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Abstract This paper critically considers the use of radiocarbon dates as a demographic proxy for past population. Our goal is not to reject or valid this approach. We even did not focus on the various bias of this approach or on the... more
Abstract This paper critically considers the use of radiocarbon dates as a demographic proxy for past population. Our goal is not to reject or valid this approach. We even did not focus on the various bias of this approach or on the several correction methods used to reduce them. We rather argue that when trying to interpret 14C dates in a demographic perspective, it is essential to analyze socio-economic parameters. Studying the case of the Lateglacial Upper Palaeolithic of Southeastern France and Northern Italy, we demonstrate that the use of techno-economic approaches allows discussing this way to interpret the radiocarbon data. From this analysis we argue that a change in the density of dates cannot be simply interpreted in term of demography. We demonstrate that these variations can be the result of changes in the way people organize themselves in a territory. In other word, we argue that mobility patterns are somehow responsible for the density of dates and sites.
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Abstract Pottery-manufacturing sequences can act as proxies for human migration and interaction. A good example is provided by the ‘spiralled patchwork technology’ (SPT) identified at two key early farming sites in the Ligurian-Provencal... more
Abstract Pottery-manufacturing sequences can act as proxies for human migration and interaction. A good example is provided by the ‘spiralled patchwork technology’ (SPT) identified at two key early farming sites in the Ligurian-Provencal Arc in the north-west of the Italian peninsula. SPT is distinct from the ceramic technology used by early farmer communities in south-east Italy that shows technical continuity with the southern Balkans. Macroscopic analysis and micro-computed tomography suggests the presence of two communities of practice, and thus two distinct social groups in the northern Mediterranean: one of southern Balkan tradition, the other (associated with SPT) of as yet unknown origin. The identification of SPT opens up the exciting possibility of tracing the origins and migrations of a second distinct group of early farmers into Southern Europe.
Research Interests: Geography, Archaeology, Computed Tomography, Agriculture, Neolithic Archaeology, and 13 moreCeramics (Archaeology), Neolithic Transition, Neolithic Europe, Ancient Agriculture & Farming (Archaeology), Antiquity, Pottery, Early Neolithic pottery technology, Early Neolithic, Pottery technology and function, Ceramic Analysis Archaeology, Pottery Archaeology, X ray Computed Tomography, and Mediterranean Neolithic
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Luca Lai*- Robert H. Tykot*- Carlo Tozzi" Nuovi risultati sulla provenienza dell'ossidiana del sito neolitico recente di Contraguda (Sardegna) Introduzione Una delle più importanti fonti di ossidiana del Mediterraneo è ii Monte... more
Luca Lai*- Robert H. Tykot*- Carlo Tozzi" Nuovi risultati sulla provenienza dell'ossidiana del sito neolitico recente di Contraguda (Sardegna) Introduzione Una delle più importanti fonti di ossidiana del Mediterraneo è ii Monte Arci (Sardegna), che comprende diverse colate ...
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Research Interests: Humanities and Art
... Cambiar idioma Idioma Català Cambiar. | Ayuda. L'industria mesolitica di Grotta Marisa (Lecce, Puglia) nel quadro delle industrie litiche dell'Italia meridionale. ...
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L’habitat de plein air de Ripa Tetta près de Lucera (Pouilles, Italie) appartient à une phase évoluée de la céramique imprimée, qui présente de nombreuses ressemblances avec la phase de Guadone et avec le niveau supérieur du village de... more
L’habitat de plein air de Ripa Tetta près de Lucera (Pouilles, Italie) appartient à une phase évoluée de la céramique imprimée, qui présente de nombreuses ressemblances avec la phase de Guadone et avec le niveau supérieur du village de Rendina, datés de la fin du VIe millénaire et du commencement du Ve.Sur la poterie prédomine le décor imprimé et incisé, mais 4 ou 5 % des tessons montrent aussi une décoration peinte et des gravures géométriques.L’industrie lithique est très riche en burins, en denticulés, en lames retouchées et en racloirs ; des éléments de faucilles et des rares géométriques (trapèzes) sont aussi présents.L’économie est axée sur la culture des céréales (Triticum monococcum, T. dicoccum, T. aestivum-durum, Hordeum vulgare) et sur l’élevage des ovicapridés et du bœuf ; la chasse au cerf, au chevreuil et, peut-être, au sanglier joue un rôle très secondaire. L’association faunistique des mollusques terrestres montre l’existence aux alentours du village d’un environnement très ouvert et aride.The open air site of Ripa Tetta near Lucera (Apulia, Italy) belongs to a developed phase of the Impressed Ware Culture, which presents strict resemblances to the Guadone phase and to the upper level of Rendina village, dated at the end of the 5th millennium and at the beginning of the 6th.The impressed and incised decoration predominates but 4-5 % of the pottery sherds shows a painted or a scrat-ched geometrical decoration. The lithic industry is rich in burins, denticulates, retouched blades and side-scrapers ; some sickle blades and rare geometrics (trapezia) are also present.The economy of the site is based on cereals cultivation (Triticum monococcum, T. dicoccum, T. aestivum-durum, Hordeum vulgare) and on sheep/goat and cattle breeding. Red deer, roe-deer and, maybe, wild boar hunting plays a secondary role. The faunistic association of terrestrial molluscs indicates the existence of an open and dry land around the village
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Research Interests: Geography and Humanities
Une analyse des matieres premieres, des methodes et techniques de debitage a ete realisee sur des collections de cinq sites epigravettiens decouverts dans la Vallee du Serchio (Lucca) Il s'agit de La Greppia, de Verrucole I, Solceta,... more
Une analyse des matieres premieres, des methodes et techniques de debitage a ete realisee sur des collections de cinq sites epigravettiens decouverts dans la Vallee du Serchio (Lucca) Il s'agit de La Greppia, de Verrucole I, Solceta, Riparo del Fredian et Isola Santa. Les matieres premieres, provenant des formations siliceuses de la Falda Toscana, ont ete analysees a un niveau macroscopique afin de determiner les qualites physiques pour le debitage, c'est-a-dire leur homogeneite, la texture et l'aspect optique. L'analyse technologique des nucleus a permis de reconstruire trois methodes de debitage appliquees parallelement. La premiere methode se base sur l'exploitation d'un plan de frappe et les enlevements sont orientes de maniere unidirectionnelle. La seconde methode se base sur l'exploitation de deux plans de frappe opposes; on obtient alors un nucleus bidirectionnel oppose. Enfin la troisieme methode individualisee est relative a un nucleus bidirectionnel orthogonal.
Research Interests: Technology, Art, Analysis, Raw materials, Method, and 7 moreTechnique, CORE, Collection, EST, Plan, Final, and Nucleus
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Entre la Corse et la Toscane, distantes de 83 km, l'île d'Elbe est la plus spacieuse, avec ses 223 km², et la plus élevée, avec ses 1019 mètres d'altitude, des îles de l'Archipel Toscan, qui se répartissent en forme... more
Entre la Corse et la Toscane, distantes de 83 km, l'île d'Elbe est la plus spacieuse, avec ses 223 km², et la plus élevée, avec ses 1019 mètres d'altitude, des îles de l'Archipel Toscan, qui se répartissent en forme d'arc de cercle dans la partie septentrionale de la Tyrrhénien-ne (du nord au ...
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Acceso de usuarios registrados. Acceso de usuarios registrados Usuario Contraseña. ...
Research Interests: Geography and Humanities
The rise of cultural identities in the Lower Palaeolithic: the case of Italy. The coexistence of different human groups in the period dated between 600 and 300 Ka is evidenced by different cultural traditions. These are described as... more
The rise of cultural identities in the Lower Palaeolithic: the case of Italy. The coexistence of different human groups in the period dated between 600 and 300 Ka is evidenced by different cultural traditions. These are described as follows: (1) a ‘Tayacian’ group, characterised by small lithic industry, by the presence of dihedral ventral surface, by a high carinal index, by an often-raised Quina-type retouch and by a variable percentage of denticulates and scrapers, while handaxes are rare, if not absent (Loreto di Venosa, Visogliano A couches 46–40, Visogliano B); (2) a ‘denticulate’ group found exclusively in Visogliano A, layers 39–37; (3) a ‘Clactonian’ group characterised by large, thick, but rarely carinated flakes, a large number of scrapers, few denticulates; the handaxes are rare or absent (east side of Italy, Sicily and Sardinia); (4) an ‘Acheulean’ group, in which different subgroups can be distinguished, relying upon the number of handaxes as well as the characters of ...
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Pleistocene and early Holocene human fossils in Tuscany are very few and poorly described. Any new information is thus an important contribution to our knowledge of the peopling of this region. Here we present a revision of the human... more
Pleistocene and early Holocene human fossils in Tuscany are very few and poorly described. Any new information is thus an important contribution to our knowledge of the peopling of this region. Here we present a revision of the human fossil remains from the Riparo Fredian, a site located in Garfagnana and first published by Boschian et al., (1995). The authors described the human remains of the site pointing out the presence of 39 isolated human teeth (19 maxillary and 20 mandibular) and “fragments of one adult humerus, of a child's femur and of a youngster’s ulna”, considered as belonging to six individuals at least. A reanalysis of the human remains indicated that several specimens were incorrectly identified. It was thus deemed important to revise the identification of each fossil and their interpretation. The revision of human remains from Riparo Fredian has led to several changes in their anatomical identification with respect to the original publications. Of the 39 teeth p...
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The authors attempt to specify the diffusion pattern of the Impressed-Ware Neolithic (Impresso-cardial complex, ICC), from south-eastern Italy onto the French Mediterranean coasts. Using ChronoModel® software, a Bayesian model was built... more
The authors attempt to specify the diffusion pattern of the Impressed-Ware Neolithic (Impresso-cardial complex, ICC), from south-eastern Italy onto the French Mediterranean coasts. Using ChronoModel® software, a Bayesian model was built with sets of dates obtained on well-contextualised, short-lived samples. The results highlight a clear tightening of the chronology in the so-called nuclear area (Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria) and a pioneer dispersal at record speed in the Tyrrhenian Basin. Moreover, they question the origins and initial developments of the Impressed-Wares techno-complex.
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Archaeological evidences of the sacri ce and a complete or partial burial of a horse into a pit located apart om the knight but close to his grave, widespread during the “age of migrations” (5th-7th centuries) in several transalpine... more
Archaeological evidences of the sacri ce and a complete or partial burial of a horse into a pit located apart om the knight but close to his grave, widespread during the “age of migrations” (5th-7th centuries) in several transalpine graveyards and up to now known only in the north-east of Italy, were recently brought to light also in the north-west regions, om two di erent longobard cemeteries located near Torino: the large graveyard characterized by lined graves in Collegno, and the “ex Villa Lancia” area of Testona. is last cemetery is also characterised by the presence of the burial of two dogs.
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Il passaggio dalla Ceramica Impressa evoluta agli aspetti culturali a ceramica figulina dipinta è tuttora poco chiaro. Lo studio del complesso ceramico rinvenuto nel villaggio di Ripatetta permette di fare un’ipotesi in tal senso. La... more
Il passaggio dalla Ceramica Impressa evoluta agli aspetti culturali a ceramica figulina dipinta è tuttora poco chiaro. Lo studio del complesso ceramico rinvenuto nel villaggio di Ripatetta permette di fare un’ipotesi in tal senso. La produzione ceramica del sito inizia con la fine dell’aspetto del Guadone e si sviluppa in quello di Lagnano da Piede; in seguito il sito fu abbandonato dal momento che, a fronte di un totale di 21614 pezzi, non è presente nessun frammento di ceramica figulina dipinta a bande rosse.
Nella serie stratigrafica non sono attestate cesure e il complesso è omogeneo, con un graduale passaggio da decorazioni meno organizzate ed essenzialmente impresse nei tagli più bassi, a decori più organizzati e con un progressivo aumento della tecnica della pittura in bruno in quelli più alti.
Nel momento più tardo di vita del sito, tuttavia, si registra un lieve ma progressivo aumento di una particolare ceramica semifine caratterizzata dal color camoscio chiaro delle superfici e molto simile alla figulina, tanto da poter essere definita pseudo-figulina. Su di essa sono presenti vari tipi di decorazione, soprattutto impressa/incisa ma anche dipinta in rosso. Pur non potendosi ancora definire ceramica a bande rosse, sembra di poter cogliere in questi reperti la nascita di un nuovo gusto e di nuove capacità tecniche che ha probabilmente portato nell'area meridionale della Penisola alla successiva nascita e allo sviluppo della ceramica bicromica.
Le passage de la céramique Imprimé évolué aux aspects culturels à céramique figuline peinte n'est pas encore clair. L'étude de l’ensemble céramique trouvé dans le village de Ripatetta nous permet de faire une hypothèse en cette direction. La production céramique dans le site commence avec la fin de la facies du Guadone et se développe dans la facies de Lagnano da Piede; plus tard, le site il a été abandonné depuis, comparativement à un total de 21614 pièces, il n’y a pas aucun fragment de céramique figulina peinte à bandes rouges.
Dans la séquence stratigraphique ne sont pas attestée ruptures et le complexe se présente homogène, avec une transition progressive à partir de décorations moins organisés et essentiellement imprimées dans les niveaux inférieures, à décorations plus organisées et avec une augmentation progressive de la technique de la peinture en brun dans les niveaux les plus hautes.
Dans un moment plus tardif pendant la vie du site, cependant, il y avait une augmentation, faible mais constante, d'une particulaire céramique semifine caractérisé par des surfaces brunes claires très similaires à la céramique figulina, d’ici l’appellation «pseudo- figulina». Sur elle, il y a différents types de décoration, en particulier imprimés/gravés, mais aussi peintes en rouge. Bien qu'elle ne peut pas encore être défini céramique à bandes rouges, on peut voire ici la naissance d'un nouveau goût et de nouvelles compétences techniques qui ont probablement entraîné, dans la portion méridionale de la Péninsule, à la naissance et le développement de la céramique «bicromica».
Nella serie stratigrafica non sono attestate cesure e il complesso è omogeneo, con un graduale passaggio da decorazioni meno organizzate ed essenzialmente impresse nei tagli più bassi, a decori più organizzati e con un progressivo aumento della tecnica della pittura in bruno in quelli più alti.
Nel momento più tardo di vita del sito, tuttavia, si registra un lieve ma progressivo aumento di una particolare ceramica semifine caratterizzata dal color camoscio chiaro delle superfici e molto simile alla figulina, tanto da poter essere definita pseudo-figulina. Su di essa sono presenti vari tipi di decorazione, soprattutto impressa/incisa ma anche dipinta in rosso. Pur non potendosi ancora definire ceramica a bande rosse, sembra di poter cogliere in questi reperti la nascita di un nuovo gusto e di nuove capacità tecniche che ha probabilmente portato nell'area meridionale della Penisola alla successiva nascita e allo sviluppo della ceramica bicromica.
Le passage de la céramique Imprimé évolué aux aspects culturels à céramique figuline peinte n'est pas encore clair. L'étude de l’ensemble céramique trouvé dans le village de Ripatetta nous permet de faire une hypothèse en cette direction. La production céramique dans le site commence avec la fin de la facies du Guadone et se développe dans la facies de Lagnano da Piede; plus tard, le site il a été abandonné depuis, comparativement à un total de 21614 pièces, il n’y a pas aucun fragment de céramique figulina peinte à bandes rouges.
Dans la séquence stratigraphique ne sont pas attestée ruptures et le complexe se présente homogène, avec une transition progressive à partir de décorations moins organisés et essentiellement imprimées dans les niveaux inférieures, à décorations plus organisées et avec une augmentation progressive de la technique de la peinture en brun dans les niveaux les plus hautes.
Dans un moment plus tardif pendant la vie du site, cependant, il y avait une augmentation, faible mais constante, d'une particulaire céramique semifine caractérisé par des surfaces brunes claires très similaires à la céramique figulina, d’ici l’appellation «pseudo- figulina». Sur elle, il y a différents types de décoration, en particulier imprimés/gravés, mais aussi peintes en rouge. Bien qu'elle ne peut pas encore être défini céramique à bandes rouges, on peut voire ici la naissance d'un nouveau goût et de nouvelles compétences techniques qui ont probablement entraîné, dans la portion méridionale de la Péninsule, à la naissance et le développement de la céramique «bicromica».
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In the north western Mediterranean, in the area between the Rhone River and the Northern Apennines, the last Mesolithic societies (Castelnovian) and the first Neolithic societies (Impressed Ware or Impressa) coexisted during the first... more
In the north western Mediterranean, in the area between the Rhone River and the Northern Apennines, the last Mesolithic societies (Castelnovian) and the first Neolithic societies (Impressed Ware or Impressa) coexisted during the first half of the 6th millennium cal. BCE (Before Common Era). Linking the two settlement distribution patterns (mainly high lands and low lands for the Castelnovian versus Mediter-ranean coastal areas for the Impressa) to their specific environmental backgrounds during that period of coexistence enables us to document the attractiveness of the various available landscape units as a function of the subsistence practices (hunting, fishing and gathering versus agro-pastoralism). Pollen and charcoal data from 41 archaeological sites along with contemporaneous natural (off archaeological sites) sequences (hereafter referred to as " off-site sequences ") from three windows (Provence/Western Liguria, the middle Rhone valley/Prealps and Southern Alps, Eastern Liguria/Northern Apennines) were examined in order to reconstruct the vegetal landscape in the surroundings of the Mesolithic and Neolithic settlements between 6500 and 5400 cal. BCE. The importance of environmental versus cultural factors in the settlement preferences of both groups is discussed in order to document our reflection concerning non-consensual issues, such as the existence of interaction or avoidance behaviours or the sharing (or not) of parts or all of the territory and of its natural resources. The results notably highlight the expansion of fir forests that, based on ecological and accessibility criteria, could be considered as rather inauspicious for settlement and hunting as well as for pastoral activities. This expansion may have influenced the settlement patterns of both cultural complexes, leading populations to locate their settlements principally within landscape units that remained clear of extensive fir forests. It appears that, despite being motivated by the prevailing subsistence activities, the choice of an area of land for settlement is deeply guided by various other cultural factors which are less directly dependent upon natural resources. Thus, in an area providing a large range of possibilities, the landscape in which the groups establish themselves could be considered as just one of many cultural characteristics.
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TOMASSO A. et al. (2016) ‒ Le référentiel Matières Premières de l’Arc Liguro-Provençal (MP-ALP) : ressources siliceuses entre Vallée du Rhône et Apennins, in A. Tomasso et al. dir, Ressources lithiques, productions et transferts entre... more
TOMASSO A. et al. (2016) ‒ Le référentiel Matières Premières de l’Arc Liguro-Provençal (MP-ALP) : ressources siliceuses entre Vallée du Rhône et Apennins, in A. Tomasso et al. dir, Ressources lithiques, productions et transferts entre Alpes et Méditerranée, les séances de la SPF, Nice, Société Préhistorique Française, p.11‑44.
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Research Interests: Paleontology, Anthropology, Population Dynamics, Climate, Mammals, and 6 moreItaly, Humans, Animals, Plants, Collegium, and Environment
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