Differences between the results obtained in laboratory and road tests of vehicles depend on a number of factors. Among the most important of these are driving cycle and road load. These parameters also affect the hybrid drive control,... more
Differences between the results obtained in laboratory and road tests of vehicles depend on a number of factors. Among the most important of these are driving cycle and road load. These parameters also affect the hybrid drive control, including the combustion engine operation or driving in electric mode. In most studies, tests carried out on chassis dynamometers concern type approval cycles (NEDC—New European Driving Cycle, WLTC—World-wide harmonized Light duty Test Cycle, FTP— Federal Test Procedure), which differ from real on-road tests. Consequently, the different driving cycles do not allow for results similar to those obtained during on-road driving, especially as the actual cycles on the road are unrepeatable. It is also important to determine the effect of the motion resistance function adopted for chassis dynamometer tests on exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. For this purpose, the authors tested a hybrid car under road and laboratory conditions for the same driving cyc...
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This paper considers and analyzes a relevant issue of treatment of disturbed soils. The equipment to carry out various processes of mining reclamation of waste heaps and quarries with a significant reduction in the level of environmental... more
This paper considers and analyzes a relevant issue of treatment of disturbed soils. The equipment to carry out various processes of mining reclamation of waste heaps and quarries with a significant reduction in the level of environmental risks through the operation of an energy-saving small-sized apparatus has been designed. The use of the developed soil reclamator is also adequate for pre-sowing and other types of agrotechnical tillage, plant care in agricultural fields, as well as in areas with a heterogeneous landscape. The functionality of the unit is able to provide energy autonomy and automation of the technological process. The low weight of the device makes it possible to reduce the pressure on the soil, which minimizes the environmentally hazardous formation of dust during the treatment of waste heaps, the destruction of its structure, the machine degradation of the fertile layer during the processing of all types of territories. The device also reduces the risk of fertile ...
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The object of research is technologies for waste aviation oils and lubricants recycling and utilization. The work is devoted to the analysis of the current state and the assessment of the technological potential in the field of processing... more
The object of research is technologies for waste aviation oils and lubricants recycling and utilization. The work is devoted to the analysis of the current state and the assessment of the technological potential in the field of processing and disposal of aviation lubricants. The current state and dynamics of the market for the production and consumption of aviation lubricants are considered. The main properties and functions of aviation oils and lubricants are analyzed, the main technical requirements for them are formulated. A complex of physical and chemical processes that occur in lubricants during their operation and long-term storage, and lead to a loss of their quality, is considered. It is shown that the main factors of quality deterioration are high-temperature destruction, oxidation, polymerization and condensation of hydrocarbons, mixing with fuel, and pollution with inorganic compounds. The main ecological as well as economic problems associated with the aссamulation of w...
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1. Chuck C.J. The compatibility of potential bioderived fuels with Jet A-1 aviation kerosene / C.J. Chuck, J. Donnelly // Applied Energy. – 2014. – Vol. 118. – P. 83–91. 2. Case Study of Alternative Jet Fuel Production with Bio-additives... more
1. Chuck C.J. The compatibility of potential bioderived fuels with Jet A-1 aviation kerosene / C.J. Chuck, J. Donnelly // Applied Energy. – 2014. – Vol. 118. – P. 83–91. 2. Case Study of Alternative Jet Fuel Production with Bio-additives from Plant Oils in Ukraine and Poland. / [A.Yakovlieva, S.Boichenko, O.Vovket al.]. // Advancesin Sustainable Aviation / Tahir Hikmet Karakoc, C. Ozgur Colpan, Yasin Şohret (eds). – Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. – Chapter 4. – P. 41–63. 3. Influence of Rapeseed Oil Ester Additiveson Fuel Quality Index for Air Jet Engines / [A.V.Yakovlieva, S.V.Boichenko, K.Leida, et al.]. // Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils. – 2017. – Vol. 53. – Iss. 3. – P. 308–317. 4. Iakovlieva A.V. Potential of camelina as a raw material for producing of modified aviation fuel components / A.V. Iakovlieva, S.V. Boichenko, A.V. Bondaruk // Scientific technologies. – 2016. – №. 1(29). – P. 123–127. 5. Influence of rapeseed oil esters jetfueladditives on ...
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The object of research: the technology of wastewater remediation. Investigated problem: improving the efficiency of biogenic and toxic elements removal from different types of wastewater and reducing the amount of waste in the removal... more
The object of research: the technology of wastewater remediation. Investigated problem: improving the efficiency of biogenic and toxic elements removal from different types of wastewater and reducing the amount of waste in the removal process. The main scientific results: Possible strains of microalgae, which have ability to absorb biogenic and toxic elements during their metabolism, are identified. It is shown that the use of microalgae is a promising method of wastewater remediation due to their wide availability, the ability to reduce pollution to the established maximum allowable discharge into reservoirs and the ability to accumulate high biomass, which can serve as raw material for industrial products. In particular, Oscillatoria spp. effectively removes chromium, Chlorella vulgaris effectively removes cadmium, copper and zinc, Chlamydomonas spp. effectively removes lead, Euglena gracilis effectively removes nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. It is also shown that the most eff...
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The work is devoted to the development of alternative jet fuel blended with rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents and study of their physical-chemical properties. The modification of conventional jet fuel by rapeseed oil esters was chosen... more
The work is devoted to the development of alternative jet fuel blended with rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents and study of their physical-chemical properties. The modification of conventional jet fuel by rapeseed oil esters was chosen for this work among the variety of technologies for alternative jet fuels development. The main characteristics of conventional jet fuel and three kinds of biocomponents were determined and compared to the standards requirements to jet fuel of Jet A-1 grade. The most important or identifying physicalchemical properties of jet fuels were determined for the scope of this study. Among them are: density, viscosity, fractional composition, freezing point and net heat of combustion. The influence of rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents on the mentioned above characteristics of blended jet fuels was studied and explained.
The object of research: the process of wastewater treatment using bioconversion for subsequent motor fuel production. Investigated problem: improving the efficiency of bioconversion process for biofuel production with simultaneous... more
The object of research: the process of wastewater treatment using bioconversion for subsequent motor fuel production. Investigated problem: improving the efficiency of bioconversion process for biofuel production with simultaneous wastewater treatment by removing nitrogen and phosphorous compounds. The main scientific results: providing the possibility of biofuel production with energy and economic inefficiency. It is done by combining the process of motor biofuel production with the process of treating wastewater from biogenic elements makes it perspective for commercial use. Traditional technology for the production of motor biofuels from microalgae includes cultivation, harvesting, dehydration and drying of biomass, extraction of oils from them and subsequent production of methyl esters and glycerol. Such technology is often not economically effective. It requires significant amount of energy for carrying out all necessary processes. In addition, it requires significant expenditu...
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Presented studies are related to the spheres of aviation and machine-building. Anti-wear properties of conventional jet fuel, fatty acids ethyl esters bio-additives derived from camelina oil and their blends were investigated... more
Presented studies are related to the spheres of aviation and machine-building. Anti-wear properties of conventional jet fuel, fatty acids ethyl esters bio-additives derived from camelina oil and their blends were investigated experimentally. It was found that lubricity of bio-additive is significantly higher comparing to conventional oil-derived jet fuel. It was found that addition of bio-additive into the composition of jet fuel leads to strengthening of boundary film, decreasing of friction coefficient and improvement of anti-wear properties of fuel blends. The mechanism of fatty acids esters influence on improvement of anti-wear properties of jet fuel was substantiated. It was shown that camelina oil fatty acids esters positively influence on lubricating ability of oil-derived jet fuels and may be used in order to improve anti-wear properties of conventional jet fuels. Ref. 15, Fig. 2, Tabl. 1.
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The article analyzes modern methods of wastewater treatment from bioresistant pharmaceutical products and biogenic elements. Pharmaceuticals, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, antibiotics, narcotic drugs, hormones, drugs that... more
The article analyzes modern methods of wastewater treatment from bioresistant pharmaceutical products and biogenic elements. Pharmaceuticals, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, antibiotics, narcotic drugs, hormones, drugs that reduce cholesterol,etc., are often get into sewage in small quantities. They are hardly biodegradable and, passing through wastewater treatment plants without any changes, they often end up in water bodies. They have significant negative impact on aquatic ecosystems and human health, while being present in open waters even in small quantities. Among the nutrients that are also present in the wastewater, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds deserve the greatest attention. While getting into water bodies, they cause eutrophication, which isalso dangerous to ecosystems and human beings. It is shown that among modern variety of purification methods, the most suitable for removal of pharmaceutical products and biogenic elements are biochemical methods and ph...
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The work is devoted to the overview of prospects of development and implementation of alternative motor fuels from various types of biomass. The article outlines problems of modern transport that is connected to limitation of conventional... more
The work is devoted to the overview of prospects of development and implementation of alternative motor fuels from various types of biomass. The article outlines problems of modern transport that is connected to limitation of conventional energy resources used for fuels production. Main environmental problems connected with the use of conventional aviation fuels are determined. Modern trends for transition from conventional aviation fuels to alternative ones are presented. The article gives versatile analysis of well-developed types of biomass for biofuels production and also perspective types, which may be sufficiently used in the near future. The main properties of oil plants used for biofuels production are described, as well as advantages of biofuels use from considered types of biomass. Bibl. 26, Fig. 1, Tab. 4.
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Існує багато витратомірів та лічильників кількості для вимірювання витрат та кількостей рідин, які мають досить високі метрологічні характеристики. Незважаючи на це, в системах водовідведення авіапідприємств, як і в багатьох інших... more
Існує багато витратомірів та лічильників кількості для вимірювання витрат та кількостей рідин, які мають досить високі метрологічні характеристики. Незважаючи на це, в системах водовідведення авіапідприємств, як і в багатьох інших каналізаційних системах, облік стоків здійснюється переважно розрахунковим шляхом. Головною причиною є те, що ті прилади, які успішно використовуються в водопровідних мережах, часто не демонструють задовільної роботи в каналізаційних системах, оскільки не є стійкими до агресивної та збурюючої дії забруднених стічних вод. У цій статті запропоновано принципову схему лічильника кількості стічних вод змінного перепаду тиску на основі комбінації звужуючого пристрою, а саме стандартного сопла як первинного перетворювача та інтегратора. Показано, що такий лічильник не матиме багатьох недоліків, властивих лічильникам кількості, котрі реалізують інші способи вимірювання. Проаналізовано метрологічну стабільність такого лічильника у порівнянні з використанням стандар...
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Purpose This paper aims to evaluate of the microalgae potential for commercial application, in particular to conduct experimental study of biogenic compounds removal from sewage waters by microalgae, and to calculate economical benefits... more
Purpose This paper aims to evaluate of the microalgae potential for commercial application, in particular to conduct experimental study of biogenic compounds removal from sewage waters by microalgae, and to calculate economical benefits from biofertizers and biofuel production. Design/methodology/approach Experimental study in the concentration change of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the cultivation of Chlorella Vulgaris microalgae in various types of sewage water was carried out. Findings The efficiency wastewater treatment by microalgae was confirmed. The economic benefit from the biomass utilization as biofuel production was calculated. Practical implications Implementation of wastewater treatment technology with biomass recycling for biofuel and biofertilizers production will minimize the impact on the environment. Originality/value As a results of experimental studies, the ability of microalgae to reduce biogenic elements in wastewater was confirmed. Microalgae can be us...
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Chuck, C.J., Donnelly, J.: The compatibility of potential bioderived fuels with Jet A-1 aviation kerosene. Appl. Energy 118, 83–91 (2014) 2. Iakovlieva, A., Boichenko, S., Lejda, K., Vovk, O., Kuszewski, H., Jakubowski, M.: Experimental... more
Chuck, C.J., Donnelly, J.: The compatibility of potential bioderived fuels with Jet A-1 aviation kerosene. Appl. Energy 118, 83–91 (2014) 2. Iakovlieva, A., Boichenko, S., Lejda, K., Vovk, O., Kuszewski, H., Jakubowski, M.: Experimental study on antiwear properties for blends of jet fuel with bio-components derived from rapeseed oil. Eastern-Eur. J. Enterp. Technol. 5/8(77), 20–28 (2015) 3. Marunich, V.S., Melnichenko, O.I., Kharuta, V.S.: Passenger transportation: reliable information support. Int. Acad. J. Web Scholar 9(18), 31–35 (2017) 4. Yanovskii, L., Dmitrenko, V., Dubovkin, N., et al.: Fundumentals of aviation chemmotology. MATI, Moscow (2005) 5. Hu, J., Du, Z., Li, C., Min, E.: Study on the lubrication properties of biodiesel as fuel lubricity enhancers. Fuel 84, 1601–1606 (2005) 6. Nagornov, S.A., Dvoreckyi, D.S., Romancova, S.V., Tarov, V.P.: Technics and technologies of production and processing of plant oils. TGTU Publishing, Tambov (2010) 7. Dubovkin, I., Yanovskyi, L....
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The current state of the oil refining industry in Nigeria, its problems and prospects are considered.The presented results of studies of the physicochemical properties of Nigerian oils, as well as gasoline,diesel fractions, jet fuel and... more
The current state of the oil refining industry in Nigeria, its problems and prospects are considered.The presented results of studies of the physicochemical properties of Nigerian oils, as well as gasoline,diesel fractions, jet fuel and fuel oil fractions obtained from them are compared with those obtained for oils from the eastern and western regions of Ukraine. Processing methods of fuel oils from Nigerian oils are presented with the aim of bitumen and base oils production. A promising technologicalscheme for the processing of Nigerian oils is proposed.
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This paper reports an analysis of current issues related to storing solid household waste, and, specifically, the problem of environmental pollution when unsorted solid household waste (SHW) is ignited. A technology has been developed to... more
This paper reports an analysis of current issues related to storing solid household waste, and, specifically, the problem of environmental pollution when unsorted solid household waste (SHW) is ignited. A technology has been developed to improve environmental safety and ensure a reduction in the anthropogenic load on the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere in the event of fires at the sites of solid waste storage. The operation of the proposed equipment, taking into consideration all the provided operating modes and additional options, is energy-saving and automated (or semi-automatic), which makes it especially relevant under modern conditions. The technology significantly improves the efficiency of the processes to eliminate the ignition of SHW and localize their environmental consequences for the territories adjacent to landfills. Laboratory tests were carried out, which proved the effectiveness of practical application for the designed equipment of a new environmentally act...
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Conventional process schemes of municipal sewage water treatment, advantages, and disadvantages of the methods applied when removing biogenic elements were considered. It was shown that the existing shortcomings cause additional explicit... more
Conventional process schemes of municipal sewage water treatment, advantages, and disadvantages of the methods applied when removing biogenic elements were considered. It was shown that the existing shortcomings cause additional explicit costs and difficulties when disposing of the resulting waste. Low efficiency of the removal processes themselves causing residual concentrations of biogenic elements in the treated sewage water was also shown. A process scheme for treating municipal sewage water was proposed. It includes the use of a photobioreactor of a proposed design for the removal of biogenic elements due to the metabolism of microalgae. It was experimentally shown that the use of Euglena gracilis strain for removal of phosphates in initial concentrations of 4, 7, and 14 mg/dm3 from sewage water is the most efficient way. It makes it possible to reduce these concentrations to residual 0…0.55 mg/dm3 in four days. A 3.75…5.58 times increment of microalgae biomass during this peri...
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For intense activity of modern airport from the point of view of susnainable operating capability and safety aviation detection of microbiological contamination is important . The o ne of the key safety requirements for aircraft... more
For intense activity of modern airport from the point of view of susnainable operating capability and safety aviation detection of microbiological contamination is important . The o ne of the key safety requirements for aircraft operators is preventing proliferation of microorganisms. Timely detection of microbial contamination in aviation fuel is the key a i r port operational and safety
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Traditionally components of aviation gasoline are produced by various technological processes. The basic fractions of aviation gasoline are straight gasoline distillation of crude oil and catalytic reforming, cracking, and blending. The... more
Traditionally components of aviation gasoline are produced by various technological processes. The basic fractions of aviation gasoline are straight gasoline distillation of crude oil and catalytic reforming, cracking, and blending. The main components are high-octane alkylate, technical isooctane, toluene, pirobenzol, alkylbenzene, and ethyl fluid.
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The use of gasoline with ethyl fluid negative impact on the environment and human health. Adding the aliphatic alcohols of it, and in the future can complete substitution will reduce toxic emissions and reduce oil use. That is the actual... more
The use of gasoline with ethyl fluid negative impact on the environment and human health. Adding the aliphatic alcohols of it, and in the future can complete substitution will reduce toxic emissions and reduce oil use. That is the actual problem today is to clean aviation fuel
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The present-day situation in civil aviation is discussed. Taking into account limitation of crude oil resources for jet fuel production and worsening of ecological situation, tendency to transition to alternative fuels is presented.... more
The present-day situation in civil aviation is discussed. Taking into account limitation of crude oil resources for jet fuel production and worsening of ecological situation, tendency to transition to alternative fuels is presented. Perspectives of Ukraine and Poland in production and application of alternative jet fuels are figured out. The main attention is paid to reveal possibilities of these countries for production of jet biofuels derived from plant oils. The potential of biofuel production from various feedstocks is presented and analyzed. Advantages of oil-derived biofuel production and application are discussed.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze existing policies, methods and technologies, which are aimed at the rational and proper handling of decommissioned aviation transport means, determination of the world trends and... more
Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze existing policies, methods and technologies, which are aimed at the rational and proper handling of decommissioned aviation transport means, determination of the world trends and substantiation of the prospects for implementation of utilization and recycling programs in the aviation industry. This research is devoted to problems of utilization and recycling of decommissioned aircraft and its components: features of proper handling of aviation industry vehicles are considered; the analysis of existing methods and technologies aimed at the rational and correct handling of the end-of-life aircraft is carried out; the necessity of the introduction of the system of complex utilization of aviation equipment is substantiated; the ecological and economic problems connected with the utilization and recycling of aviation vehicles, their units and units are considered; and the relevance and feasibility of introducing recycling programs in the fie...
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The identification of hazards is a prerequisite for managing risk factors for flight safety. Fuel is the blood of an aircraft. The mass of fueled jet fuel is up to 70% of the maximum take-off weight of modern aircraft. The main link in... more
The identification of hazards is a prerequisite for managing risk factors for flight safety. Fuel is the blood of an aircraft. The mass of fueled jet fuel is up to 70% of the maximum take-off weight of modern aircraft. The main link in all civil aviation activities is flight safety. Many documents ICAO, IATA and Joint Inspection Group focuses on pollution fuels. Danger is an inherent attribute of aviation activity. But their manifestations and possible consequences can be prevented by applying different strategies of compensatory measures, designed to contain the potential of hazards that could lead to the creation of unsafe ones operating conditions. There are many risks in the production of fuels, including the risk of microbiological contamination. The biological risk factor can be defined as biological matter capable of self-replication and which can have a destruction effect on the fuel. Today it is known 200 species of microorganisms, including 30 families that can use hydrocarbons as sole source of carbon and energy. These include bacteria, yeast and fungi. Microorganisms have the selective ability related to various hydrocarbons, and this ability is determined not only by the difference in the structure of substance, and even the number of carbon atoms that are the part of their structure. The places of microbiological colonies development of on the fuel life cycle are established during the analysis of biological risk of aviation fuel supply. The risk of uncontrolled microbial contamination is generally greatest in tropical regions. The results of research have shown that fuel for jet engines with microbiological contamination has increased corrosion properties. The corrosion is one of the most dangerous types of metal destruction of aircraft structures. Over 50% of all corrosion processes due to the influence of microorganisms. The conclusion that biocorrosion of the fuel system and aircraft structures is part of the problem fuel with microbiological contamination are made and justified in these materials. A host of problems will likely surface when uncontrolled microbial growth is allowed to develop. Microbial activity has been shown to cause degradation of fuel hydrocarbons. Flight safety also will likely be compromised, as well as increased maintenance and cost. Not all microorganisms, however, cause the same problems.
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Мета та задачі. У статті аналізуються перспективи виробництва біопалива третього покоління з біомаси мікроводоростей у погодних умовах типових регіонів України. Метою є моделювання продуктивності біомаси та накопичення ліпідів у... more
Мета та задачі. У статті аналізуються перспективи виробництва біопалива третього покоління з біомаси мікроводоростей у погодних умовах типових регіонів України. Метою є моделювання продуктивності біомаси та накопичення ліпідів у водоростях, а також для підрахунку продуктивності при вирощуванні в типових регіонах України. Методи дослідження. Моделюючи вплив погодних умов, особливо сонячного випромінювання, оцінюється можливість досягнення врожайності біомаси на квадратний метр оброблюваних площ у погодних умовах типових регіонів України, визначаючи для неї найбільш перспективні регіони. Результати досліджень. Показані результати розрахунку щомісячної продуктивності вирощування щодо біомаси мікроводоростей у п'яти обраних регіонах України та результати розрахунку річної продуктивності біомаси вирощування та продуктивності накопичених ліпідів у тих же регіонах України. Обговорення. Мікроводорості є перспективним джерелом виробництва біопалива третього та четвертого поколінь. В пого...
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Мета цієї статті полягає у розгляді цілей та завдань науки хіммотології. У роботі представлено сучасне трактування науки, її роль для розвитку техніки і суспільства в цілому. Методи, що використовувалися при підготовці даної роботи... more
Мета цієї статті полягає у розгляді цілей та завдань науки хіммотології. У роботі представлено сучасне трактування науки, її роль для розвитку техніки і суспільства в цілому. Методи, що використовувалися при підготовці даної роботи включають системний аналіз, системологію, формалізацію, гіпотетичні та абстрактно-логічні методи. Результати: Показано, що з розвитком асортименту сучасних паливо-мастильних матеріалів, розробкою і популяризацією альтернативних палив, розгляд проблем хіммотології є неможливим без системного підходу. Крім теоретичної складової науки хіммотології, невід'ємною є і прикладна складова, завданням якої є забезпечення енергетичної та екологічної безпеки економіки країни, раціональне застосування традиційних і альтернативних паливо-мастильних матеріалів при експлуатації сучасної і перспективної техніки. Обговорення: У статті акцентується увага на тому, що в останні роки однією з найважливіших є екологічна сутність хіммотології, яка полягає у максимально можлив...