Cultural Heritage Management.- Maritime Museums and Maritime Archaeological Exhibitions.- Cultural Tourism and Diver Education.
Content Level » Professional/practitioner
Related subjects » Archaeology & Anthropology
Contents - Maritime Archaeology in Australasia.- Theoretical Approaches.- Artifact Studies.- Thematic Studies in Australian Maritime Archaeology.- Individual Shipwreck Site Case Studies.- Maritime Archaeology at the Land-Sea Interface.- Underwater Archaeology.- Nautical Archaeology in Australia, the Indian Ocean and Asia.- The Ethics and Values of Maritime Archaeology.- Historic Shipwrecks Legislation.- Innovative Approaches in Underwater Cultural Heritage Management.- Maritime Museums and Maritime Archaeological Exhibitions.- Cultural Tourism and Diver Education.
Research Interests:
Throughout history, material goods have been valued for more than their usefulness; they have also been symbols of status and wealth. During the colonial period of Australia, material goods took on an even more important role for the new... more
Throughout history, material goods have been valued for more than their usefulness; they have also been symbols of status and wealth. During the colonial period of Australia, material goods took on an even more important role for the new arrivals to the island. Material Culture and Consumer Society argues that material goods were a necessary adjunct to the successful colonization of Australia demonstrating that it was necessary to establish trade networks that provided adequate supplies of culturally 'appropriate' food, drink and other consumer goods for the newly arrived colonists. Material goods were used:
* to distinguish the colonists from Indigenous groups ;
* to reassure the colonists about their place in the world;
* to help establish the colonists' own networks of social relations.
Material Culture and Consumer Society contends that the role of consumption and the part played by material goods were more important to the negotiation of social position in the colonies than in the homeland. This work will be of interest to underwater, historical and cultural archaeologists, social historians, cultural heritage managers, and graduate students of these fields.
Content Level » Research
Related subjects » Archaeology & Anthropology
"Staniforth's work offers particular strengths to those engaged in the study of consumer society and capitalism...this work will remain important as part of the bridge between land and sea."
(Stacy C. Kozakavich, Historical Archaeology)
* to distinguish the colonists from Indigenous groups ;
* to reassure the colonists about their place in the world;
* to help establish the colonists' own networks of social relations.
Material Culture and Consumer Society contends that the role of consumption and the part played by material goods were more important to the negotiation of social position in the colonies than in the homeland. This work will be of interest to underwater, historical and cultural archaeologists, social historians, cultural heritage managers, and graduate students of these fields.
Content Level » Research
Related subjects » Archaeology & Anthropology
"Staniforth's work offers particular strengths to those engaged in the study of consumer society and capitalism...this work will remain important as part of the bridge between land and sea."
(Stacy C. Kozakavich, Historical Archaeology)
Research Interests:
Dependent Colonies: The importation of material culture and the establishment of a consumer society in Australia before 1850. This thesis uses an archaeological perspective to examine the ways in which a consumer society became... more
Dependent Colonies: The importation of material culture and the establishment of a consumer society in Australia before 1850.
This thesis uses an archaeological perspective to examine the ways in which a consumer society became established in the Australian colonies between 1788 and the middle of the 19th century. It argues that in order to successfully colonise places like Australia it was necessary to establish trade networks that provided adequate supplies of culturally ‘appropriate’ food, drink and other consumer goods for the newly arrived population. This thesis suggests that there were three inter-related reasons why newly arrived colonists needed material culture and its associated meanings: first, to distinguish themselves from Indigenous groups; second, to reassure themselves about their place in the world; and third, to help establish their own networks of social relations. It contends that the role of consumption and the part played by material goods were more important to the negotiation of social position in the colonies than in the homeland. Furthermore this thesis demonstrates that four principal factors structured consumer preference: the quantity, variety, type and quality of goods available to them.
This research is concerned with the symbolic and cognitive meanings: the underlying, or embedded, meanings as well as the meanings that were attached food, drink and other consumer goods. It provides a theoretical and methodological model for the systematic analysis of consumer goods that can be used to better understand cultural aspects of colonial settlement. The analytical framework draws on applications of Annales approaches to archaeology in what is termed the ‘archaeology of the event’ and the holistic approach undertaken in this thesis places the specificity of the event within the wider social context.
This thesis integrates both maritime and historical archaeology in order to follow the life trajectories of artefacts and to explore their changing meanings over time and between cultures. A major part of the archaeological data used in this research is drawn from the assemblages of four post-settlement shipwrecks excavated in Australian waters during the past 30 years: Sydney Cove, James Matthews, William Salthouse and Eglinton.
This thesis uses an archaeological perspective to examine the ways in which a consumer society became established in the Australian colonies between 1788 and the middle of the 19th century. It argues that in order to successfully colonise places like Australia it was necessary to establish trade networks that provided adequate supplies of culturally ‘appropriate’ food, drink and other consumer goods for the newly arrived population. This thesis suggests that there were three inter-related reasons why newly arrived colonists needed material culture and its associated meanings: first, to distinguish themselves from Indigenous groups; second, to reassure themselves about their place in the world; and third, to help establish their own networks of social relations. It contends that the role of consumption and the part played by material goods were more important to the negotiation of social position in the colonies than in the homeland. Furthermore this thesis demonstrates that four principal factors structured consumer preference: the quantity, variety, type and quality of goods available to them.
This research is concerned with the symbolic and cognitive meanings: the underlying, or embedded, meanings as well as the meanings that were attached food, drink and other consumer goods. It provides a theoretical and methodological model for the systematic analysis of consumer goods that can be used to better understand cultural aspects of colonial settlement. The analytical framework draws on applications of Annales approaches to archaeology in what is termed the ‘archaeology of the event’ and the holistic approach undertaken in this thesis places the specificity of the event within the wider social context.
This thesis integrates both maritime and historical archaeology in order to follow the life trajectories of artefacts and to explore their changing meanings over time and between cultures. A major part of the archaeological data used in this research is drawn from the assemblages of four post-settlement shipwrecks excavated in Australian waters during the past 30 years: Sydney Cove, James Matthews, William Salthouse and Eglinton.
Research Interests:
Monograph (46 pages) on the Chinese export porcelain component of the cargo of the Sydney Cove wrecked in 1797 on a voyage from Calcutta in India to Port Jackson (Sydney), Australia.
Research Interests:
Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and... more
Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and other timbers and to suit the requirements of local and regional mercantile commerce. Establishing the identity and biography of colonial shipbuilders is key to understanding the processes that underpin shipbuilding development. Shipbuilding in the Williams River area of NSW and the schooner Clarence have been selected as a case study of shipbuilding in the early Australian colonies.
Research Interests: History, Maritime Archaeology, Maritime History, Australian History, Underwater Archaeology, and 6 moreAustralian Maritime History, Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, Shipbuilding, Underwater Cultural Heritage Management, Maritime and Underwater Archaeology, and Society for Historical Archaeology
Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and... more
Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and other timbers and to suit the requirements of local and regional mercantile commerce. Establishing the identity and biography of colonial shipbuilders is key to understanding the processes which underpin shipbuilding development. This paper considers shipbuilding in the Williams River area of NSW and in southern Tasmania as two case studies in shipbuilding in the early Australian colonies.
Research Interests:
The Australian Historic Shipwreck Preservation Project has been awarded a large ARC (Australian Research Council) Linkage grant (LP110200184) to investigate the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of wrecks and their associated... more
The Australian Historic Shipwreck Preservation Project has been awarded a large ARC (Australian Research Council) Linkage grant (LP110200184) to investigate the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of wrecks and their associated artefacts, which are considered to be at risk. This project will focus on Clarence (1850), a historically significant colonial wooden trading vessel located in Victorian internal waters near St Leonards in Port Phillip. The overarching theoretical focus will be on shipwreck site formation models and the project brings together the disciplines of behavioural archaeology, maritime archaeology, conservation sciences and maritime object conservation.
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To date only two countries (Iran and Cambodia) out of the 46 countries in the Asia and the Pacific region have ratified the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001. This is the lowest rate of... more
To date only two countries (Iran and Cambodia) out of the 46 countries in the Asia and the Pacific region have ratified the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001. This is the lowest rate of ratification of any UNESCO region (less than 5%). What are the factors affecting the ratification, or more importantly the lack of ratification, of the 2001 Convention in the Asia and the Pacific region? What might be done to increase the numbers of ratifications? In the absence of ratification, what can be done to improve the situation in the region with regard to maritime archaeology, the protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) and the underlying practices of the 2001 Convention such as the Annex? This presentation considers the factors affecting ratification and presents a particular case study of international cooperation in Vietnam. It then suggests some critical success factors for good collaboration and cooperation.
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Training Manual for the UNESCO Foundation Course on the Protection and Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage in Asia and the Pacific is a fruit of a UNESCO regional capacity-building project to protect and manage underwater... more
Training Manual for the UNESCO Foundation Course on the Protection and Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage in Asia and the Pacific is a fruit of a UNESCO regional capacity-building project to protect and manage underwater archaeological sites through the establishment of a regional Centre of Excellence, funded by the Royal Government of Norway. It provides a consistent curriculum for Foundation Courses and a high standard of delivery of the training units. It also provides future trainers with a framework that enables them to create personalized presentations, practical sessions and assessments. UNESCO, in collaboration with the Underwater Archaeology Division of the Fine Arts Department, Ministry of Culture, Thailand, and ICOMOS-ICUCH, has established the Asia-Pacific Regional Field Training Centre on Underwater Cultural Heritage in Chanthaburi Province, Thailand, and from 2009 to 2011 hosted three Foundation Courses and two Advanced Course concerning the protection of the u...
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Indigenous populations around the world have made extensive use of the coastal zone for tens of thousands of years. Rising sea-level since the Last Gacial Maximum (LGM) have seen vast areas of what were once terrestrial cultural... more
Indigenous populations around the world have made extensive use of the coastal zone for tens of thousands of years. Rising sea-level since the Last Gacial Maximum (LGM) have seen vast areas of what were once terrestrial cultural landscapes transformed into submerged (or underwater) cultural landscapes. Innundated terrestrial archaeological sites, however, can result from a number of other natural processes, as well as rising sea-levels, including earthquakes (such as
106 Archaeology Research in Underwater Archaeology: some challenges and approaches for the future Mark Staniforth Maritime Archaeology Program, Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, AUSTRALIA... more
106 Archaeology Research in Underwater Archaeology: some challenges and approaches for the future Mark Staniforth Maritime Archaeology Program, Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, AUSTRALIA Abstract. Abstract: This ...
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This paper considers abandoned ships in Australia primarily using data obtained from two research projects conducted by staff and students in the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia - the Garden... more
This paper considers abandoned ships in Australia primarily using data obtained from two research projects conducted by staff and students in the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia - the Garden Island Ships’ Graveyard Project (GISG) and the Abandoned Ships Project (ASP). These two projects involved the compilation of a database, partly based on historical sources, which revealed the potential for over 1500 abandoned watercraft sites in Australia, and partly based on archaeological information, from the inspection of the remains of more than 120 deliberately discarded vessels. This data was used to assess the correlation between discard activities and economic, social, and technological events. The logistics of discard, as reflected in commentaries describing discard procedures, and as seen in the archaeological signatures of these events, were also examined. This information was used to illustrate the causal relationships between landscape, economic trends, regulatory frameworks and cultural site formation processes associated with harm minimisation, placement assurance, salvage and discard activities. The fieldwork was initiated by one author (Staniforth) and much of the fieldwork was carried out as part of the other author’s doctoral research (Richards, 2002; 2008).
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Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and... more
Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial
shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic
and other timbers and to suit the requirements of local and regional mercantile commerce. Establishing the identity
and biography of colonial shipbuilders is key to understanding the processes that underpin shipbuilding development.
Shipbuilding in the Williams River area of NSW and the schooner Clarence have been selected as a case study of
shipbuilding in the early Australian colonies.
shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic
and other timbers and to suit the requirements of local and regional mercantile commerce. Establishing the identity
and biography of colonial shipbuilders is key to understanding the processes that underpin shipbuilding development.
Shipbuilding in the Williams River area of NSW and the schooner Clarence have been selected as a case study of
shipbuilding in the early Australian colonies.
Research Interests:
An international research group including researchers from, or associated with, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A & M University, the Field Museum in Chicago, the University of Colorado, Denver as well as Monash University,... more
An international research group including researchers from, or associated with, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A & M University, the Field Museum in Chicago, the University of Colorado, Denver as well as Monash University, Murdoch University and Flinders University in Australia have worked in Vietnam. Since 2008 this international team has worked together with Vietnamese researchers from the Institute of Archaeology (Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences) to conduct maritime archaeological and related projects, currently under the provisions of a formal five-year agreement. Research is being conducted on archaeological, and other sites, associated with two highly significant naval battles where the armed forces of Chinese Emperor Kublai Khan were defeated in 1288 A.D. at the Bach Dang River and near the ancient port of Van Don.
The Bach Dang River and Van Don Naval battlefields research project forms a part of a larger effort that involves Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) training, capability building, awareness raising and developing multi-disciplinary research approaches working under the general banner of the Vietnam Maritime Archaeology Project (VMAP). Since 2008 the research team has conducted preliminary investigations of the available historical sources, maps, charts and aerial photographs as well as archaeological and geophysical survey complemented by test excavations and stratigraphic coring at both Bach Dang River and Van Don. Research seasons between 2008 and 2010 have been previously been reported by the principal investigators. This paper outlines four short seasons of archaeological research, conducted between 2011 and 2014, around the two areas where the Bach Dang River and Van Don battles took place.
The Bach Dang River and Van Don Naval battlefields research project forms a part of a larger effort that involves Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) training, capability building, awareness raising and developing multi-disciplinary research approaches working under the general banner of the Vietnam Maritime Archaeology Project (VMAP). Since 2008 the research team has conducted preliminary investigations of the available historical sources, maps, charts and aerial photographs as well as archaeological and geophysical survey complemented by test excavations and stratigraphic coring at both Bach Dang River and Van Don. Research seasons between 2008 and 2010 have been previously been reported by the principal investigators. This paper outlines four short seasons of archaeological research, conducted between 2011 and 2014, around the two areas where the Bach Dang River and Van Don battles took place.
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• "ارزیابی اثرات زیست محیطی" فرآیندی رسمی می باشد که به منظور پیشبینی عواقب احتمالی (مثبت یا منفی) یک فعالیت، سیاست، برنامه، پروژه و یا طرح توسعه، قبل از به اجرا در آمدن آن، صورت می پذیرد = "پیروی از مقررات".
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Since 2008 an international research team working with archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology (IA) has employed collaborative, multi-disciplinary approaches to community engagement, awareness raising, cooperative training and... more
Since 2008 an international research team working with archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology (IA) has employed collaborative, multi-disciplinary approaches to community engagement, awareness raising, cooperative training and capacity building activities associated with underwater cultural heritage in Vietnam. This helps Vietnam to preserve, protect and valorize underwater cultural heritage by capitalizing on the annual presence of experienced maritime archaeologists, and other researchers, conducting the Bach Dang river and Van Don Battlefield Research Project.
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Seafaring has been a truly “international’ activity for a very long time and this has involved ships travelling across long distances between what, today, are different countries. Vietnam has probably been involved in more than 2,000... more
Seafaring has been a truly “international’ activity for a very long time and this has involved ships travelling across long distances between what, today, are different countries. Vietnam has probably been involved in more than 2,000 years of international seafaring activity. As a result, somewhere along the Vietnamese coast are the remains of vessels that came from the Arab world, China, Japan, the USA, Portugal, France, the Netherlands and Great Britain in addition to locally, or regionally, built vessels.
Shared, or mutual, heritage is about recognizing that other nations can, and do, have interests in the heritage located within a particular country’s jurisdiction. Because seafaring has involved vessels from so many different countries, dealing with shared underwater cultural heritage often takes on more importance than for other forms of heritage on land.
This paper considers shared underwater cultural heritage in Vietnam through case studies related to four 17th century Dutch shipwrecks, belonging to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), that are believed to have been wrecked within Vietnam’s jurisdiction. Vietnam has an opportunity to recognize other countries’ interests in underwater cultural heritage and could benefit from international collaboration in investigating such sites of shared underwater cultural heritage.
Shared, or mutual, heritage is about recognizing that other nations can, and do, have interests in the heritage located within a particular country’s jurisdiction. Because seafaring has involved vessels from so many different countries, dealing with shared underwater cultural heritage often takes on more importance than for other forms of heritage on land.
This paper considers shared underwater cultural heritage in Vietnam through case studies related to four 17th century Dutch shipwrecks, belonging to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), that are believed to have been wrecked within Vietnam’s jurisdiction. Vietnam has an opportunity to recognize other countries’ interests in underwater cultural heritage and could benefit from international collaboration in investigating such sites of shared underwater cultural heritage.
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This paper outlines the role played by ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites), which is an international non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to the conservation of the world's cultural monuments and sites and... more
This paper outlines the role played by ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites), which is an international non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to the conservation of the world's cultural monuments and sites and specifically in awareness raising and training related to underwater cultural heritage protection. ICOMOS membership requires an individual to be a practicing cultural heritage professional or have professional qualifications in the fields of conservation or preservation such as architect, archaeologist, town planner, and engineer, administrator of heritage, art historian or archivist. ICOMOS International Scientific Committees (ISCs) (such as ICUCH) are the vehicles through which ICOMOS brings together, develops and serves its worldwide membership according to their fields of specialized interest. ICOMOS expects the ISCs to be at the heart of scientific inquiry and exchange in their domains and to share knowledge among them to foster multi-disciplinary approaches to heritage protection and management. ICUCH (International Committee on Underwater Cultural Heritage) was founded in 1991 by ICOMOS Australia to promote international cooperation in the protection and management of underwater cultural heritage and to advise ICOMOS on issues related to underwater cultural heritage around the world. ICUCH currently has ten members from the Asia and the Pacific region and this paper will discuss the role of ICUCH in the region. Furthermore ICUCH’s mission will only be achieved in conjunction with other stakeholders, such as the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS). NAS training aims to increase public awareness at local, provincial and national levels about the extent and nature of underwater and maritime cultural heritage as well as about underwater and maritime archaeology.
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From AD 1274 Chinese emperor Kublai Khan dispatched fleets of ships in a series of attempts to expand the empire's hegemony and extend his rule into East Asia (Japan) and Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Champa and Java). Archaeological remains... more
From AD 1274 Chinese emperor Kublai Khan dispatched fleets of ships in a series of attempts to expand the empire's hegemony and extend his rule into East Asia (Japan) and Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Champa and Java). Archaeological remains associated with the fleets and battles have been found at Takashima Island, Japan and on the Bạch Ðằng River, Vietnam. This paper develops a thematic approach to these sites within a framework of naval battlefield archaeology. It compares the similarities and differences in environmental conditions and archaeological contexts of the two sites in Japan and Vietnam. It also outlines recent archaeological research conducted between 2008 and 2010 on the physical remains at the Bạch Ðằng River battlefield site.
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The Australian Historic Shipwreck Preservation Project (AHSPP) is a collaborative national project funded by an Australian Research Council Linkage Grant, which began in early 2012. With ten state, territory and federal Partner... more
The Australian Historic Shipwreck Preservation Project (AHSPP) is a collaborative national project funded by an Australian Research Council Linkage Grant, which began in early 2012. With ten state, territory and federal Partner Organisations working with three universities, this is the largest inter-institutional maritime archaeological project run so far in Australia.
Research Interests: Maritime Archaeology, Historic Preservation, Cultural Heritage Management, Underwater Archaeology, Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, and 4 moreUnderwater Archaeology Method, In Situ Conservation of Coastal & Underwater Heritage Sites, Underwater Cultural Heritage Management, and Maritime and Underwater Archaeology
Australian wooden shipwrecks represent significant submerged heritage sites with huge potential to inform on historic connections, technological innovation and early colonial behavioural systems. Their archaeological potential is... more
Australian wooden shipwrecks represent significant submerged heritage sites with huge potential to inform on historic connections, technological innovation and early colonial behavioural systems. Their archaeological potential is unfortunately often under severe threat from natural and human impacts. The Australian Historic Shipwrecks Protection Project has recently been granted a large ARC (Australian Research Council) Linkage grant to investigate the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of wrecks and their associated artefacts, which are considered at risk. This project will focus on Clarence (1850), a historically significant colonial wooden trading vessel and brings together the disciplines of behavioural archaeology, maritime archaeology, conservation sciences and maritime object conservation. The vessel lies in Port Phillip Bay in Victoria only a few hours from Melbourne by boat and by land. The overarching theoretical focus will be on shipwreck site formation models as well as the potential of wooden historic wrecks and assemblages to elucidate early colonial history and shipbuilding.
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Vietnam has thousands of kilometres of coastline, and may have thousands of shipwrecks. Many of these wrecks would be loaded with archaeologically fascinating and significant items. But the country has struggled to preserve its underwater... more
Vietnam has thousands of kilometres of coastline, and may have thousands of shipwrecks. Many of these wrecks would be loaded with archaeologically fascinating and significant items. But the country has struggled to preserve its underwater cultural heritage. To date the protection and preservation of Vietnam’s underwater cultural heritage, such as shipwrecks, has had a low priority.
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Unit 5 – Desk based assessment by H. K. Van Tilburg & M. Staniforth; Unit 6 -Significance Assesment by M.R. Manders, H. K. Van Tilburg & M. Staniforth; Unit 18 – Archaeological Publication by H. K. Van Tilburg & M. Staniforth.
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""The study and preservation of Australia’s neglected and decaying historic shipwrecks stands to leap in sophistication through a new multi-disciplinary project. Bringing in expertise from behavioural archaeology, maritime archaeology,... more
""The study and preservation of Australia’s neglected and decaying historic shipwrecks stands to leap in sophistication through a new multi-disciplinary project. Bringing in expertise from behavioural archaeology, maritime archaeology, conservation sciences and maritime object conservation, the Australian Historic Shipwreck Protection Project (AHSPP) aims to set new national and international benchmarks in historic shipwreck management.
The three-year project is primarily funded by the Australian Research Council with supplementary sponsorship from public and private organisations (AHSPP). It investigates the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of degrading and at-risk wrecks and their associated artefacts, and could reveal much about technological innovation in the colonial period. The AHSPP will focus on a particular shipwreck site at risk – the colonial schooner Clarence in Port Phillip. The ill-fated Clarence – built in 1841 and sunk in 1850 (with accusations of insurance fraud) – is considered ideal for study. It has already been extensively monitored by Heritage Victoria for more than 25 years and was partially test excavated in the 1980s.""
The three-year project is primarily funded by the Australian Research Council with supplementary sponsorship from public and private organisations (AHSPP). It investigates the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of degrading and at-risk wrecks and their associated artefacts, and could reveal much about technological innovation in the colonial period. The AHSPP will focus on a particular shipwreck site at risk – the colonial schooner Clarence in Port Phillip. The ill-fated Clarence – built in 1841 and sunk in 1850 (with accusations of insurance fraud) – is considered ideal for study. It has already been extensively monitored by Heritage Victoria for more than 25 years and was partially test excavated in the 1980s.""
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"""Archaeologists from the University of the Ryukyus in Japan have discovered part of a 13th century ship that apparently belonged to Mongolian warlord Kublai Khan. The ship is believed to be a remnant of a fleet that took part in one of... more
"""Archaeologists from the University of the Ryukyus in Japan have discovered part of a 13th century ship that apparently belonged to Mongolian warlord Kublai Khan. The ship is believed to be a remnant of a fleet that took part in one of Kublai Khan’s failed attempts to invade Japan, in 1274 or 1281. The discovery could provide archaeologists and historians with new insights into medieval shipbuilding and about Kublai Khan’s multiple invasion attempts. The wreck of the 20-metre-long vessel was discovered under 25 metres of water and one metre of sand, in waters off Takashima Island in Matsuura, Nagasaki prefecture. The archaeologists uncovered a 12-metre-long section of keel and more than 4,000 artifacts, including ceramic shards, bricks used for ballast, cannonballs and stone anchors.
Since 2008 an international research team, the Bach Dang Battlefield Research Group – comprised of archaeologists and scholars from around the world (myself included) – has conducted archaeological surveys and excavations at the Bach Dang River in north Vietnam. The 1288 naval battle at Bach Dang occurred after the Mongol invaders captured the capital Thang Long (now Hanoi). We have been investigating the topography, archaeological evidence and later memorials, temples and shrines associated with this historically significant naval battle.
"""
Since 2008 an international research team, the Bach Dang Battlefield Research Group – comprised of archaeologists and scholars from around the world (myself included) – has conducted archaeological surveys and excavations at the Bach Dang River in north Vietnam. The 1288 naval battle at Bach Dang occurred after the Mongol invaders captured the capital Thang Long (now Hanoi). We have been investigating the topography, archaeological evidence and later memorials, temples and shrines associated with this historically significant naval battle.
"""
Research Interests:
""This paper examines the impact of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 2001 Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001 Convention) on leadership in maritime archaeology in... more
""This paper examines the impact of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 2001 Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001 Convention) on leadership in maritime archaeology in the Asia-Pacific region. This paper describes one model for the implementation of Article 21 (Training in Underwater Archaeology) of the Convention 2001, which involves teaching and training of maritime archaeologists in the Asia-Pacific region. The model involves the AusAID funded Australian Leadership Awards (ALA) – Fellowships Flinders University Intensive Program in Underwater Cultural Heritage Management (UCHM).
The Maritime Archaeology Program at Flinders University was awarded funding from AusAID, the Australian federal government’s overseas aid organization, to bring 11 mid-career professionals involved in maritime archaeology from the Asia-Pacific region to Australia for a 6 week training program in early 2009. Mid-career professional training fits squarely into the philosophy of flexibility that underpins the teaching of maritime archaeology at Flinders University, as well as going some way to fulfilling social justice and equity aspirations. It is hoped that this model can be adopted and adapted by other countries and organizations in the Asia-Pacific region as the basis for effective collaboration and co-operation in the training and teaching of underwater archaeologists.""
The Maritime Archaeology Program at Flinders University was awarded funding from AusAID, the Australian federal government’s overseas aid organization, to bring 11 mid-career professionals involved in maritime archaeology from the Asia-Pacific region to Australia for a 6 week training program in early 2009. Mid-career professional training fits squarely into the philosophy of flexibility that underpins the teaching of maritime archaeology at Flinders University, as well as going some way to fulfilling social justice and equity aspirations. It is hoped that this model can be adopted and adapted by other countries and organizations in the Asia-Pacific region as the basis for effective collaboration and co-operation in the training and teaching of underwater archaeologists.""
Research Interests:
The Mongols created the world’s most powerful empire in the thirteenth century, conquering China and establishing the Yuan dynasty. Their military power was in doubt, however, after failed naval invasions in Japan and Vietnam. According... more
The Mongols created the world’s most powerful empire in the thirteenth century, conquering China and establishing the Yuan dynasty. Their military power was in doubt, however, after failed naval invasions in Japan and Vietnam. According to historical records, the Vietnamese tactics used against the Mongolian Armada were designed to prevent them from reaching the mouth of Bach Dang River by using hidden stakes that were driven into the riverbed in secrecy. Using the large difference in tides, the Vietnamese successfully lured the enemy fleet into the trap, destroying or capturing perhaps as many as 400 vessels. Since the 1950s, approximately 700 years after this watershed event, Vietnamese archaeologists have discovered a number of large wooden stakes in the midst of reclaimed paddy fields along the Bach Dang River. Excavations and research were conducted which led to the identification of several stake-yard sites believed to be dated to the battle that took place in 1281 C.E., however, no remains of ships have been identified to date.
In 2009, a group of scholars from the Institute of Archaeology at Hanoi, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A&M University, and the Maritime Archaeology Program at Flinders University joined the archaeological investigations of these stake-yard sites with a focus on studying the battle strategy used by the Vietnamese and identifying ship remains from the battle. This joint paper will present an intermediate result of this international cooperative project in maritime archaeology in Vietnam at the naval battle site related to the thirteenth century Mongolian invasion of the country. The team has identified several new areas of concentrated stakes and the distribution pattern may lead to better understanding of the battle and the possible location of shipwreck sites.
In 2009, a group of scholars from the Institute of Archaeology at Hanoi, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A&M University, and the Maritime Archaeology Program at Flinders University joined the archaeological investigations of these stake-yard sites with a focus on studying the battle strategy used by the Vietnamese and identifying ship remains from the battle. This joint paper will present an intermediate result of this international cooperative project in maritime archaeology in Vietnam at the naval battle site related to the thirteenth century Mongolian invasion of the country. The team has identified several new areas of concentrated stakes and the distribution pattern may lead to better understanding of the battle and the possible location of shipwreck sites.
Research Interests:
"Australian wooden shipwrecks represent significant submerged heritage sites with huge potential to inform on historic connections, technological innovation and early colonial behavioural systems. Their archaeological potential is... more
"Australian wooden shipwrecks represent significant submerged heritage sites with huge potential to inform on historic connections, technological innovation and early colonial behavioural systems. Their archaeological potential is unfortunately often under severe threat from natural and human impacts. The Australian Historic Shipwreck Protection Project has recently been granted a large ARC (Australian Research Council) Linkage grant to investigate the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of wrecks and their associated artefacts, which are at risk. This project will focus on Clarence (1850), a historically significant colonial wooden trading vessel, and brings together the disciplines of behavioural archaeology, maritime archaeology, conservation sciences and maritime object conservation. The vessel lies in Port Phillip Bay in Victoria only a few hours from Melbourne by boat and by land. The overarching theoretical focus will be on shipwreck site formation models as well as the potential of wooden historic wrecks and assemblages to elucidate early colonial history and shipbuilding.
One of the main aims of the project is to try and develop a protocol for the rapid excavation, detailed recording and subsequent in-situ preservation of significant shipwrecks and their associated artefacts, at risk. This work will foster the development of a consistent national methodology for shipwreck and artefact storage and preservation underwater and assist in developing a strategy for the in-situ preservation of endangered historic shipwrecks. This work will also be critical to the future development of national, and possibly international, policy and technical guidelines for site managers of historic wrecks."
One of the main aims of the project is to try and develop a protocol for the rapid excavation, detailed recording and subsequent in-situ preservation of significant shipwrecks and their associated artefacts, at risk. This work will foster the development of a consistent national methodology for shipwreck and artefact storage and preservation underwater and assist in developing a strategy for the in-situ preservation of endangered historic shipwrecks. This work will also be critical to the future development of national, and possibly international, policy and technical guidelines for site managers of historic wrecks."
Research Interests:
""BBC News has revealed that a shipwreck containing 200 tonnes of silver has been found in the Atlantic Ocean, 500 kilometres off the west coast of Ireland. It’s the largest haul of precious metal ever discovered at sea and is believed to... more
""BBC News has revealed that a shipwreck containing 200 tonnes of silver has been found in the Atlantic Ocean, 500 kilometres off the west coast of Ireland. It’s the largest haul of precious metal ever discovered at sea and is believed to be worth approximately $200 million. The wreck is of the SS Gairsoppa, a UK cargo ship sunk by a German U-boat in 1941, and was found by US “marine archaeology” and exploration company Odyssey Marine Exploration. But is this really a case of “marine” or “maritime archaeology”? Or is it just treasure hunting?
The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage came into force in January 2009 having been ratified by the required 20 countries. As of September 2011, 40 nations have ratified the Convention. The Convention stresses the need for preservation, management, scientific investigation, and public education of our underwater cultural heritage.
""
The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage came into force in January 2009 having been ratified by the required 20 countries. As of September 2011, 40 nations have ratified the Convention. The Convention stresses the need for preservation, management, scientific investigation, and public education of our underwater cultural heritage.
""
Research Interests:
Everything has a history and even a "prehistory", and so a brief history, and prehistory of maritime activity around the coastline of the world's largest island is perhaps appropriate here (Broeze 1998). The first point that needs to be... more
Everything has a history and even a "prehistory", and so a brief history, and prehistory of maritime activity around the coastline of the world's largest island is perhaps appropriate here (Broeze 1998). The first point that needs to be made is that Australia is and, as far as human history and prehistory is concerned, always has been an island, completely surrounded by the sea. It has no terrestrial boundaries with any other nation and no land bridges to anywhere not, as far as we know, has it has in the last 2000,000 years or so. Australia is quintessentially a maritime nation where sea travel and transportation has been vitally important and, to a certain extent, even in the age of the airplane, it still is. Certainly until the twentieth century everyone, or their ancestors, and literally every"thing" or artefact that was not made there arrived by sea.
Research Interests:
This paper examines the impact of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001) on education in maritime archaeology ion the Asia-Pacific region. It suggests that the bringing into force of the 2001 UNESCO... more
This paper examines the impact of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001) on education in maritime archaeology ion the Asia-Pacific region. It suggests that the bringing into force of the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage on 2 Jan 2009 provides great challenges to the way in which teaching maritime archaeology will be conducted in the future. By providing a framework of standards of practice and encouraging nations to collaborate and co-operate in maritime archaeological teaching the UNESCO Convention 2001 will fundamentally change the ways in which the teaching of maritime archaeology is conducted in many countries of the world. This paper describes one model for the implementation of Article 21 (Training in Underwater Archaeology) of the UNESCO Convention 2001 which it is hoped will provide the basis for effective collaboration and co-operation in the teaching of maritime archaeologists in the Asia-Pacific region. The model is being developed in association with the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS), ICUCH (ICOMOS Committee on Underwater Cultural Heritage) and UNESCO as well as universities in the Asia-Pacific region.
Research Interests:
Alcohol consumption was one of the primary ways in which the nineteenth century middle-class distinguished themselves from the working-class. The working-class were perceived by the middle-class as drunken good-for-nothings whose... more
Alcohol consumption was one of the primary ways in which the nineteenth century middle-class distinguished themselves from the working-class. The working-class were perceived by the middle-class as drunken good-for-nothings whose situation in life was brought about by their own intemperance. Drinking was central to the notion of respectability and the negotiation of one's position in society. As the middle-class used alcohol to define their position so did elements of the working-class. Their voice, however, was often not heard or was misinterpreted. Three assemblages from Port Adelaide tell two different stories - one of indifference to temperance and the other of actively using temperance to elevate social standing.
Research Interests:
Shipwreck environments cannot be regarded as merely the passive resting place for material remains but rather as the active driving force that dictates the preservation and stability of these remains. The recent coming into force of the... more
Shipwreck environments cannot be regarded as merely the passive resting place for material remains but rather as the active driving force that dictates the preservation and stability of these remains. The recent coming into force of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001) emphasizes the need for in situ preservation as the primary method for the long-term preservation of underwater cultural heritage (Carducci 2006). The in situ preservation approach, however, is not new. For many years maritime archaeologists, underwater cultural heritage managers and conservators have been pushing in situ preservation as the best practice standard for submerged archaeological remains, whether for economic reasons, curatorial reasons, or simply because or advancements in the field. In addition to the application of various in situ methods, research on efficiently applying in situ preservation continues to progress. This paper will briefly review the range of in situ preservation methods followed by a discussion on current research pertaining to in situ preservation.
Research Interests:
The Abandoned Ships’ Project (ASP) was a research initiative of the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University, South Australia, and carried out in conjunction with the doctoral research of one of the authors (Richards 2002). The... more
The Abandoned Ships’ Project (ASP) was a research initiative
of the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University, South
Australia, and carried out in conjunction with the doctoral
research of one of the authors (Richards 2002). The project
involved the compilation of a database of more than 1,500
discarded and partly dismantled watercraft sites, including
information from the archaeological inspection of more than
120 deliberately discarded ships. Researchers used this data
to assess the degree of correlation between discard activities
and economic, social, and technological issues. The logistics
of discard were also examined as refl ected in commentaries
describing discard processes and as seen in the archaeological
signatures of these events. This information illustrated the
causal relationships among processes (landscape, economic
trends, regulatory frameworks, and cultural site formation)
associated with harm minimization, placement assurance,
salvage, and discard activities.
of the Department of Archaeology at Flinders University, South
Australia, and carried out in conjunction with the doctoral
research of one of the authors (Richards 2002). The project
involved the compilation of a database of more than 1,500
discarded and partly dismantled watercraft sites, including
information from the archaeological inspection of more than
120 deliberately discarded ships. Researchers used this data
to assess the degree of correlation between discard activities
and economic, social, and technological issues. The logistics
of discard were also examined as refl ected in commentaries
describing discard processes and as seen in the archaeological
signatures of these events. This information illustrated the
causal relationships among processes (landscape, economic
trends, regulatory frameworks, and cultural site formation)
associated with harm minimization, placement assurance,
salvage, and discard activities.
The most common mechanism by which underwater archaeological sites throughout the world are protected is by using cultural heritage legislation. In 1982 the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provided that ‘States... more
The most common mechanism by which underwater archaeological sites throughout the world are protected is by using cultural heritage legislation. In 1982 the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provided that ‘States have the duty to protect objects of an archaeological and historical nature found at sea and shall cooperate for this purpose’. National and state or provincial governments have the right to enact and enforce legislation and regulations for the protection and preservation of underwater cultural heritage lying in or under their internal waters, territorial seas and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), in some cases as far out as the edge of the Continental Shelf. In more recent years, multilateral attempts to control activity on, and to create standards for the conduct of archaeological research on, underwater cultural heritage sites, such as shipwrecks, have led to the creation of firstly the ICOMOS Charter for the Protection and Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage secondly, and perhaps more significantly, the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Between 2 and 13 February 2010, Flinders University Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) conducted both terrestrial and maritime surveys of selected areas within Sceale Bay and Streaky Bay on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. The 2010... more
Between 2 and 13 February 2010, Flinders University Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) conducted both terrestrial and maritime surveys of selected areas within Sceale Bay and Streaky Bay on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. The 2010 was conducted as a follow-up on the 2009 remote sensing survey that investigated the locations of two whaling vessels, Elizabeth Rebecca and Arachne, which are believed to have been lost in the area in the period 1844 to 1848. The 2010 fieldwork consisted of terrestrial remote sensing, pedestrian surveys, underwater circle searches and side scan sonar searches.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
"What has been learned from the detailed study of cargo material found on merchant shipwreck sites in Australia? Some extensive collections of shipwreck cargo material have resulted from archaeological excavations by maritime... more
"What has been learned from the detailed study of cargo material found on merchant shipwreck sites in Australia? Some extensive collections of shipwreck cargo material have resulted from archaeological excavations by maritime archaeologists over the past 30 years or so. Other collections have been created by SCUBA divers, primarily before the introduction of the Commonwealth (Federal) Historic Shipwrecks Act in 1976. Many of these have now been documented as a result of the 1993 amnesty. The relationship between cargo artifacts from archaeologically excavated shipwrecks and similar artifacts found on terrestrial historical archaeological sites is explored through a consideration of the meanings attached to these objects, suggesting ways that artifact studies focused on shipwreck cargo material can contribute to understandings of colonial societies, the nature of capitalism, and the rise of consumerism.
This journal article argues that successful colonial settlement was only possible where there was a regular supply of suitable consumer goods for the newly arrived colonists."
This journal article argues that successful colonial settlement was only possible where there was a regular supply of suitable consumer goods for the newly arrived colonists."
Research Interests:
This paper considers four case studies related to late eighteenth and nineteenth century Royal Navy vessels and associated underwater cultural heritage material located within Australian jurisdiction. The first considers some of the... more
This paper considers four case studies related to late eighteenth and nineteenth century Royal Navy vessels and associated underwater cultural heritage material located within Australian jurisdiction. The first considers some of the material left on a reef-top in the Great Barrier Reef after HMB Endeavour ran aground in 1770. The second looks at the site of HMS Sirius (1790), the flagship of the First Fleet, which is located in shallow water off one of Australia’s territories – Norfolk Island. The third examines the archaeological investigations of the frigate HMS Pandora (1791), a site forever linked in the popular imagination to the mutiny on the Bounty. The final case study is one of future possibility which currently has no physical reality – the possibility of locating the remains of HMS Sappho (1858).
Research Interests:
""Submerged cultural resource managers have a daunting task; balance the protection of the underwater cultural heritage without denying or unfairly restricting economic development of the coastal zone. Underwater archaeological resources... more
""Submerged cultural resource managers have a daunting task; balance the protection of the underwater cultural heritage without denying or unfairly restricting economic development of the coastal zone. Underwater archaeological resources such as historic shipwrecks and submerged prehistoric sites can and have been impacted by fi shing, farming, and energy development — both ‘traditional’ (i.e. hydrocarbon-based) and ‘renewable’ (i.e. wind, water, and thermal).
This journal article discusses the numerous stakeholders involved in the utilization of coastal and underwater resources, and how archaeological sites are mapped, managed, mitigated for and preserved within the pursuit of marine resources.""
This journal article discusses the numerous stakeholders involved in the utilization of coastal and underwater resources, and how archaeological sites are mapped, managed, mitigated for and preserved within the pursuit of marine resources.""
Research Interests:
"In recent years the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University has developed an innovative work-integrated learning program, in association with industry partners that includes fieldwork opportunities and internships (work... more
"In recent years the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University has developed an innovative work-integrated learning program, in association with industry partners that includes fieldwork opportunities and internships (work placements). This is largely in response to suggestions from consultancy companies and government agencies about the lack of job-ready skills among maritime archaeology graduate students. This is a very flexible program that aims to provide students with opportunities of at least two weeks and up to 3 months to develop both fieldwork skills and more general work practices.
This journal article will argue that work-integrated learning assists the graduates to get a position and then helps them to do well in that job. Participating in daily work practices and experiencing fieldwork are seen as keys in producing work-ready graduates."
This journal article will argue that work-integrated learning assists the graduates to get a position and then helps them to do well in that job. Participating in daily work practices and experiencing fieldwork are seen as keys in producing work-ready graduates."
Research Interests:
"The coming into force of the 2001 UNESCO Convention marks the beginning of a process whereby it will become an important international instrument for the protection and management of the world’s fragile, finite and irreplaceable... more
"The coming into force of the 2001 UNESCO Convention marks the beginning of a process whereby it will become an important international instrument for the protection and management of the world’s fragile, finite and irreplaceable underwater cultural heritage. The meeting conducted some of the groundwork needed to establish multilateral working procedures for the Convention including the establishment of an Advisory Body. Unfortunately the Asia-Pacific region is lagging behind some parts of the world (such as Latin America and the Caribbean) in terms of ratifications (just one so far – Cambodia) but we can expect more Asia-Pacific countries to ratify in the next few
years.
One important issue for the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University will arise from Article 21 of the Convention which states: Parties shall cooperate in the provision of training in underwater archaeology, in techniques for the conservation of underwater cultural heritage and, on agreed terms, in the transfer of technology relating to underwater cultural heritage.
The successful Round 3 ALA Fellowship Program that MAP recently ran has been applauded by both ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) and UNESCO as an effective way of raising the level of training in underwater cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific region. We look forward to being able to run ALA Fellowship Programs and other training in underwater cultural heritage in the future."
years.
One important issue for the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University will arise from Article 21 of the Convention which states: Parties shall cooperate in the provision of training in underwater archaeology, in techniques for the conservation of underwater cultural heritage and, on agreed terms, in the transfer of technology relating to underwater cultural heritage.
The successful Round 3 ALA Fellowship Program that MAP recently ran has been applauded by both ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) and UNESCO as an effective way of raising the level of training in underwater cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific region. We look forward to being able to run ALA Fellowship Programs and other training in underwater cultural heritage in the future."
Research Interests:
This Summer Update 2009 will focus on the people who work and study or have studied in the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University. It has brief biographies of MAP staff including Mark Staniforth, Jennifer McKinnon,... more
This Summer Update 2009 will focus on the people who work and study or have studied in the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University. It has brief biographies of MAP staff including Mark Staniforth, Jennifer McKinnon, Emily Jateff and John Naumann and PhD candidates Jun Kimura, James Hunter, Debra Shefi and Adam Paterson as well as some of our MAP alumni like Jessica Berry, Rhonda Steel, Matt Carter and Amer Khan.
Research Interests:
""Maritime archaeology is a multi-faceted discipline that requires both theoretical learning and practical skills training. In the past most universities have approached the teaching of maritime archaeology as a full-time on-campus... more
""Maritime archaeology is a multi-faceted discipline that requires both theoretical learning and practical skills training. In the past most universities have approached the teaching of maritime archaeology as a full-time on-campus activity designed for ‘traditional’ graduate students; primarily those in their early twenties who have recently come from full-time undergraduate study and who are able to study on-campus. The needs of
mature-age and other students who work and live in different places (or countries) and therefore cannot attend lectures on a regular basis (or at all) have largely been ignored.
This journal article provides a case study in the teaching of maritime archaeology from Australia that, in addition to ‘traditional’ on-campus teaching, includes four main components: (1) learning field methods through field schools; (2) skills training through the AIMA/NAS avocational training program; (3) distance learning topics available through CD-ROM and using the Internet; and (4) practicums, internships and fellowships. The author argues that programs to teach maritime archaeology in the twenty first century need to be flexible and to address the diverse needs of students who do not fit the ‘traditional’ model. This involves collaborative partnerships with other universities as well as government underwater cultural heritage management agencies and museums, primarily through field
schools, practicums and internships.""
mature-age and other students who work and live in different places (or countries) and therefore cannot attend lectures on a regular basis (or at all) have largely been ignored.
This journal article provides a case study in the teaching of maritime archaeology from Australia that, in addition to ‘traditional’ on-campus teaching, includes four main components: (1) learning field methods through field schools; (2) skills training through the AIMA/NAS avocational training program; (3) distance learning topics available through CD-ROM and using the Internet; and (4) practicums, internships and fellowships. The author argues that programs to teach maritime archaeology in the twenty first century need to be flexible and to address the diverse needs of students who do not fit the ‘traditional’ model. This involves collaborative partnerships with other universities as well as government underwater cultural heritage management agencies and museums, primarily through field
schools, practicums and internships.""
Research Interests:
The Department of Archaeology at Flinders University is currently the only university department in Australia to develop and sustainably undertake an integrated program of teaching in maritime archaeology from undergraduate to research... more
The Department of Archaeology at Flinders University is currently the only university department in Australia to develop and sustainably undertake an integrated program of teaching in maritime archaeology from undergraduate to research higher degree level. The Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) started more than a decade ago with a single academic staff member and even now only has two permanent academic staff. Over that time, MAP has developed a reputation for producing job-ready graduates whose skills are firmly based on practical fieldwork-based training and work-integrated learning and the program has become widely recognised at national and international level as outstanding in the field of teaching maritime archaeology. Since its inception, MAP has been solidly based on a collaborative model which involves practicing maritime archaeologists and underwater cultural heritage managers within the teaching program, in particular in the area of helping to develop student field and work skills. While the principal aim is to provide students with opportunities to develop work and field skills in maritime archaeology, it will be argued that there are also benefits to the individuals and agencies involved in this collaboration.
Research Interests:
"In Australia (and New Zealand) the earliest contact between Europeans and Indigenous peoples was commonly between Europeans pursuing a whale fishery and the local Indigenous populations. The arrival of the whalers often represented first... more
"In Australia (and New Zealand) the earliest contact between Europeans and Indigenous peoples was commonly between Europeans pursuing a whale fishery and the local Indigenous populations. The arrival of the whalers often represented first contact - their interactions and exchanges made the beach a dangerous and contested ground - of beginnings and endings, of comings and goings.
This book chapter uses historical and archaeological evidence from whaling research in Canada, New Zealand and Australia to argue that there are two models of European whaler activity - the whaler/farmer model and the seasonal model. It argues that the seasonal model common in southern Australia - where whaling was a seasonal, hunting enterprise, and the uses that the two groups had for the whale, resulted in some examples of collaborative interactions as well as the more common conflict between the two groups."
This book chapter uses historical and archaeological evidence from whaling research in Canada, New Zealand and Australia to argue that there are two models of European whaler activity - the whaler/farmer model and the seasonal model. It argues that the seasonal model common in southern Australia - where whaling was a seasonal, hunting enterprise, and the uses that the two groups had for the whale, resulted in some examples of collaborative interactions as well as the more common conflict between the two groups."
Research Interests:
To date only two countries (Iran and Cambodia) out of the 46 countries in the Asia and the Pacific region have ratified the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001. This is the lowest rate of... more
To date only two countries (Iran and Cambodia) out of the 46 countries in the Asia and the Pacific region have ratified the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001. This is the lowest rate of ratification of any UNESCO region (less than 5%). What are the factors affecting the ratification, or more importantly the lack of ratification, of the 2001 Convention in the Asia and the Pacific region? What might be done to increase the numbers of ratifications? In the absence of ratification, what can be done to improve the situation in the region with regard to maritime archaeology, the protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) and the underlying practices of the 2001 Convention such as the Annex? This presentation considers the factors affecting ratification and presents a particular case study of international cooperation in Vietnam. It then suggests some critical success factors for good collaboration and cooperation.
Research Interests:
Powerpoint of a talk given to the Friends of Port Willunga AGM at 11am on Sunday 31st January 2016 at the Aldinga Institute Hall.
Research Interests:
Underwater Cultural Heritage in Vietnam is under threat. BBC coverage of some of the problems with the preservation of Underwater Cultural Heritage in Vietnam.
Research Interests:
So what are you in for if you want to be a marine archaeologist? I suppose the primary difference is that you need to be able to scuba dive to go to work. But essentially the other aspects to marine archaeology are the same as any other... more
So what are you in for if you want to be a marine archaeologist? I suppose the primary difference is that you need to be able to scuba dive to go to work. But essentially the other aspects to marine archaeology are the same as any other kind of archaeology. One of the great marine archaeologists of the world, George Bass, basically said that archaeology is archaeology – maritime archaeology is archaeology. We want to do the same kinds of things that all archaeologists want to do.
Research Interests:
Batavia was the flagship of the fleet for 1628-1629 and it was travelling from Holland, from The Netherlands, to what were called the Dutch East Indies at that time. They are now called Indonesia. It was carrying several hundred people... more
Batavia was the flagship of the fleet for 1628-1629 and it was travelling from Holland, from The Netherlands, to what were called the Dutch East Indies at that time. They are now called Indonesia. It was carrying several hundred people and it was going out there to bring back all the goods from the East which couldn't be obtained in Europe at the time – spices, porcelain and silk, all that sort of material.
Research Interests:
The podcast discusses research on an area at the intersection of the Bach Dang and Song Rivers where the Dai Viet (Vietnamese) defeated the Chinese emperor Kublai Khan’s Invasion Fleet in 1288AD. Vietnamese general Trần Hưng Đạo defended... more
The podcast discusses research on an area at the intersection of the Bach Dang and Song Rivers where the Dai Viet (Vietnamese) defeated the Chinese emperor Kublai Khan’s Invasion Fleet in 1288AD. Vietnamese general Trần Hưng Đạo defended the marine estuary in the lower reaches of the Bach Dang River, which at the time connected the coast with the capital of Hanoi, by placing stakes with the aim of holing or trapping Chinese vessels as the tide fell. The work has mapped the extent and shape of the stake fields, in a bid to provide insights into the Dai Viet strategy, the exact location and likely course of the battle. It is hoped that the work may also point to the location of the wrecks of Chinese ships. This podcast will introduce and discuss the project.
Research Interests:
The science of Maritime Archaeology has been widely practiced in the South Pacific and neighboring regions. Today's episode examines how a sophisticated international infrastructure has developed around this fascinating sub-discipline of... more
The science of Maritime Archaeology has been widely practiced in the South Pacific and neighboring regions. Today's episode examines how a sophisticated international infrastructure has developed around this fascinating sub-discipline of archaeology. Does underwater archaeology inform on ancient tsunamis and catastrophic events, which appear more common in this part of the world than elsewhere? We discuss the history and development of maritime archaeology in this unique part of the world with one of its best know practitioners. Dr. Mark Staniforth has pioneered some of the major techniques in underwater archaeology and has worked extensively off the coast of his native Australia as well as in some of the more fascinating off shore environments in Southeast Asia, most recently in Vietnam.
Research Interests:
In recent years the Maritime Archaeology Program at Flinders University has developed a collaborative archaeological research project with the Vietnamese government’s Institute of Archaeology (IA) and the US based Institute for Nautical... more
In recent years the Maritime Archaeology Program at Flinders University has developed a collaborative archaeological research project with the Vietnamese government’s Institute of Archaeology (IA) and the US based Institute for Nautical Archaeology (INA). The primary focus of this research is on an area at the intersection of the Bach Dang and Song Rivers where the Dai Viet (Vietnamese) defeated the Chinese emperor Kublai Khan’s Invasion Fleet in 1288AD. Vietnamese general Trần Hưng Đạo defended the marine estuary in the lower reaches of the Bach Dang River, which at the time connected the coast with the capital of Hanoi, by placing stakes with the aim of holing or trapping Chinese vessels as the tide fell. The work has mapped the extent and shape of the stake fields, in a bid to provide insights into the Dai Viet strategy, the exact location and likely course of the battle. It is hoped that the work may also point to the location of the wrecks of Chinese ships.
This presentation will introduce the project aims, results and future campaigns. It will also discuss more wide-ranging matters associated with maritime archaeology in Vietnam including the development of professional involvement and public concern for the study and protection of Vietnamese underwater and maritime cultural heritage.
This presentation will introduce the project aims, results and future campaigns. It will also discuss more wide-ranging matters associated with maritime archaeology in Vietnam including the development of professional involvement and public concern for the study and protection of Vietnamese underwater and maritime cultural heritage.
In recent years the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University has developed an innovative work-integrated learning program, in association with industry partners that includes fieldwork opportunities and internships... more
In recent years the Maritime Archaeology Program (MAP) at Flinders University has developed an innovative work-integrated learning program, in association with industry partners that includes fieldwork opportunities and internships (work-placements). This is largely in response to suggestions from consultancy companies and government agencies about the lack of job-ready skills among maritime archaeology graduate students. This is a very flexible program that aims to provide students with opportunities of at least two weeks and up to 3 months to develop both fieldwork skills and more general work practices. This paper argues that work-integrated learning assists the graduates to get a position and then helps them to do well in that job. Participating in daily work practices and experiencing fieldwork are seen as keys in producing work-ready graduates.
Keywords: Work-Integrated Learning, Internship, Fieldwork, Australia, Maritime Archaeology
Keywords: Work-Integrated Learning, Internship, Fieldwork, Australia, Maritime Archaeology
This powerpoint considers cargo artefact studies and trade by sea using the Sydney Cove (1797) shipwreck case study.
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This presentation suggests some ways that we might build a future for maritime archaeology through training and teaching in order to improve protection for underwater cultural heritage. It suggests a possible model for the implementation... more
This presentation suggests some ways that we might build a future for maritime archaeology through training and teaching in order to improve protection for underwater cultural heritage. It suggests a possible model for the implementation of Article 21 (Training in Underwater Archaeology) of the Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001, which it is hoped will provide the basis for effective collaboration and co-operation in the teaching and training of maritime archaeologists in the Asia-Pacific region. It also discusses Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) training, which aims to increase public awareness at local, provincial and national levels about the extent and nature of underwater and maritime cultural heritage as well as about underwater and maritime archaeology. Finally it provides a case study in the tertiary teaching of maritime archaeology from Australia that, in addition to ‘traditional’ on-campus teaching, includes four main components: (1) learning field methods through field schools; (2) skills training through the AIMA/NAS training program; (3) distance learning topics available using the Internet; and (4) practicums, internships and fellowships.
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Powerpoint presented as part of the Vietnam Underwater Archaeology Training lecture series held in Hoi An, Vietnam in June-July 2015.
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Powerpoint presented as part of the Vietnam Underwater Archaeology Training lecture series held in Hoi An, Vietnam in June-July 2015.
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This powerpoint presentation is an introductory lecture on underwater and maritime archaeology given as Lecture 1 in an Underwater Archaeology visiting lecture series at Gadjah Mada University in Indonesia on Monday 4 May 2015.
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Powerpoint of a lecture in ARCH 8151: History, Theory and Issues in Maritime and Underwater Archaeology at Flinders University on Tuesday 17 March 2015.
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This powerpoint presentation considers my four decades of involvement in maritime archaeology including working for state government, the federal government and at Flinders University and my involvement in projects is all states of... more
This powerpoint presentation considers my four decades of involvement in maritime archaeology including working for state government, the federal government and at Flinders University and my involvement in projects is all states of Australia as well as overseas in order to suggest some of the ways in which the discipline might develop in the future. It will suggest that as well as many new approaches and, particularly, dramatic developments in the technology used in maritime archaeology, there is also a certain level of continuity where projects build on, and extend, previous research and existing approaches. While the paper will focus mainly on Australian maritime archaeology, it will also consider some activities and developments in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Since 2008 an international research team working with archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology (IA) has employed collaborative, multi-disciplinary approaches to community engagement, awareness raising, cooperative training and... more
Since 2008 an international research team working with archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology (IA) has employed collaborative, multi-disciplinary approaches to community engagement, awareness raising, cooperative training and capacity building activities associated with underwater cultural heritage in Vietnam. This helps Vietnam to preserve, protect and valorize underwater cultural heritage by capitalizing on the annual presence of experienced maritime archaeologists, and other researchers, conducting the Bach Dang river and Van Don Battlefield Research Project.
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Seafaring has been a truly “international’ activity for a very long time and this has involved ships travelling across long distances between what, today, are different countries. Vietnam has probably been involved in more than 2,000... more
Seafaring has been a truly “international’ activity for a very long time and this has involved ships travelling across long distances between what, today, are different countries. Vietnam has probably been involved in more than 2,000 years of international seafaring activity. As a result, somewhere along the Vietnamese coast are the remains of vessels that came from the Arab world, China, Japan, the USA, Portugal, France, the Netherlands and Great Britain in addition to locally, or regionally, built vessels.
Shared, or mutual, heritage is about recognizing that other nations can, and do, have interests in the heritage located within a particular country’s jurisdiction. Because seafaring has involved vessels from so many different countries, dealing with shared underwater cultural heritage often takes on more importance than for other forms of heritage on land.
This presentation considers shared underwater cultural heritage in Vietnam through case studies related to four 17th century Dutch shipwrecks, belonging to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), that are believed to have been wrecked within Vietnam’s jurisdiction. Vietnam has an opportunity to recognize other countries’ interests in underwater cultural heritage and could benefit from international collaboration in investigating such sites of shared underwater cultural heritage.
Shared, or mutual, heritage is about recognizing that other nations can, and do, have interests in the heritage located within a particular country’s jurisdiction. Because seafaring has involved vessels from so many different countries, dealing with shared underwater cultural heritage often takes on more importance than for other forms of heritage on land.
This presentation considers shared underwater cultural heritage in Vietnam through case studies related to four 17th century Dutch shipwrecks, belonging to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), that are believed to have been wrecked within Vietnam’s jurisdiction. Vietnam has an opportunity to recognize other countries’ interests in underwater cultural heritage and could benefit from international collaboration in investigating such sites of shared underwater cultural heritage.
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Underwater cultural heritage (UCH) needs to be managed to ensure its proper identification, assessment, protection, investigation and documentation. In recent decades underwater cultural heritage has become increasingly accessible to... more
Underwater cultural heritage (UCH) needs to be managed to ensure its proper identification, assessment, protection, investigation and documentation. In recent decades underwater cultural heritage has become increasingly accessible to direct and indirect impacts by increasing numbers of people through factors like changes in technology and growing population. The primary reasons that underwater cultural heritage needs to be managed involves the threats of damage and destruction caused by human actions such as looting, treasure hunting and development activities as well as changes in the natural environment such as erosion and sea level rise.
UCH management should involve public education, the inclusion of stakeholders, the evaluation of threats to the heritage and making effective decisions based on the availability of funding, human resources and time across the possible range of options including survey and documentation, mitigation or excavation. UCH management needs to be both proactive and planned in order to make the best use of available funds, people and time that results in the best possible outcome for the heritage. The management of Underwater Cultural Heritage can, and should, be conducted at local, district (state, province or regional), national and international level guided by the available ethical standards, legislative models and international conventions to ensure best practice.
UCH management should involve public education, the inclusion of stakeholders, the evaluation of threats to the heritage and making effective decisions based on the availability of funding, human resources and time across the possible range of options including survey and documentation, mitigation or excavation. UCH management needs to be both proactive and planned in order to make the best use of available funds, people and time that results in the best possible outcome for the heritage. The management of Underwater Cultural Heritage can, and should, be conducted at local, district (state, province or regional), national and international level guided by the available ethical standards, legislative models and international conventions to ensure best practice.
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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a formal process used to predict the possible consequences (positive or negative) of a development activity, plan, policy, program or project prior to it being implemented. Underwater cultural... more
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a formal process used to predict the possible consequences (positive or negative) of a development activity, plan, policy, program or project prior to it being implemented. Underwater cultural heritage (UCH) forms a significant part of the cultural environment in riverine, coastal and marine areas and should be considered as a part of the process of EIA. An effective Environmental Impact Assessment is considered vital for the protection and preservation of underwater cultural heritage. Usually an EIA is conducted by a consultancy (commercial) organization or individual for government not by government
Research Interests: Maritime Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, Historic Preservation, Marine Conservation, Environmental Impact Assessment, and 7 moreCultural Heritage Management, Underwater Archaeology, Conservation, Preservation and Site Management of Archaeological Sites, Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, Maritime and Underwater Archaeology, Study of Cultural Landscapes. Applied Archaeology. Theory of Heritage Management. Archaeological Impact Management. Environmental Assessment. Archaeological Heritage and Cooperation. Critical Theory. Study about Sustainable Development., and Environmental Impact
An international research group including researchers from, or associated with, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A & M University, the Field Museum in Chicago, the University of Colorado, Denver as well as Monash University,... more
An international research group including researchers from, or associated with, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology at Texas A & M University, the Field Museum in Chicago, the University of Colorado, Denver as well as Monash University, Murdoch University and Flinders University in Australia have worked in Vietnam. Since 2008 this international team has worked together with Vietnamese researchers from the Institute of Archaeology (Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences) to conduct maritime archaeological and related projects, currently under the provisions of a formal five-year agreement. Research is being conducted on archaeological, and other sites, associated with two highly significant naval battles where the armed forces of Chinese Emperor Kublai Khan were defeated in 1288 A.D. at the Bach Dang River and near the ancient port of Van Don.
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This presentation outlines the role played by ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites), which is an international non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to the conservation of the world's cultural monuments and sites,... more
This presentation outlines the role played by ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites), which is an international non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to the conservation of the world's cultural monuments and sites, in awareness raising and training related to underwater cultural heritage protection. ICOMOS membership requires an individual to be a practicing cultural heritage professional or have professional qualifications in the fields of conservation or preservation such as architect, archaeologist, town planner, engineer, administrator of heritage, art historian or archivist. ICOMOS International Scientific Committees (ISCs) (such as ICUCH) are the vehicles through which ICOMOS brings together, develops and serves its worldwide membership according to their fields of specialized interest. ICOMOS expects the ISCs to be at the heart of scientific inquiry and exchange in their domains and to share knowledge among them to foster multi-disciplinary approaches to heritage protection and management.
ICUCH (International Committee on Underwater Cultural Heritage) was founded in 1991 by ICOMOS Australia to promote international cooperation in the protection and management of underwater cultural heritage and to advise ICOMOS on issues related to underwater cultural heritage around the world. ICUCH currently has ten members from the Asia and the Pacific region and this paper will discuss the role of ICUCH in the region. Furthermore ICUCH’s mission will only be achieved in conjunction with other stakeholders, such as the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS). NAS training aims to increase public awareness at local, provincial and national levels about the extent and nature of underwater and maritime cultural heritage as well as about underwater and maritime archaeology.
ICUCH (International Committee on Underwater Cultural Heritage) was founded in 1991 by ICOMOS Australia to promote international cooperation in the protection and management of underwater cultural heritage and to advise ICOMOS on issues related to underwater cultural heritage around the world. ICUCH currently has ten members from the Asia and the Pacific region and this paper will discuss the role of ICUCH in the region. Furthermore ICUCH’s mission will only be achieved in conjunction with other stakeholders, such as the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS). NAS training aims to increase public awareness at local, provincial and national levels about the extent and nature of underwater and maritime cultural heritage as well as about underwater and maritime archaeology.
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Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and... more
Shipbuilding in a colonial context draws on traditions from a variety of places including the parent culture. Colonial shipbuilding adapts and evolves over time to meet the local environmental conditions, the availability of endemic and other timbers and to suit the requirements of local and regional mercantile commerce. Establishing the identity and biography of colonial shipbuilders is key to understanding the processes which underpin shipbuilding development. This paper considers shipbuilding in the Williams River area of NSW and in southern Tasmania as two case studies in shipbuilding in the early Australian colonies.
Research Interests: Maritime Archaeology, Underwater Archaeology, Ancient Shipwrecks, Shipwrecks, Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, and 5 moreShipbuilding, In Situ Conservation of Coastal & Underwater Heritage Sites, Underwater Cultural Heritage Management, Anthropology of Shipwrights & Shipbuilding Practices, and Maritime and Underwater Archaeology
A powerpoint pdf about the Australian Historic Shipwreck Protection Project (AHSPP) that has been awarded a large Australian Research Council (ARC) Linkage grant to investigate the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of wrecks... more
A powerpoint pdf about the Australian Historic Shipwreck Protection Project (AHSPP) that has been awarded a large Australian Research Council (ARC) Linkage grant to investigate the excavation, reburial and in-situ preservation of wrecks and their associated artefacts, which are considered to be at risk. AHSPP will focus on a particular shipwreck site at risk - Clarence (Victorian Heritage register S127), which is considered ideal for this focused reburial studyThis project is the first to have been endorsed by the Cooperative National Heritage Agenda (CNHA), the Environment Protection and Heritage Council (EPHC) and the Heritage Chairs and Officials of Australia and New Zealand (HCOANZ).
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This presentation considers four case studies related to late eighteenth and nineteenth century Royal Navy vessels and associated underwater cultural heritage material located within Australian jurisdiction HMB Endeavour, HMS Sirius, HMS... more
This presentation considers four case studies related to late eighteenth and nineteenth century Royal Navy vessels and associated underwater cultural heritage material located within Australian jurisdiction HMB Endeavour, HMS Sirius, HMS Pandora and HMS Sappho.
Keywords - Royal Navy. shipwrecks, Australia, legislation, shared heritage.
Keywords - Royal Navy. shipwrecks, Australia, legislation, shared heritage.
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This presentation suggests that rather than changes in methods or advances in technology it is changes at an International level as a result of the bringing into force of the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater... more
This presentation suggests that rather than changes in methods or advances in technology it is changes at an International level as a result of the bringing into force of the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage that will provide the greatest challenges to the way in which research in underwater archaeology will be conducted in the future. By providing a framework of standards of practice and encouraging nations to collaborate and co-operate in underwater archaeological research and training, the UNESCO Convention 2001will fundamentally change the ways in which underwater archaeological research is conducted in many countries of the world.
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"This presentation will help to develop a broader understanding of some of the issues which affect historic vessels and place them within the context of wider heritage conservation debates. The paper addresses a deliberately broad... more
"This presentation will help to develop a broader understanding of some of the issues which affect historic vessels and place them within the context of wider heritage conservation debates. The paper addresses a deliberately broad definition of historic vessel from an archaeological perspective. As an archaeologist I am primarily interested in material culture, or the physical fabric of objects and sites. Generally speaking, archaeologists seek authentic (or genuine) material culture that can provide us with better understandings of the past. Historic vessels, abandoned vessels and shipwrecks can all provide us with knowledge about the past and help us to better understand how people lived and worked in the past. This paper will also look at how a number of international convention and national guideline documents can be used to inform decision making with regard to historic vessels. The Burra Charter provides guidelines for the conservation and management of places of cultural significance. The Burra Charter advocates a cautious approach to change – the philosophy behind the Burra Charter is to do as much as necessary to care for the place and to make it useable, but otherwise change the fabric as little as possible so that its cultural significance is retained.Powerpoint presented at the Australian Maritime Museums Council (AMMC) Conference 2008"
Maritime archaeologists in some states of Australia have been extremely active in creating maritime heritage trails, primarily shipwreck trails, over the past twenty-five years. State government agencies and museums in Western Australia... more
Maritime archaeologists in some states of Australia have been extremely active in creating maritime heritage trails, primarily shipwreck trails, over the past twenty-five years. State government agencies and museums in Western Australia (WA), South Australia (SA) and Victoria have created nearly forty regional, thematic and local maritime heritage trails. Some maritime heritage trails are specifically aimed at divers and include on-site, underwater interpretation plinths while others are intended for the general public with signage that can be accessed on land. In order to protect and preserve underwater cultural heritage the general public, and specifically sport divers, need to understand what what is being protected and why. Maritime Heritage Trails have proved to be an effective way of providing widely accessible interpretation and this paper will review Australian approaches to Maritime Heritage Trails.
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A powerpoint about young Irish girls who came to Australia in the mid nineteenth century aboard the barque Inconstant. The barque Inconstant, 588 (or 601) tons, under the command of Captain Patrick Culliton (variously spelled as Cullitan... more
A powerpoint about young Irish girls who came to Australia in the mid nineteenth century aboard the barque Inconstant. The barque Inconstant, 588 (or 601) tons, under the command of Captain Patrick Culliton (variously spelled as Cullitan or Callitan) departed from Plymouth, England on 15 Feb 1849 and arrived at Port Adelaide, South Australia on Thursday 7 June 1849. Either 210 or 211 people (equivalent to 206 statute adults) embarked at Plymouth including 197 poor orphan girls, primarily from Ireland, who were being sent to South Australia under what became known as the Earl Grey Scheme. According to the Register of Births and Deaths at Sea the 211 passengers was made up of 18 English and 193 Irish. In addition to the orphan girls there were 13 or 14 other passengers aboard, comprising 3 married adult males and 3 married adult females as well as 3 boys and 4 or 5 girls between the ages of 1 and 14 years. During the voyage one female infant died, there were no births and the remaining 209 or 210 arrived safely in Port Adelaide. Like so many emigrants, these orphan girls effectively disappeared from Ireland forever to far distant places giving rise to recent commentary like this: Little is known, however, about the experiences of these women and girls or their impact on the various host countries. Their contribution to the emigration process has been largely underestimated or ignored (Kinealy 1994 p.315). This paper examines aspects of the lives of a small number of these girls to discover something of what the migration experience was like for a group of young, unmarried Irish Catholic girls during the middle of the 19th century.