RKS Rathore
IIT Kanpur, Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty Member
- Mathematics, Algorithms, Numerical Analysis, Digital Image Processing, Linear Algebra, Approximation Theory, and 21 moreDTI - Diffusion Tensor Imaging, DCE-MRI, DT Tractography, Magnetic Resonance Image Analysis, Computations, Approximations, Image, Video Processing, Mathematics and Statistics, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Phase-Space Imaging, Tissue Parameter Estimation, Sociology, Physics, Philosophy, Biology, Ethics, Linguistics, Philosophy of Science, and Informaticsedit
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neuroinflammatory molecules, including tumor necrosis factor-, inter- leukin1-, lymphocyte function associated molecule-1, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 contribute to the development of brain abscess.... more
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neuroinflammatory molecules, including tumor necrosis factor-, inter- leukin1-, lymphocyte function associated molecule-1, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 contribute to the development of brain abscess. We hypothesized that the high fractional anisotropy (FA) in the brain abscess cavity reflects the upregulation of these neuroinflammatory molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed in 24 patients with brain abscess and Staphylococcus aureus-treated as well as nontreated Jurket cell lines (at 4 time points: 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours). Neuroinflammatory molecules were quantified from the brain abscess cavity aspirate of the patients as well as from the heat-killed S aureus-treated and nontreated cell lines and correlated with DTI measures. RESULTS: The DTI-derived FA strongly correlated with the presence of neuroinflammatory molecules in the pus as well as in S aureus-treated cell lines; no such correlation was observ...
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Purpose. It has been reported that diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with ultrahigh b-value increases the diagnostic power of prostate cancer. DWI with higher b-values is challenging as it commonly suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio... more
Purpose. It has been reported that diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with ultrahigh b-value increases the diagnostic power of prostate cancer. DWI with higher b-values is challenging as it commonly suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), distortion, and longer scan time. The aim of our study was to develop a technique for quantification of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for higher b-values from lower b-value DW images. Materials and Methods. Fifteen patients (7 malignant and 8 benign) were included in this study retrospectively with the institutional ethical committee approval. All images were acquired at a 3T MR scanner. The ADC values were calculated using a monoexponential model. Synthetic ADC (sADC) for higher b-value was computed using a log-linear model. Contrast ratio (CR) between prostate lesion and normal tissue on synthetic DWI (sDWI) was computed and compared with original DWI and ADC images. Results. No significant difference was observed between actual ADC an...
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To look for the association of tissue matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and to see whether these can prognosticate patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).... more
To look for the association of tissue matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and to see whether these can prognosticate patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Forty-seven patients with GBM underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to look for association of its indices with tissue MMP-9 expression using Pearson correlation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to study the survival pattern for low-, medium-, and high-tissue MMP-9 expression and kep values. Among perfusion indices, kep, k, and ve significantly correlated with MMP-9 expression. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression was found to be best estimated by kep using a quadratic model. The 1-year survival in low-, medium-, and high-tissue MMP-9 and kep groups were 59%, 45%, and 7%, and 59%, 33%, and 15%, respectively. The association of kep and MMP-9 expression with survival suggests that kep may be used as imaging biomarker of ...
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Neurogenesis, Aging, Developmental neuroscience, Immunohistochemistry, and 15 moreAnisotropy, Brain Mapping, Humans, Cerebellum, Female, Male, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Fractional Anisotropy, Biological markers, Gestational Age, Organogenesis, Neurosciences, Myelin Sheath, Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, and myelin basic protein
The aim of this study was to examine changes in normal-appearing deep gray and white matter regions of the brain in patients with Chiari I malformation compared with controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to correlate these... more
The aim of this study was to examine changes in normal-appearing deep gray and white matter regions of the brain in patients with Chiari I malformation compared with controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to correlate these changes with neuropsychological (NP) test scores.
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Research Interests: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Humans, Caudate Nucleus, Chronic Disease, Female, and 15 moreMale, Clinical Sciences, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Middle Aged, Atrophy, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Liver Failure, Reference Values, Neurosciences, Case Control Studies, Magnetic resonance image, Acute Disease, acute liver failure, and Alcoholic liver disease
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Algorithms, Biomedical Engineering, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and 15 moreAnisotropy, Brain Mapping, Brain, Humans, Corpus Callosum, Automation, Female, Magnetic Resonance, Clinical Sciences, Computer User Interface Design, Adult, Fractional Anisotropy, Eigenvectors, Case Control Studies, and Diffusion tensor tractography
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Biomedical Engineering, Neuroimaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and 15 moreAdolescent, Brain, Humans, Female, Male, Magnetic Resonance, Clinical Sciences, Image Enhancement, Adult, Fractional Anisotropy, Reproducibility of Results, Neurocysticercosis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Mean Diffusivity, and Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging
Research Interests: Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Immunohistochemistry, Adolescent, Extracellular Matrix, Anisotropy, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Blood brain barrier, Female, Male, Metalloproteinase, Clinical Sciences, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Fractional Anisotropy, Drug Therapy, Matrix Metalloproteinase, Mean Diffusivity, Child preschool, and Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging
Research Interests: Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cytokines, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Brain, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Liver, Female, Male, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Glutamine, Choline, Brain Edema, Thiamine, Cognition disorders, Case Control Studies, Interleukin, Child preschool, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, Biotechnology, Cancer, Biomarkers, and 15 moreBiology, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Biomedical informatics, Anisotropy, Bioscience, Brain Mapping, Computer assisted orthopaedic surgery, Brain, Clinical Medicine, Biological, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient, Clinical Application, Brain Neoplasms, Brain Diseases, and Ad
Research Interests: Engineering, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Humans, Child, and 15 morePermeability, Female, Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, Male, Physical sciences, Adult, Magnetic, Reproducibility of Results, Biological markers, Sensitivity and Specificity, Encephalitis, Contrast Media, Matrix Metalloproteinase, Child preschool, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Engineering, Algorithms, Kinetics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain, and 15 moreHumans, Computer Simulation, Glioma, Female, Male, Physical sciences, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Magnetic, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Contrast Media, Brain Diseases, kinetic analysis, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Engineering, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Humans, Computer Simulation, Glioma, and 15 morePermeability, Female, Male, Physical sciences, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Image Enhancement, Adult, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Extracellular Space, Contrast Media, Brain Neoplasms, Neoplasm grading, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Psychometrics, Traumatic Brain Injury, Adolescent, Anisotropy, Humans, and 12 moreCorpus Callosum, Female, Male, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Adult, Diffuse Axonal Injury, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Clinical Neuroscience, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Adolescent, Cell Differentiation, Brain, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Corpus Callosum, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Clinical, Male, Infant, Clinical Sciences, Adult, Fractional Anisotropy, Cognitive Decline, Linear Regression Model, Gray Matter, and Child preschool
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Research Interests: Adolescent, India, Insulin Resistance, Prospective studies, Humans, and 14 moreFertility and Sterility, Female, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Young Adult, Clinical Sciences, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Adult, Public health systems and services research, Biological markers, Abdominal Fat, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Logistic Models, Case Control Studies, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
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Research Interests: Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Treatment, Nuclear medicine, Treatment Outcome, and 14 moreAdolescent, Brain, Humans, Child, Female, Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, Male, Clinical Sciences, Adult, Clinical Radiology, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cerebro, Contrast Media, and Child preschool
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Research Interests: Biostatistics, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Adolescent, DTI - Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Anisotropy, and 14 moreHumans, Female, Male, Young Adult, Follow-up studies, Clinical Neurology, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Adult, Neurosciences, Frontal Lobe, Functional Laterality, Brain injuries, and Neuropsychological Tests
Research Interests: Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Adolescent, Brain development, Brain, Humans, and 15 moreChild, Female, Male, Clinical Sciences, White matter, Cognitive Function, Microstructures, Fractional Anisotropy, Spina Bifida, Gray Matter, Cognition disorders, Mean Diffusivity, Magnetic resonance image, Neuropsychological Tests, and Test Methods
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Research Interests: Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Immunohistochemistry, Adolescent, Extracellular Matrix, Anisotropy, and 15 moreHumans, Child, Blood brain barrier, Female, Male, Metalloproteinase, Clinical Sciences, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Fractional Anisotropy, Drug Therapy, Matrix Metalloproteinase, Mean Diffusivity, Child preschool, and Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging
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Let N, R + and f, respectively, denote the set of natural numbers, the interval (0, ~o) and the Laplace transform of a function f. Let p be a fixed integer. The n-th Post--Widder operator Ln, x is defined by ... (1)... more
Let N, R + and f, respectively, denote the set of natural numbers, the interval (0, ~o) and the Laplace transform of a function f. Let p be a fixed integer. The n-th Post--Widder operator Ln, x is defined by ... (1) L.,~Z-(-1)"+~-c.+~ n " ""+~+~ (n+p), f (x} [nJ , xCR + ... 1 .+p+1 ff(t)t"+'e-'/~dt" (2) ...
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Research Interests: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Treatment Outcome, Prospective studies, Humans, Female, and 14 moreMale, Three Dimensional Imaging, Clinical Sciences, Cisplatin, Aged, Middle Aged, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), Image Enhancement, Adult, Clinical Radiology, Chemoradiotherapy, Antineoplastic Agents, Predictive value of tests, and Contrast Media
Epileptogenesis in NCC is associated with perilesional inflammation and disruption in BBB. We quantified BBB in different stages of NCC by using DCE-MR imaging to look for the differences in perfusion indices and to correlate these... more
Epileptogenesis in NCC is associated with perilesional inflammation and disruption in BBB. We quantified BBB in different stages of NCC by using DCE-MR imaging to look for the differences in perfusion indices and to correlate these indices with serum MMP-9 expression. DCE-MR imaging along with conventional MR imaging was performed in 57 single cysticercous brain lesions to quantify the kep, K(trans), and ve around the lesions, which were in different stages of evolution. There were 6 lesions in the vesicular stage and 17 lesions each in the colloidal, granular-nodular, and calcified stages. Serum MMP-9 was quantified from all patients, whereas perfusion indices were quantified from all stages except for the vesicular stage. We observed significant differences among the 3 stages of NCC in serum MMP-9 expression as well as DCE-derived kep values. In addition, kep showed a strongly significant positive correlation with MMP-9 expression when modeled with the individual stage of the disease as well as with all stages when pooled together. Other DCE-derived hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters showed inconsistent differences with each stage of the disease. The correlation of DCE-derived parameters with serum MMP-9 expression and edema volume also showed inconsistency with the stage of the disease. We conclude that kep correlates best with serum MMP-9 expression among the pharmacokinetic indices and most closely represents the degree of BBB breakdown, which is highest in the colloidal stage and lowest in the calcified stage. kep may be used as a noninvasive image biomarker of BBB breakdown in different stages of NCC.
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DWI by using higher b-values provides tissue diffusivity with less T2 shinethrough effect. VCD in the abscess cavity correlates with ADC values. The purpose of this study was to investigate which b-value-derived ADC correlates better with... more
DWI by using higher b-values provides tissue diffusivity with less T2 shinethrough effect. VCD in the abscess cavity correlates with ADC values. The purpose of this study was to investigate which b-value-derived ADC correlates better with VCD. Thirty patients with brain abscess underwent conventional MR imaging and DWI with b = 1000, 2000, and 3000 s/mm(2) on a 3T MR imaging scanner. ADC values were quantified by placing regions of interest inside the abscess cavity in all sections where the lesion was apparent on coregistered ADC maps derived from different b-values. VCD was measured on pus aspirated. An increase in b-value was associated with a decrease in ADC values in normal parenchyma as well as in the abscess cavity. The most significant negative correlation of VCD was observed with b = 3000 s/mm(2) (r = -0.98, P = .01). VCD in the abscess cavity can be best assessed at b = 3000 s/mm(2) secondary to the reduction in the T2 shinethrough effect. DWI with b = 3000 s/mm(2) is of promising value in the assessment of the therapeutic response of brain abscess.