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(DEHP) on lipolysis and lipoprotein lipase activities in adipose tissue of rats
Running title: Al intoxication and bile secretion in rats
We have studied in a systematic manner the contribution of both VLDL-TG secretion (by measurement of accumulation of plasma TG following the injection of Triton WR 1339) and removal rates of plasma TG (by assay of plasma post-heparin... more
We have studied in a systematic manner the contribution of both VLDL-TG secretion (by measurement of accumulation of plasma TG following the injection of Triton WR 1339) and removal rates of plasma TG (by assay of plasma post-heparin lipolitic total (T-TGL) and hepatic (H-TGL) lipases) in the production of the multiphasic changes in plasma TG concentrations which characterize the three metabolic periods resulting from chronically feeding normal rats with a sucrose rich diet (SRD)
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de gallinas ponedoras podria mejorar el perfil de los acidos grasos (AG) en los huevos. Esta practica ha conducido al empleo de suplementos con diversos tipos de aceites ricos en PUFA n-3, como el aceite de lino, con la finalidad de... more
de gallinas ponedoras podria mejorar el perfil de los acidos grasos (AG) en los huevos. Esta practica ha conducido al empleo de suplementos con diversos tipos de aceites ricos en PUFA n-3, como el aceite de lino, con la finalidad de ofrecer al consumidor huevos con una mejor calidad nutricional. No obstante, este tipo de aceites son muy inestables, dando diversos productos que podrian provocar alteraciones hepaticas que van desde esteatosis a danos irreversibles que comprometerian la salud de las gallinas.
Research Interests: Philosophy and Humanities
Los lipidos son componentes importantes de las membranas celulares y juegan un papel importante en los procesos metabolicos. Estan compuestos por acidos grasos (FA) de diferentes longitudes de cadena que pueden ser saturadas o... more
Los lipidos son componentes importantes de las membranas celulares y juegan un papel importante en los procesos metabolicos. Estan compuestos por acidos grasos (FA) de diferentes longitudes de cadena que pueden ser saturadas o insaturadas. Los cambios en la composicion de AG de la dieta podrian inducir alteraciones en la composicion de AG de los tejidos.
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BACKGROUND: Arachidonic (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acids interaction affects brain structure and function. Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) generate oxygenated lipid-derived eicosanoids which modulate the inflammatory response.... more
BACKGROUND: Arachidonic (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acids interaction affects brain structure and function. Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) generate oxygenated lipid-derived eicosanoids which modulate the inflammatory response. The presence of trans fatty acids (TFA) in neuronal membranes can favor to generation of pro-oxidant metabolites. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of supplementation with TFA to diets containing different proportions of FA, on the oxidative stress (OS) generation and the inflammatory response in mice brain and liver. METHODS: CF1 mice were fed diets (16 weeks) with olive (O), corn (C) or rapeseed (R) oils. OS parameters and gene expression of some key liver and brain enzymes involved in OS production were evaluated. RESULTS: In brain and liver, lipoperoxidation was increased and catalase activity was decreased in C. In brain, glutathione was diminished by supplementation with TFA in all diets and histological sections showed lymphocytes i...
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El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar parámetros reológicos en sangre de ratas crónicamente expuestas al aluminio y sometidas a hepatectomía parcial. Ratas Wistar machos adultas fueron divididas en cuatro grupos experimentales (n=6... more
El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar parámetros reológicos en sangre de ratas crónicamente expuestas al aluminio y sometidas a hepatectomía parcial. Ratas Wistar machos adultas fueron divididas en cuatro grupos experimentales (n=6 cada uno): Sham (cirugía simulada, SH); Al+SH; HP (48 hs de hepatectomía parcial) y Al+HP. La concentración plasmática de fibrinógeno mostró un aumento significativo en los grupos HP (68%), Al+SH (54%) y Al+HP (90%) respecto del SH, mientras que no existieron diferencias significativas del grupo Al+HP versus HP y Al+SH. Estos resultados sugerirían que ambos tratamientos podrían compartir los mecanismos de alteración del fibrinógeno. Por ello, sus efectos no se potenciarían. El incremento de la viscosidad plasmática correlacionó en forma directa con el aumento en la concentración plasmática de fibrinógeno (rs=0,689, p=0,004). La hepatectomía y el aluminio disminuyeron el índice morfológico (-136% y -194% respectivamente) e incrementaron el índice de rigidez (86% y 211% respectivamente) como la viscosidad sanguínea relativa corregida a Hto 40% (31% y 14% respectivamente). Estas alteraciones mostraron un efecto aditivo sobre la membrana ertirocitaria cuando ambos tratamientos fueron considerados y explicarían la marcada anemia (descenso de Hto) observado en Al+SH y en HP, profundizándose en Al+HP, demostrando una potenciación de los efectos.Fil: Contini, María del Carmen Ada. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Bernal, Claudio Adrian. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: González, M.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Mahieu, S.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Carnovale, C.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentin
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Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar los efectos de los CLA en dos niveles de grasa (7 y 20%) sobre la secreción biliar y el estrés oxidativo hepático. Los animales fueron divididos en cuatro grupos y alimentados con dietas... more
Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar los efectos de los CLA en dos niveles de grasa (7 y 20%) sobre la secreción biliar y el estrés oxidativo hepático. Los animales fueron divididos en cuatro grupos y alimentados con dietas suplementadas o no con CLA durante 30 días. Transcurrido este tiempo, se analizó “in vivo” el flujo biliar (FB) por cateterización del colédoco y recolección de muestras de bilis durante 1 hora. En bilis se determinó la concentración de ácidos biliares (AB), proteínas, fosfolípidos (Fl) y colesterol (Col). Finalmente, en homogeneizados hepáticos se determinaron parámetros relacionados con el estado oxidativo. Los resultados demostraron que, en ambos niveles de grasas de la dieta, los CLA aumentaron el FB (40% en dietas de bajo porcentaje de grasa y más de 50% en dietas de alto porcentaje de grasa). Esto estuvo acompañado por un aumento en la velocidad de excreción de AB y proteínas. No se observaron modificaciones significativas en los parámetros de...
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Los acidos docosahexaenoico (DHA, 22:6 n-3) y araquidonico (AA, 20:4 n-6) determinan los niveles de mediadores lipidicos anti y proi-inflamatorios que son derivados de estos acidos grasos (AG) poliinsaturados (AGPI), por accion de... more
Los acidos docosahexaenoico (DHA, 22:6 n-3) y araquidonico (AA, 20:4 n-6) determinan los niveles de mediadores lipidicos anti y proi-inflamatorios que son derivados de estos acidos grasos (AG) poliinsaturados (AGPI), por accion de enzimas, como las ciclooxigenasas (COX1 y COX2). El tipo de grasa dietaria, y algunos isomeros como los acidos grasos trans (AGt), podrian modular parametros relacionados a la inflamacion y al estres oxidativo.
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The leather of Caiman latirostris is highly appreciated in the fashion industry and the meat is valued as an important food but its fat are usually discarded because it has no commercial value. However it is an alternative source of... more
The leather of Caiman latirostris is highly appreciated in the fashion industry and the meat is valued as an important food but its fat are usually discarded because it has no commercial value. However it is an alternative source of essential fatty acids and could be used for human consumption. The aim was to optimize the oil extraction from Caiman latirostris fat and to carry out the chemical and microbiological characterization for its use as food supplement. The oil obtained by fusion method contains fatty acids with high nutritional quality such as oleic acid (34%), linoleic acid (30%) and α-linolenic acid (2%). The atherogenicity index was 0.29 and the thrombogenicity index 0.47. The presence of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella were not observed, and the oil is stable for 4 months at 25 °C and for at least 8 months in an inert atmosphere at 25 °C.
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The aim of the study was to examine the changes in milk fatty acid (FA) profile of grazing buffaloes fed either low (L, 276g/d) or high (H, 572g/d) doses of a blend (70:30, wt/wt) of soybean and linseed oils. Fourteen multiparous... more
The aim of the study was to examine the changes in milk fatty acid (FA) profile of grazing buffaloes fed either low (L, 276g/d) or high (H, 572g/d) doses of a blend (70:30, wt/wt) of soybean and linseed oils. Fourteen multiparous Mediterranean buffaloes grazing on a native pasture were fed 4 kg/day of a commercial concentrate containing no supplemental oil over a pre-experimental period of ten days. The baseline milk production and composition and milk FA profile were measured over the last three days. After this pre-experimental period the animals received the same concentrate added with either the L or H oil doses for 26 additional days. Milk yield (g/animal/day) did not differ at the start (1776 ± 522 and 1662 ± 291 for L and H, respectively, P<0.622) or at the end of the trial (4590 ± 991 and 4847 ± 447 in L and H, respectively, P<0.543). Baseline milk fat content (g/kg) averaged 77.1 (±20.5) in L and 74.3 (±9.9) in H (P<0.10) and was reduced (P<0.031) to 60.7 (±23.6...
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Purpose: We examined the effect of a functional milk fat (FMF) on the glucose metabolism and its association with the intramuscular triacylglycerol (TAG) content in rats fed high-fat diets. Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed for 60 days... more
Purpose: We examined the effect of a functional milk fat (FMF) on the glucose metabolism and its association with the intramuscular triacylglycerol (TAG) content in rats fed high-fat diets.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed for 60 days with S7 (soybean oil 7%), S30 (soybean oil 30%), MF30 (soybean oil 3% + milk fat 27%), or FMF30 (soybean oil 3% + FMF 27%) diets. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed. The levels of key metabolites in gastrocnemius muscle and mRNA levels of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in muscle, epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT), and serum were assessed.
Results: The S30 diet induced glucose intolerance and led to TAG, citrate, and glucose accumulation in muscle. Moreover, we observed a downregulation of uncoupling proteins (Ucp2 and Ucp3) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) genes, lower carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1b (CPT-1b), and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) activities in muscle and lower expression of adiponectin (Adipoq) in EWAT. The FMF30 diet ameliorated the glucose intolerance and normalized the glucose and TAG levels in muscle, preventing the accumulation of citrate and enhancing glucose utilization by the PFK1. The beneficial effects might also be related to the higher expression of Adipoq in EWAT, its receptor in muscle (Adipor1), and the expression of Ucp2, Ucp3, and Irs1 in muscle, restoring the alterations observed with the S30 diet.
Conclusions: FMF30 modulated key genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, improving the glucose utilization and preventing TAG, glucose, and citrate accumulation.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed for 60 days with S7 (soybean oil 7%), S30 (soybean oil 30%), MF30 (soybean oil 3% + milk fat 27%), or FMF30 (soybean oil 3% + FMF 27%) diets. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed. The levels of key metabolites in gastrocnemius muscle and mRNA levels of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in muscle, epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT), and serum were assessed.
Results: The S30 diet induced glucose intolerance and led to TAG, citrate, and glucose accumulation in muscle. Moreover, we observed a downregulation of uncoupling proteins (Ucp2 and Ucp3) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) genes, lower carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1b (CPT-1b), and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) activities in muscle and lower expression of adiponectin (Adipoq) in EWAT. The FMF30 diet ameliorated the glucose intolerance and normalized the glucose and TAG levels in muscle, preventing the accumulation of citrate and enhancing glucose utilization by the PFK1. The beneficial effects might also be related to the higher expression of Adipoq in EWAT, its receptor in muscle (Adipor1), and the expression of Ucp2, Ucp3, and Irs1 in muscle, restoring the alterations observed with the S30 diet.
Conclusions: FMF30 modulated key genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, improving the glucose utilization and preventing TAG, glucose, and citrate accumulation.
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Intake of high-fat (HF) diets has been associated with liver, muscle and adipose tissue lipid accretion and insulin resistance in humans and experimental animal models. c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), also known as rumenic acid... more
Intake of high-fat (HF) diets has been associated with liver, muscle and adipose tissue lipid accretion and insulin resistance in humans and experimental animal models. c9,t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), also known as rumenic acid (RA) and its precursor vaccenic acid (VA), naturally present on dairy products, showed to induce health benefits on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.Fil: BernalL, Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasFil: Gerstner, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasFil: Sain, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasFil: González, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasFil: Lavandera, Jimena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasFil: Scanarotti, Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica
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Durante los ultimos anos se ha extendido notoriamente el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales, dentro de los cuales se enmarcan los huevos enriquecidos con acidos grasos poli-insaturados (AGPI).
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El objetivo fue investigar el efecto de diferentes fuentes de grasas dietarias sobre las alteraciones hepáticas inducidas por los Conjugados del Ácido Linoleico (CLA) comerciales en animales de experimentación. Para tal fin, en ratones... more
El objetivo fue investigar el efecto de diferentes fuentes de grasas dietarias sobre las alteraciones hepáticas inducidas por los Conjugados del Ácido Linoleico (CLA) comerciales en animales de experimentación. Para tal fin, en ratones CF1 macho alimentados (30 días) con dietas conteniendo aceite de oliva, maíz y canola, suplementadas o no con CLA, investigamos en hígado las posibles alteraciones en tamaño, acumulación lipídica, aspectos morfológicos y estado lipoperoxidativo. A nivel hepático, los CLA suplementados al aceite de oliva generaron la mayor acumulación lipídica, al aceite de maíz un notable estado pro-inflamatorio, mientras que al aceite de canola efectos deletéreos más atenuados. En virtud del empleo de CLA comerciales como ayudas ergogénicas y antiobesogénicos en humanos, este trabajo podría contribuir al conocimiento de ciertos efectos que los mismos podrían tener en función de interacciones metabólicas con distintas grasas dietarias.The aim of this work was to inves...
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Studies have reported the relationship between the excessive intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (t-FA) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Since 2006, the MERCOSUR countries require that the mandatory... more
Studies have reported the relationship between the excessive intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (t-FA) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Since 2006, the MERCOSUR countries require that the mandatory nutrition labeling should include information not only about the content of SFA but also about the content of t-FA. This does not apply to fractionated products at the point of retail, such as bakery products. This paper aimed to determine the total fat content and the fatty acid profile in unpackaged traditional bakery products (breads, biscuits and pastries) in Santa Fe, Argentina. Except for French bread, the contribution of t-FA and SFA to the total FA consumption from baked products was high. On the other hand, due to the high variability detected in the FA composition of bakery products between bakeries, it would be necessary to implement regulations making nutrition labeling mandatory in these products.
Research Interests: Chemistry, Nutrition and Dietetics, Food Science, Argentina, Medicine, and 13 moreFood Analysis, Fatty acids, Food Labeling, Bread, Legislation, CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD, Food Sciences, Food sciences and nutrition, Trans Fatty Acids, Intake, NUTRICIÓN Y DIETÉTICA, Saturated fatty acids, and Dietary fats
there is still little evidence on the metabolic trans fatty acids (TFA) effects at recommended fat levels. to investigate the differential TFA effects on some nutritional parameters, TFA retention, and triacylglycerol (TAG) regulation in... more
there is still little evidence on the metabolic trans fatty acids (TFA) effects at recommended fat levels. to investigate the differential TFA effects on some nutritional parameters, TFA retention, and triacylglycerol (TAG) regulation in rats fed recommended and high-fat diets. male Wistar rats were fed (30 days) diets containing recommended (7%,w/w) or high-fat (20%,w/w) levels, supplemented or not with TFA (C7, C20, TFA7 and TFA20). TFA7 (vs.C7) rats showed an increased body weight associated with higher fat pads and liver and serum TAG. The hypertriacylglyceridaemia was related to a decreased muscle LPL activity, while the higher hepatic TAG content was associated with both an increased SREBP-1c gene expression and ACC activity, and a reduced CPT-Ia gene expression. The TFA20 diet did not potentiate the higher body weight, fat pads and TAG levels induced by the C20 diet. Although the hepatic TAG-secretion rate (TAG-SR) increased by TFA20 vs. C20, the same triacylglyceridaemia was...
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The aim of the present study was to examine whether the level of dietary cis fatty acid (c FA), or the isomers (trans or cis) and/or the saturation of the fatty acids at high dietary fat levels altered the intracellular glucose... more
The aim of the present study was to examine whether the level of dietary cis fatty acid (c FA), or the isomers (trans or cis) and/or the saturation of the fatty acids at high dietary fat levels altered the intracellular glucose metabolites and certain regulatory enzyme activities in the skeletal muscle and liver of rats. The animals were fed for 30 d on either a recommended control diet (7% c FA, w/w) or a high-fat diet (20% fatty acids, w/w). The high-fat diet was enriched with either c FA, trans fatty acid (t FA), a moderate proportion of saturated fatty acid (MSFA), or a high proportion of saturated fatty acid (HSFA). The most striking findings were observed in the gastrocnemius muscle with a HSFA diet. There was a significant increase in glucose-6-phosphate (306 %), glucose-1-phosphate (245 %), fructose-6-phosphate (400 %), fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (86 %), glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate (38 %), pyruvate (341 %), lactate (325 %), citrate (79 %) and the bisphosphorylated sugars as c...
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Potential effect of functional milk fat, naturally enriched in conjugated linoleic acid, on the prevention of liver lipid accumulation and some biochemical mechanisms involved in the liver triacylglycerol regulation in high-fat fed rats.
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Maternal nutritional programming by a high-fat (HF) diet is related to hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in offspring. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) might ameliorate impaired hepatic lipid homeostasis; therefore, the aim was to... more
Maternal nutritional programming by a high-fat (HF) diet is related to hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in offspring. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) might ameliorate impaired hepatic lipid homeostasis; therefore, the aim was to investigate the potential preventive effect of maternal CLA consumption on triacylglycerol (TAG) metabolism alterations induced by HF diets in adult male rat offspring receiving or not receiving CLA. Female Wistar rats were fed a control (C) diet, HF diet or HF diet supplemented with CLA (HF+CLA) for 4 weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, for 9 weeks, male offspring of C or HF rats continued with the same diets as their mothers (C/C or HF/HF groups, respectively), and male offspring of HF+CLA rats were fed HF or HF+CLA diets (HF+CLA/HF or HF+CLA/HF+CLA groups, respectively). Nutritional parameters, serum and liver TAG levels, the TAG secretion rate, and the activities as well as gene expression of key hepatic enzy...
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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) might regulate the lipid depots in liver and adipose tissue. As there is an association between maternal nutrition, fat depots and risk of offspring chronic disease, the aim was to investigate the effect of... more
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) might regulate the lipid depots in liver and adipose tissue. As there is an association between maternal nutrition, fat depots and risk of offspring chronic disease, the aim was to investigate the effect of maternal CLA consumption on TAG regulation and some inflammatory parameters in adult male rat offspring receiving or not receiving CLA. Female Wistar rats were fed control (C) or CLA-supplemented (1 %, w/w) diets during 4 weeks before and throughout pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, male offspring of CLA rats were fed C or CLA diets (CLA/C and CLA/CLA groups, respectively), whereas C male rat offspring were fed a C diet (C/C group) for 9 weeks. Serum TAG levels were increased in the CLA/CLA and CLA/C groups, associated with a reduction of lipoprotein lipase activity and weights of adipose tissue. The liver TAG levels were decreased in the CLA/CLA group, related to a significant reduction of fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (AC...
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To assess progress towards the elimination of trans-fatty acids (TFA) in foods after the 2008 Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommendation of virtual elimination of TFA in Latin America. A descriptive, comparative analysis of... more
To assess progress towards the elimination of trans-fatty acids (TFA) in foods after the 2008 Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommendation of virtual elimination of TFA in Latin America. A descriptive, comparative analysis of foods that were likely to contain TFA and were commonly consumed in four cities in Latin America. San José (Costa Rica), Mexico City (Mexico), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Buenos Aires (Argentina). Foods from each city were sampled in 2011; TFA content was analysed using GC. TFA of selected foods was also monitored in 2016. In 2011-2016, there was a significant decrease in the content of TFA in the sampled foods across all sites, particularly in Buenos Aires (from 12·6-34·8 % range in 2011-2012 to nearly 0 % in 2015-2016). All sample products met the recommended levels of TFA content set by the PAHO. TFA were replaced with a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fats. Our results indicate a virtual elimination of TFA from major food sources in the cities s...
Research Interests: Public Health Nutrition, Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Urban Health, and 13 moreSpatio Temporal Analysis, Food Analysis, Mexico, Intersectoral Collaboration, Humans, Food supply, MEXICO, Trans Fatty Acids, Pan American Health Organization, Food Processing Industry, Nutrition Policy, Guideline Adherence, and Medical and Health Sciences
Industrial trans fatty acid (TFA) intake leads to impaired glucose metabolism. However, the overall effects reported are inconsistent and vary with the dietary FA composition and TFA isomer type and levels. We investigated TFA effects on... more
Industrial trans fatty acid (TFA) intake leads to impaired glucose metabolism. However, the overall effects reported are inconsistent and vary with the dietary FA composition and TFA isomer type and levels. We investigated TFA effects on glucose uptake, incorporation and oxidation, and glycogen synthesis in incubated soleus muscle under basal conditions or after treatment with insulin and/or palmitate. Male Wistar rats were fed either linoleic acid (LA)-enriched ((+)LA) or LA-deprived ((-)LA) diet, supplemented ((+)LA + TFA or (-)LA + TFA) or not with TFA, for 60 days. Soleus muscle glucose metabolism was assessed in the absence or presence of insulin and/or palmitic acid. Under basal conditions, TFA enhanced glucose uptake and oxidation regardless of the LA status. Both TFA-supplemented groups had lower insulin response to glucose metabolism. Under insulin-stimulated conditions, TFA prevented the palmitate inhibition of muscle glucose uptake and metabolism in the (+)LA + TFA group....
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Impaired wound healing has been widely reported in diabetes. Linoleic acid (LA) accelerates the skin wound healing process in non-diabetic rats. However, LA has not been tested in diabetic animals. We investigated whether oral... more
Impaired wound healing has been widely reported in diabetes. Linoleic acid (LA) accelerates the skin wound healing process in non-diabetic rats. However, LA has not been tested in diabetic animals. We investigated whether oral administration of pure LA improves wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Dorsal wounds were induced in streptozotocin-induced type-1 diabetic rats treated or not with LA (0.22 g/kg b.w.) for 10 days. Wound closure was daily assessed for two weeks. Wound tissues were collected at specific time-points and used to measure fatty acid composition, and contents of cytokines, growth factors and eicosanoids. Histological and qPCR analyses were employed to examine the dynamics of cell migration during the healing process. LA reduced the wound area 14 days after wound induction. LA also increased the concentrations of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemotaxis (CINC-2αβ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and reduced the expression ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects oftrans-fatty acids (TFA) on liver and serum TAG regulation in mice fed diets containing different proportions ofn-3,n-6 andn-9 unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) from olive (O), maize (C)... more
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects oftrans-fatty acids (TFA) on liver and serum TAG regulation in mice fed diets containing different proportions ofn-3,n-6 andn-9 unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) from olive (O), maize (C) or rapeseed (R) oils partially substituted or not with TFA (Ot, Ct and Rt, respectively). Male CF1 mice were fed (30 d) one of these diets. The effects of the partial substitution (1 %, w/w) of different UFA with TFA on the activity and expression of hepatic enzymes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acids oxidation were evaluated, as well as their transcription factor expressions. Some of the mechanisms involved in the serum TAG regulation, hepatic VLDL rich in TAG (VLDL-TAG) secretion rate and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were assessed. In liver, TFA induced an increase in TAG content in the Ot and Rt groups, and this effect was associated with an imbalance between lipogenesis andβ-oxidation. In the Ot group, exacerbated lipogenesis may be one ...
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The levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) are critical for the normal structure and function of the brain. Trans fatty acids (TFA) and the source of the dietary fatty acids (FA) interfere with... more
The levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) are critical for the normal structure and function of the brain. Trans fatty acids (TFA) and the source of the dietary fatty acids (FA) interfere with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TFA supplementation in diets containing different proportions of n-9, n-6, and n-3 FA on the brain FA profile, including the retention of TFA, LC-PUFA levels, and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios. These parameters were also investigated in the liver, considering that LC-PUFA are mainly bioconverted from their dietary precursors in this tissue and transported by serum to the brain. Also, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) gene expressions were evaluated. Male CF1 mice were fed (16 weeks) diets containing different oils (olive, corn, and rapeseed) with distinct proportions of n-9, n-6, and n-3...
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There is no consensus about the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on lipid metabolism, especially in animals fed a high-fat diet. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the incorporation of CLA isomers into... more
There is no consensus about the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on lipid metabolism, especially in animals fed a high-fat diet. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the incorporation of CLA isomers into serum, liver and adipose tissue, as well as the oxidative stress generated in rats refed with high-fat diets after a 48 hour fast. Rats were refed with diets containing soybean oil, rich in linoleic acid [7% (Control Group - C) or 20% (LA Group)], CLA [CLA Group - 20% CLA mixture (39.32 mole% c9,t11-CLA and 40.59 mole% t10,c12- CLA)], soybean oil + CLA (LA+CLA Group - 15.4% soybean oil and 4.6% CLA) or animal fat (AF, 20% lard). The CLA group showed lower weight gain and liver weight after refeeding, as well as increased serum cholesterol. The high dietary fat intake induced fat accumulation and an increase in -tocopherol in the liver, which were not observed in the CLA group. Circulating -tocopherol was increased in the CLA and CLA+LA groups. The...
Research Interests: Liver, Fasting, Fatty acids, Cholesterol, Animals, and 4 moreMale, Lipid metabolism, Rats, and Wistar Rats
Several biochemical parameters of male Wistar rats fed during 15 weeks with standard laboratory chow, supplemented with 0.1 g of brominated vegetable oil (olive, sunflower) per 100 g of diet, were compared to those of a control group fed... more
Several biochemical parameters of male Wistar rats fed during 15 weeks with standard laboratory chow, supplemented with 0.1 g of brominated vegetable oil (olive, sunflower) per 100 g of diet, were compared to those of a control group fed a normal diet during the same period of time. The former group showed a significant increase of triglyceride content in both heart and soleus muscle, as well as of total and sterified cholesterol in heart muscle. This increase was accompanied by decreased plasma levels of total and HDL-cholesterol. Some of these abnormalities were similar to those observed in rats fed the same standard laboratory chow, supplemented with 0.5 g of brominated oil per 100 g of diet. The hepatic levels of triglycerides, total proteins and glycogen, as well as the weight gain and caloric intake of the animals which were fed 0.1 g of brominated oil per 100 g diet, were similar to those of the control group. In summary, the toxicologic effects observed during the chronic in...
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We have previously reported that normal Wistar rats fed during 105 days with standard laboratory chow, supplemented with 0.5g of brominated vegetable oil (olive, sunflower) per 100 g of diet showed a significant increase of triglyceride... more
We have previously reported that normal Wistar rats fed during 105 days with standard laboratory chow, supplemented with 0.5g of brominated vegetable oil (olive, sunflower) per 100 g of diet showed a significant increase of triglyceride and cholesterol content in both heart and liver. This was accompanied by a significant decrease of plasma lipid levels. Fluctuations in plasma triglyceride concentrations may be a result of either variations in the liver secretion rate of very low density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL-TG), or changes in their removal rate by extrahepatic tissues or both. In the present work we have studied the contribution of both VLDL-TG secretion, and removal rates of plasma TG in the decrease of plasma TG levels, in rats fed during 105 days with a standard laboratory chow supplemented with 0.5 g per 100 g of brominated vegetable oil. VLDL-TG secretion was estimated by measuring the accumulation of plasma TG following the injection of TRITON WR 1339 and the remova...
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The objective of the present study was to analyze beef consumption, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and n-3 fatty acid (FA) serum concentration and their relation to salivary gland tumors (SGT). A questionnaire on non-nutritional risk... more
The objective of the present study was to analyze beef consumption, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and n-3 fatty acid (FA) serum concentration and their relation to salivary gland tumors (SGT). A questionnaire on non-nutritional risk factors and a validated food frequency questionnaire were applied in 20 SGT and 20 control (Co) patients. Food data were processed by the Interfood v.1.3 software. Serum CLA was analyzed by chromatography. Non-significant differences were found between SGT and Co regarding lean and fatty BC and serum CLA. Serum n-3 linolenic acid concentration was higher in Co than in SGT (p=0.004). No associations between BC and CLA serum concentration were found, but a strong-positive association between total energy intake and total fat intake and SGT were observed. A significant inverse association between oleic and linoleic FA intake and SGT was recorded. Serum oleic and linolenic FAs showed a significant negative association with SGT.
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The objective of this study was to compare the metabolic effects of long-term ethanol consumption with oral (Lieber-DeCarli) and enteral feeding techniques. Enteral feeding allowed administration of greater amounts of energy and... more
The objective of this study was to compare the metabolic effects of long-term ethanol consumption with oral (Lieber-DeCarli) and enteral feeding techniques. Enteral feeding allowed administration of greater amounts of energy and nutrients. After 21 days of treatment using the Lieber-DeCarli technique, the ethanol-treated rats had the following significant (P less than 0.05) differences from pair-fed controls: lower cumulative nitrogen balance (days 5-21; 2.8 +/- 0.1 g N vs. 3.5 +/- 0.1 g N), lower protein content of gastrocnemius muscle (289 +/- 17 mg vs. 358 +/- 11 mg) and intestinal mucosa (461 +/- 19 mg vs. 577 +/- 40 mg), higher plasma leucine concentration (147 +/- 8 mumol/L vs. 102 +/- 8 mumol/L), higher liver protein content (2222 +/- 122 mg vs. 1679 +/- 58 mg), and higher liver triglyceride concentration (38.4 +/- 2.8 mg/g vs. 8.7 +/- 1.0 mg/g). When rats received the same amount of nitrogen (1.5 g.kg-1.day-1) and ethanol (13 g.kg-1.day-1) but 16.3% more energy and nutrients...
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ABSTRACT Given that the effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) may be associated with the type of TFA isomer and the proportion of n-3/n-6/n-9 fatty acids, this work aimed to investigate the influence of different oils on the following... more
ABSTRACT Given that the effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) may be associated with the type of TFA isomer and the proportion of n-3/n-6/n-9 fatty acids, this work aimed to investigate the influence of different oils on the following parameters: content, incorporation and retention of TFA; conversion of vaccenic acid to rumenic acid in different tissues; and hepatic output of TFA by VLDL. Another objective was to assess relative conversion rates of key fatty acids and the potential alteration of fatty acid composition induced by TFA in tissues. Male CF1 mice were fed (30?d) diets containing 7% olive, corn or rapeseed oils either supplemented with 0.75% of TFA or without added TFA. Fatty acid composition of liver, epididymal adipose tissue, gastrocnemius muscle, brain and serum was assessed. With the exception of the brain, TFA were incorporated into the analyzed tissues and serum. TFA retention and rumenic acid bioconversion from vaccenic acid depended on the dietary unsaturated fatty acid proportions. The higher levels of hepatic rumenic acid in the liver of mice fed an olive oil+TFA diet could be associated with a raised Δ9?desaturase index. The fatty acid composition of tissues was scarcely modified by the consumption of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) containing similar proportions of t9-, t10-, and t11–18:1.Practical application: The present study evaluates the interaction of hydrogenated vegetable oils with different edible oils and the impact on the fatty acid (FA) profile and, specifically, TFA incorporation and retention in the tissue. Since the characterization of FA present in tissues might be determining the biological effects of edible fats, this study is relevant for elucidation of existing controversial findings associated with the intake of TFA and its effects on human metabolic alterations.
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the differential effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) on the nutritional parameters, serum and tissue triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, as well as the mechanisms involved in their regulation, in male... more
ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the differential effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) on the nutritional parameters, serum and tissue triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, as well as the mechanisms involved in their regulation, in male Wistar rats fed linoleic acid-enriched (+LA) or LA-deficient (-LA) diets. The TFA effects on nutritional parameters and TAG metabolism differed depending on the dietary LA status. In the +LA+TFA diet, compared to the +LA diet, TFA did not alter the serum TAG levels despite the increased epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and the higher hepatic TAG content associated with a lower CPT-Ia activity. Otherwise, in -LA+TFA rats vs. -LA, TFA increased the serum, liver and adipose tissue TAG levels associated with higher FAS, G6PDH and ME enzyme activities in both liver and adipose tissue, and a reduced TAG clearance by the adipose tissue LPL enzyme. Although TFA supplementation in both -LA and +LA-rats tended to decrease the CPT-Ib activity, the muscle TAG levels were not modified. We conclude that the nutritional and metabolic TFA effects depended mainly on the changes in the FA profile induced by dietary LA and, in a lesser extent, on the specific type of isomer retained in the tissues.Practical applications: Our approach involved growing animals in healthy physiological conditions with recommended levels of dietary fats, moderate intake of industrial TFA, and an unbalanced dietary LA:ALA ratio. These variables constitute a feasible situation to be observed in the human population. The present study might contribute to understand how nutritional and lipid parameters are affected in the metabolic disorders induced by TFA.