This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation programs for severe COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Searching for the article was carried out from August to October 2021. We used the PubMed... more
This review aimed to determine the form, results, and barriers to exercise-based rehabilitation programs for severe COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Searching for the article was carried out from August to October 2021. We used the PubMed database as a search media with the keywords (['COVID-19' OR 'COVID 19' OR 'SARS CoV-2' OR 'post COVID-19'] AND ['rehabilitation']). Original articles and case reports published in the last 2 years (July 2019-2022), written in English, available in full text, and accessible in PDF or HTML format were included. Articles were excluded if they did not fit the research topic after reading the full text. Results: There were a total of 7461 articles found at the initial screening using keywords. In the next screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and after reading the whole article, we found 9 articles that matched the topic. Of these, 7 articles were original articles and 2 case reports. All of the articles explained the forms and outcomes of exercise-based rehabilitation in severe cases of COVID-19 survivors. However, no article explained the barriers to rehabilitation. Discussion: Exercise was generally given to increase exercise tolerance in severe COVID-19 survivors in both inpatient and outpatient cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. The form of exercise was aerobic, strength, or endurance training, and other forms of exercise such as balance training as well as breathing exercises. The type and intensity of exercises given were tailored to the patient's needs. Research showed that exercise-based rehabilitation programs resulted in a positive impact on increasing the survivor's quality of life, functional capability, and exercise tolerance. A previous study explained that barriers to rehabilitation in COVID-19 were related to the patient's health condition, COVID-19 infectivity, and issues related to health services.
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Objectives: This review aimed to explore inspiratory muscle training (IMT) use in patients with mechanical ventilation (MV). The topics were related to its effect on the duration of MV or weaning, respiratory symptoms or lung function,... more
Objectives: This review aimed to explore inspiratory muscle training (IMT) use in patients with mechanical ventilation (MV). The topics were related to its effect on the duration of MV or weaning, respiratory symptoms or lung function, inspiratory muscle strength (IMS) or endurance, functional ability, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Articles published in the last ten years were reviewed narratively to obtain data about how inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can affect breathing muscle strength in prolonged mechanically ventilated patients. Results: Eleven articles were relevant to the topic, including seven original articles and four systematic reviews. We also found one practical guide on IMT in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Discussion: Inspiratory muscle weakness is found in most intensive care unit (ICU) patients which further causes difficulty in weaning from MV. No standard protocol exists for the use of IMT in patients who failed to wean from MV. The use of IMT was f...
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Severe COVID-19 infection can lead to prolonged recovery and troublesome symptoms. The symptoms reported in those patients were dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, and activity intolerance. Patients showed limited exercise capacity and... more
Severe COVID-19 infection can lead to prolonged recovery and troublesome symptoms. The symptoms reported in those patients were dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, and activity intolerance. Patients showed limited exercise capacity and interfered with daily activities, as well as the quality of life. We report the role of exercise in improving activity tolerance in a survivor of a COVID-19 severe case. A male patient, 51 years, came to outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation after hospitalization due to a severe case of COVID-19. The patient had a low activity tolerance presented as fatigue, dyspnea, activity-induced oxygen desaturation, and inability to perform exercise testing, in addition to mild anxiety. A set of exercises consisting of breathing, flexibility, muscular, and cardiorespiratory endurance were given for 4 weeks along with psychological counseling. Barthel Index, cardiorespiratory fitness, sit-to-stand test, Fatigue Severity Scale, Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale...
Objectives: This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur’an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about... more
Objectives: This review aimed at exploring the effect of the Holy Qur’an recitation (HQR) therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about the application of the HQR and its effects on physiological parameters and neuropsychological functions. Twenty-four articles were relevant to the topic, which consisted of 9 review articles, 14 original articles, and 1 web page.
Results: HQR therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy given to ICU patients to improve their physiological and psychological parameters that disturbed due to stressors in the ICU. The form of therapeutic intervention for listening to the HQR varies based on the time of administration, the length of therapy, and the chapter (Surah) read. The HQR therapy had a therapeutic effect by relieving the discomfort caused by the treatment and creating a peaceful mind. The average duration of listening to the HQR therapy is about 30 minutes, with the administration time during spontaneous breathing trials or while the patient is still on mechanical ventilation.
Discussion: The HQR could change the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Listening to HQR involves religious and spiritual characteristics associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality is related to cognitive and emotional functions such as belief, motivation, and feeling close to God, so this therapy was used to improve cognitive and psychological functions. The HQR therapy decreases the degree of pain. After receiving the HQR therapy, the psychological function is enhanced by reducing stress levels, anxiety, depression, or other emotional disorders.
Methods: The relevant articles in the last 10 years were reviewed to obtain data about the application of the HQR and its effects on physiological parameters and neuropsychological functions. Twenty-four articles were relevant to the topic, which consisted of 9 review articles, 14 original articles, and 1 web page.
Results: HQR therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy given to ICU patients to improve their physiological and psychological parameters that disturbed due to stressors in the ICU. The form of therapeutic intervention for listening to the HQR varies based on the time of administration, the length of therapy, and the chapter (Surah) read. The HQR therapy had a therapeutic effect by relieving the discomfort caused by the treatment and creating a peaceful mind. The average duration of listening to the HQR therapy is about 30 minutes, with the administration time during spontaneous breathing trials or while the patient is still on mechanical ventilation.
Discussion: The HQR could change the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Listening to HQR involves religious and spiritual characteristics associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality is related to cognitive and emotional functions such as belief, motivation, and feeling close to God, so this therapy was used to improve cognitive and psychological functions. The HQR therapy decreases the degree of pain. After receiving the HQR therapy, the psychological function is enhanced by reducing stress levels, anxiety, depression, or other emotional disorders.
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Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended. This study explored the implementation, outcomes, and barriers of such programs for severe and critical COVID-19 survivors, focusing on... more
Post-acute COVID-19 symptoms impact the quality of life, and pulmonary rehabilitation is recommended. This study explored the implementation, outcomes, and barriers of such programs for severe and critical COVID-19 survivors, focusing on improving respiratory function. Articles search was conducted from October to November 2021 through Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs in severe and critical cases of COVID-19 survivors have a similar purpose in other respiratory cases. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs, including breathing, resistance, stretching, cardiorespiratory endurance exercises, respiratory physiotherapy, relaxation techniques, and education, significantly improved lung function and reduced symptoms. No studies exploring barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation were found. In conclusion, pulmonary rehabilitation programs for COVID-19 survivors with severe and critical cases have improved respiratory functions.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various clinical manifestations during acute infection and at the post-acute phase with persistent symptoms called long COVID. It occurs in mild and moderate to severe cases which require... more
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various clinical manifestations during acute infection and at the post-acute phase with persistent symptoms called long COVID. It occurs in mild and moderate to severe cases which require hospitalization. In patients needing hospitalization, especially intensive care unit admission, the risk of long COVID increases. Many hospitalized patients exhibited more symptoms in 60 days after the illness than non-hospitalized patients. This review aimed to identify the clinical and functional outcomes in COVID-19 survivors after hospitalization. The articles in the PubMed database published in 2019-2021 were reviewed and found 20 be eligible. The clinical outcomes were the appearance or persistence of general and multi-organ symptoms, nutritional disorders, and decreased lung function. The functional outcomes found were decreased muscle strength, physical, psychological, and cognitive functions, increased disability and dependencies, as well as decre...
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significantimpairments that contribute to reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance, ultimately leadingto compromised activity performance.... more
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently presents with significantimpairments that contribute to reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance, ultimately leadingto compromised activity performance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the pathophysiology andclinical assessment of exercise intolerance in COPD.Methods: Data used were procured through a thorough search of published literature, conducted usingboth PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Literature was included when published in the last10 years, written in English, and available in full-text format. The types of literature used were books,original articles, narrative or systematic reviews, and case reports.Results: A total of 33 pieces of literature were identified and used to provide explanations for the subtopicsunder discussion. Out of the total pieces, 22 elucidated the pathophysiology of the topic, while theremaining 12 focused on the clinical assessment.Conclusion: Shortne...
Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the adherence of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after revascularization with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in initiating,... more
Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the adherence of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after revascularization with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in initiating, sustaining, and completing phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross sectional study design. Data is taken retrospectively using secondary data from medical records. The population of this study is post-revascularization CAD patients who undergo phase II CR in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2019-2020 and all samples are taken using the total sampling method. The adherence is described as adherence with initiating, sustaining, and completing the CR program in the CABG and PCI groups and expressed in percentage.Results: There are 96 subjects who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The adherence for initiating the CR program is 94.6% in the CABG group and 100% in the PCI group. A tota...
Introduction: Cardiac disease and mental health are two related disorders and often co-exist together. As one of the interventions to manage patients with cardiac diseases, the heart surgical procedure also correlated with depression and... more
Introduction: Cardiac disease and mental health are two related disorders and often co-exist together. As one of the interventions to manage patients with cardiac diseases, the heart surgical procedure also correlated with depression and anxiety which will interfere with the prognosis. This study aimed to know the incidence of depression and anxiety in patients before undergoing open-heart surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) Bandung. Methods: This study was a case series using primary data from patients and secondary data from medical records. Subjects were adult patients who will undergo open-heart surgery at RSHS Bandung. Data collection was started from November to December 2019. Variables assessed were depression and anxiety. Demographic profiles (age, gender, occupation, education, and marital status), as well as medical profiles (underlying disease, comorbidity, and type of surgical procedure), were also obtained. Results: Seven subjects will undergo open-hear...
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OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to explore the pathophysiology and rehabilitation management of exercise intolerance in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: We reviewed articles published in 2019-2021 using PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL... more
OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to explore the pathophysiology and rehabilitation management of exercise intolerance in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: We reviewed articles published in 2019-2021 using PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL databases as an electronic database. Data obtained were pathophysiology and rehabilitation management of exercise intolerance in COVID-19 survivors. Types of the article were original articles and systematic or narrative reviews, both published and preprint articles. Articles that were written in English and freely accessible in pdf or HTML format were included. RESULTS: There were 28 articles eligible for this review. Pathophysiology, rehabilitation management, and both pathophysiology and rehabilitation management were explained in 7, 24, and 4 articles, consecutively. DISCUSSION: Exercise intolerance is caused by some pathological processes in the respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems as a result of systemic inflammation. Fatigue and shortness of breath during the activity were the most common symptom in the early phase of COVID-19 and persisted until the follow-up phase. Hospital admission, especially prolonged use of ventilators and immobilization worsen functional impairment resulting in persistent symptoms. Rehabilitation management begins with a functional assessment consisting of symptom assessment and physical examination of the body systems affected. The goals of rehabilitation management are to increase functional capacity, reduce symptoms, improve the ability to perform daily activities, facilitate social reintegration, and improve quality of life. Exercise is an effective intervention to reach these goals. Several studies recommend breathing, and aerobic exercises, as well as resistance exercises for peripheral and respiratory muscles, to improve symptoms and increase functional capacity.
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ABSTRACTIntroduction: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a disease with atherosclerotic process in blood vessels which results in impairment of blood flow to the lower limbs. The prevalence escalates with advancing age and resulting in... more
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a disease with atherosclerotic process in blood vessels which results in impairment of blood flow to the lower limbs. The prevalence escalates with advancing age and resulting in typical symptoms of intermittent claudication, ischemic pain at rest, non-healingwound, and atypical symptoms associated with PAD. These symptoms can lead to impaired walking, activity restrictions, and low quality of life. Regular exercise has been known as an effective intervention to reduce symptoms and improve exercise performance.Methods: Literature published from 2011-2021 was searched using the PubMed and Google Scholar as the search engine. The keywords used were exercise, physiological effect, recommendation, peripheral artery disease, and intermittent claudication.Results: Forty-four literature matched with the topic and 1 1 were used to explain sub-topics.Conclusion: The physiological effects of regular exercise include increased of oxygen ...
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ABSTRACTIntroduction: In patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), due to shared-risk factors, concomitant chronic cardiovascular diseases include Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) are common and resulting in increase... more
ABSTRACTIntroduction: In patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), due to shared-risk factors, concomitant chronic cardiovascular diseases include Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) are common and resulting in increase overall morbidity and mortality.Case Report: A female patient, 52 years, came for pulmonary rehabilitation 2 weeks after hospitalization due to acute exacerbation of COPD. One week before the exacerbation, she showed symptoms of CHF. Physical examination showed signs of right and left heart failure, oxygen desaturation, and limited chest expansion. Functional assessment showed disability in self-care, instrumental activities of daily living (ADL), deconditioning, depression, and anxiety. Supporting examination confirmed very severe restriction and obstruction, bronchopneumonia, cardiomegaly, and pulmonary hypertension. Rehabilitation problems include cardiorespiratory, ADL, and psychological problems. The Covid-19 pandemic causing prohibition of supervis...