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On the assignability of claims.

Text in Swedish + Full translation in English
1. There is now a book with the aim to “... enable a comparative property law dialogue between substantialist and functionalist jurists.” When speaking of substantialist jurists, the author primarily has European Continental lawyers in... more
1. There is now a book with the aim to “... enable a comparative property law dialogue between substantialist and functionalist jurists.” When speaking of substantialist jurists, the author primarily has European Continental lawyers in mind (i.e. German, French, Dutch, etc.), and by functionalist jurists he means lawyers from the Scandinavian legal tradition. There is a reason why these lawyers need to be enabled in their dialogue. To use the words of Scottish professor G. L. Gretton – “not all gaps are bridgeable” – when it comes to harmonisation and unification of European private law. From that point of understanding one might ask why the Swedish researcher Johan Sandstedt nevertheless has tried to bridge the gap. The most obvious reason is probably that Scandinavian lawyers need to be able to communicate with Continental lawyers. They need to do so for all the reasons you can think of when it comes to benefitting from the different processes we now see in the internationalisatio...
Vi nordiska jurister har genom vår rättskultur ett särskilt angreppssätt till juridiska frågor. Med detta angreppssätt tänker vi oss bland annat att vi lämnar utrymme för dynamik i rättstillämpningen så att vi kan beakta sådant som... more
Vi nordiska jurister har genom vår rättskultur ett särskilt angreppssätt till
juridiska frågor. Med detta angreppssätt tänker vi oss bland annat att vi
lämnar utrymme för dynamik i rättstillämpningen så att vi kan beakta
sådant som förändringar i hur vårt samhälle fungerar. Vi vill undvika att
rättsutvecklingen stelnar i formalism och dogmer. Att vara pragmatisk
på detta sätt anser vi vara så positivt att vi gärna betraktar oss i termer
av en nordisk rättspragmatism. En relevant fråga är dock hur vi gör för
att vara så där nordiskt pragmatiska som vi anser att vi är.
With a relational and relative understanding of the concept of property rights, it is consistent to distinguish between property rights and property protection. Property protection is a concept of the vertical relationship between the... more
With a relational and relative understanding of the concept of property rights, it is consistent to distinguish between property rights and property protection. Property protection is a concept of the vertical relationship between the state and the individual, while property rights are a more general concept. This article (Part II) deals with the legal management of civil law relationships given the friction between a relational approach and the claims to fundamental rights as general and superior.

Original title in Swedish: Äganderätten och egendomsskyddet
(del II av II)
— En konstruktiv analys avseende hanteringen av
civilrättsliga relationer och en av de grundläggande
rättigheterna
The concept of property rights is used both in horizontal relations between individuals and in vertical relations between individuals and the state. With a relational and relative understanding of the concept, such use is not at all... more
The concept of property rights is used both in horizontal relations between individuals and in vertical relations between individuals and the state. With a relational and relative understanding of the concept, such use is not at all strange. Such a use of the concept of property rights may also give rise to concerns in relation to the regulation of fundamental rights. This article (Part I) is concerned with the conditions for a relational approach to civil law relationships in which property protection is asserted. These conditions include claims to fundamental rights as general and paramount, the friction between different approaches, and notions of the risks of rights-based thinking. These preconditions are discussed in the light of an insolvency law example that illustrates how the same context can accommodate both horizontal and vertical legal issues.

Original title in Swedish: Äganderätten och egendomsskyddet
(del I av II) — Om förutsättningarna för en relationell hantering av
civilrättsliga intressemotsättningar och en av de grundläggande
rättigheterna
Who shapes the law? Is it a justified notion that it is the legislator who shapes law and that other actors have such a relatively insignificant impact on what we see as law that they are of less interest? Is that why we give the... more
Who shapes the law? Is it a justified notion that it is the legislator who shapes law and that other actors have such a relatively insignificant impact on what we see as law that they are of less interest? Is that why we give the simplistic "existing law" such a prominent position? Is that why we so often imagine ourselves assuming the role of legal interpreters when we present law? Should we not, however, approach our understanding of "law" more from other legal roles than just the role of interpreter? Does it really make sense to imagine that we only look backwards and only emphasize certain norms in certain ways? Is that a scientifically viable description - in any sense? – I will comment on these issues with the help of a specific example.
Losorekopskommitten har i SOU 2015:18 foreslagit bl.a. att traditionsprincipen bor avskaffas. I denna artikel presenteras nagra resultat av en enkel argumentationsanalys avseende kommittens argumentation. Analysen indikerar att kommitten... more
Losorekopskommitten har i SOU 2015:18 foreslagit bl.a. att traditionsprincipen bor avskaffas. I denna artikel presenteras nagra resultat av en enkel argumentationsanalys avseende kommittens argumentation. Analysen indikerar att kommitten haft en normativ ambition snarare an en utredande. Resultaten ar darfor relevanta for dem som ar intresserade av den reella fragan om prioritet for kopare. Mojligen ar artikeln ocksa relevant som ett generellt exempel pa en kritisk analys av argumentationen i en offentlig utredning.
Does the acquisition of ownership form a strict barrier to the application of EU consumer contract law rules? In particular: does the acquisition of ownership prevent a national court from reviewing unfair terms in a mortgage agreement?... more
Does the acquisition of ownership form a strict barrier to the application of EU consumer contract law rules? In particular: does the acquisition of ownership prevent a national court from reviewing unfair terms in a mortgage agreement? The CJEU said so in its recent judgement C-598/15 Banco Santander, where a bank itself acquired a mortgaged apartment in a forced sale. We consider this a too formal way of reasoning. In order to make a constructive suggestion of a better suited methodological alternative, we contrast this view by applying a ‘functional approach’ as developed in property law (especially Nordic and American). A ‘functional approach’ deals with each type of conflict directly and on its own merits, by involving various kinds of arguments relevant for the specific conflict without making the decision depend on broad general concepts like ‘ownership’. We conclude that this kind of approach offers an appropriate framework, in particular for the difficult task of determinin...
We investigate the economic consequences of the traditio and the contract principle—differing in how they determine the priority rights for an item sold but not delivered. Our results suggest that the two principles are equivalent in... more
We investigate the economic consequences of the traditio and the contract principle—differing in how they determine the priority rights for an item sold but not delivered. Our results suggest that the two principles are equivalent in terms of the net utilities enjoyed by involved actors. For example, a lower price paid for a forward transaction under a traditio principle can be compensated by better credit terms, implying there is no competitive advantage for either the seller or buyer under any principle. We demonstrate how market prices, incorrectly used, may misleadingly favour a contract principle, and discuss how fraudulent behaviour better supports a traditio regime. We also contribute to the legal discussion on priority regimes of undelivered items basing our discussion on bankruptcy priority laws instead of distribution of ownership.
Lösöreköpskommittén har i SOU 2015:18 föreslagit bl.a. att traditionsprincipen bör avskaffas. I denna artikel presenteras några resultat av en enkel argumentationsanalys avseende kommitténs argumentation. Analysen indikerar att kommittén... more
Lösöreköpskommittén har i SOU 2015:18 föreslagit bl.a. att traditionsprincipen bör avskaffas. I denna artikel presenteras några resultat av en enkel argumentationsanalys avseende kommitténs argumentation. Analysen indikerar att kommittén haft en normativ ambition snarare än en utredande.
Resultaten är därför relevanta för dem som är intresserade av den reella frågan om prioritet för köpare. Möjligen är artikeln också relevant som ett generellt exempel på en kritisk analys av argumentationen i en offentlig utredning.
We investigate the economic consequences of the traditio and the contract principle—differing in how they determine the priority rights for an item sold but not delivered. Our results suggest that the two principles are equivalent in... more
We investigate the economic consequences of the traditio and the contract principle—differing in how they determine the priority rights for an item sold but not delivered. Our results suggest that the two principles are equivalent in terms of the net utilities enjoyed by involved actors. For example, a lower price paid for a forward transaction under a traditio principle can be compensated by better credit terms, implying there is no competitive advantage for either the seller or buyer under any principle. We demonstrate how market prices, incorrectly used, may misleadingly favour a contract principle, and discuss how fraudulent behaviour better supports a traditio regime. We also contribute to the legal discussion on priority regimes of undelivered items basing our discussion on bankruptcy priority laws instead of distribution of ownership.
In this text, we discuss the relationship between economic argumentation and law. We will analyse a couple of examples where lawyers either have used economic arguments in an all too simplified manner or have not used economic analysis at... more
In this text, we discuss the relationship between economic argumentation and law. We will analyse a couple of examples where lawyers either have used economic arguments in an all too simplified manner or have not used economic analysis at all, though that could have greatly benefited the legal analysis. According to our experience this legal “mishandling” of economic argumentation and analysis is quite common, both in the practice of law and in jurisprudence. Our opinion is that this demonstrates the need for a higher degree of cooperation between economic science and law. Lawyers should learn more about economic analysis and argumentation and economic research should address more of the key issues that lawyers need to deal with. The specific field of law and economics is of course well established and in that regard economic science and law has been fused. However, it is our experience that in a more general legal context, economic research still often affects the content of the law in a manner that may be problematic.
Does the acquisition of ownership form a strict barrier to the application of EU consumer contract law rules? In particular: does the acquisition of ownership prevent a national court from reviewing unfair terms in a mortgage agreement?... more
Does the acquisition of ownership form a strict barrier to the application of EU consumer contract law rules? In particular: does the acquisition of ownership prevent a national court from reviewing unfair terms in a mortgage agreement? The CJEU said so in its recent judgement C-598/15 Banco Santander, where a bank itself acquired a mortgaged apartment in a forced sale. We consider this a too formal way of reasoning. In order to make a constructive suggestion of a better suited methodological alternative, we contrast this view by applying a 'functional approach' as developed in property law (especially Nordic and American). A 'functional approach' deals with each type of conflict directly and on its own merits, by involving various kinds of arguments relevant for the specific conflict without making the decision depend on broad general concepts like 'ownership'. We conclude that this kind of approach offers an appropriate framework, in particular for the difficult task of determining the scope of the 'principle of effectiveness' of consumer contract law directives.
Research Interests:
Fordringsomsättningen i nya tider?
Research Interests:
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Ur Festskrift till Torgny Håstad, 2011. En analys kring några av sakrättens begränsningar Det finns fler slags resurser än dem som i förmögenhetsrätten definieras som egendom. Utöver immaterialrätter kan man exempelvis tala om... more
Ur Festskrift till Torgny Håstad, 2011.

En analys kring några av sakrättens begränsningar

Det finns fler slags resurser än dem som i förmögenhetsrätten definieras som
egendom. Utöver immaterialrätter kan man exempelvis tala om intellektuella
resurser, relationer och humankapital. Tredjemanskonflikter i meningen
konflikter om hur relationer, och framförallt sådana som bygger på avtal,
skall stå sig mot varandra, kan uppträda beträffande alla resurser. Av de
resurser som jag här placerar utanför egendomskategorin är det dock särskilt
intressant att ta upp immaterialrättigheterna. De ligger i gränslandet
till egendom eftersom det i immaterialrätten finns det lagstadgade konstruktioner
som syftar till att skapa exklusivitet och till att möjliggöra en marknadsfördelning
av resurserna. I en analys kring sakrättens begränsningar
blir de därför särskilt intressanta.

I den här artikeln har jag gjort några anmärkningar kring sakrättens begränsningar
som verktyg för att hantera annat än egendom. Analysen har byggt på ett annat perspektiv än det traditionellt sakrättsliga, där egendomsbegreppet används på ett sätt som gör att objektsföreställningar leder tankebanorna. Samtidigt kan det emellertid hävdas att det grepp jag valt faktiskt följer just den förmögenhetsrättsliga tradition som sedan länge odlats i Skandinavien. När konstruktionen äganderättens övergång plockades isär under förra århundradet banade man väg för dynamiska angreppssätt. Det är denna tradition som följs när jag nu pekar på vad ett angreppssätt som det här föreslagna kan användas till.
1. Contribution to the European project? 2. Ownership (Gillberg v Sweden, 41723/06, Strasbourg, 3 April 2012) 3. Transfer of ownership 4. Unjustified enrichment 5. The coming into existence of a claim 6. Accessio 7. Traditio 8.... more
1. Contribution to the European project?
2. Ownership (Gillberg v Sweden, 41723/06, Strasbourg, 3 April 2012)
3. Transfer of ownership
4. Unjustified enrichment
5. The coming into existence of a claim
6. Accessio
7. Traditio
8. Contrasting of approaches, a route to a better understanding of law

"I have illustrated a few things about the Scandinavian approach by explaining how we handle six common legal concepts. Some of these concepts are not used in the Scandinavian approach, since we simply approach the issues in a relational and contextual manner. The concepts that we do use are also used in a relational way, with contemplation of the context."
Vad kan forskare i rättsvetenskap göra i frågan om traditionsprincipens framtid - förutsatt att de har vetenskapliga ambitioner? Konferenstext från anförande vid Insolvensrättsligt forum 2011 som skrevs 2011 för publicering i... more
Vad kan forskare i rättsvetenskap göra i frågan om traditionsprincipens framtid - förutsatt att de har vetenskapliga ambitioner?

Konferenstext från anförande vid Insolvensrättsligt forum 2011 som skrevs 2011 för publicering i skriftserien för Insolvensrättsligt forum. (Bokutgåvan har blivit avsevärt försenad.)
Research Interests:
"The awareness of the climate change challenges spreads through all levels of society". What can researchers in private law do?
You can find the book here: h4ps://juridikbok.se/book/9789177370277 The book is written in Swedish, but there is a rough translation of the entire book. Contact me for the pdf.