The paper presents the architecture and building blocks for a digital CNN, extending the previous ILVA design with packet switched communication and an OSI-compliant functional structure. Locality of operation results in a generic VHDL... more
The paper presents the architecture and building blocks for a digital CNN, extending the previous ILVA design with packet switched communication and an OSI-compliant functional structure. Locality of operation results in a generic VHDL description that can be easily ...
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This paper presents the design of a neurocontroller for solving complex control problems. The non-linear system dynamics of the vehicle and its tangled parameterization make the controller design for autonomous lateral vehicle guidance by... more
This paper presents the design of a neurocontroller for solving complex control problems. The non-linear system dynamics of the vehicle and its tangled parameterization make the controller design for autonomous lateral vehicle guidance by conventional system- theoretical methods difficult. Furthermore, experts have to adjust this type of controller for each new kind of vehicle. Neural networks provide an easy solution, that can be learned from measured human driving data without knowledge of physical details of the vehicle. Simulations have shown that already small-sized neural networks are able to approximate the human driving behaviour. Practical tests with the Daimler Benz autonomous vehicle OSCAR (Optical Steered CAR) have been successfully performed on public highways up to a speed of 130 km/h. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 866746.
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| Basic arguments are described to create a uniied CoDesign environment. A unique feature is the use of a single language to describe systems. Diierent subsets describe hardware as well a software, both structure and behavior. It vividly... more
| Basic arguments are described to create a uniied CoDesign environment. A unique feature is the use of a single language to describe systems. Diierent subsets describe hardware as well a software, both structure and behavior. It vividly shows software and hardware are much more alike than usually perceived. Borders between diier-ent descriptions now become artiicial, meaning we can walk much more freely in the design space. Also our tools beneet from the uniication, we need fewer of them and they are inherently more general. Recent developments in functional languages, integrating functional and imperative languages, made this approach practical for the rst time. The tool we are developing is intended to stimulate the integration of software and hardware design tools into genuine CoDesign tools. The use of a modern typed functional language such as Haskell also makes the language into a broad spectrum CoDe-sign language. Keywords| codesign, design re-use, functional imperative programming.
A neural network learns from a long history of applied patterns. To create fault-tolerance, an extended learning period is required. For actual hardware such an initialization period is too long. It is investigated how under the bounded... more
A neural network learns from a long history of applied patterns. To create fault-tolerance, an extended learning period is required. For actual hardware such an initialization period is too long. It is investigated how under the bounded delay assumption training of the neural network can be accelerated. It is concluded that the optimal training set takes not only the smallest number of learning cycles but is also delay-insensitive and therefore allows a large speed-up using the non-normal mode of operation.
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In the early days of photography, camera movement was a nuisance that could blur a picture. Once movement becomes measurable by micro-mechanical means, the effects can be compensated by optical, mechanical or digital technology to enhance... more
In the early days of photography, camera movement was a nuisance that could blur a picture. Once movement becomes measurable by micro-mechanical means, the effects can be compensated by optical, mechanical or digital technology to enhance picture quality. Alternatively movement can be quantified by processing image streams. This opens up for new functionality upon convergence of the camera and the mobile phone, for instance by ’actively extending the hand’ for remote control and interactive signage.
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The typical embedded system design starts with listing the requirements. But there will be little to go on, when the system is to be a loosely coupled network on which a number of functionalities are to be created. First, the design space... more
The typical embedded system design starts with listing the requirements. But there will be little to go on, when the system is to be a loosely coupled network on which a number of functionalities are to be created. First, the design space has to be explored to find the practical operating limits despite the fact that not everything is clearly defined at the beginning. Applying wisdom is one approach to solve the dilemma, but a more structured development scheme is advisable.
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Modularity and hierarchy are fundamental notions in structured system design. By subdividing a large and unstructured problem into smaller and tractable chunks, design automation becomes possible. In this paper we discuss the use of... more
Modularity and hierarchy are fundamental notions in structured system design. By subdividing a large and unstructured problem into smaller and tractable chunks, design automation becomes possible. In this paper we discuss the use of modularity and hierarchy for functional specialization during the development of neural networks. We study the behavioral differences and requirements for back- propagation training of feed-forward networks. Further we illustrate that a deliberate mix of hierarchically imposed evaluation functions will improve network accuracy and learning speed.
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... It takes a winner to take his share Suleyman Malki1, Lambert Spaanenburg1 and Berend-Jan van der Zwaag2 Lund University / LTH Twente University / EWI ... 698 705. [15] RS Venema and L. Spaanenburg, Learning feed-forward... more
... It takes a winner to take his share Suleyman Malki1, Lambert Spaanenburg1 and Berend-Jan van der Zwaag2 Lund University / LTH Twente University / EWI ... 698 705. [15] RS Venema and L. Spaanenburg, Learning feed-forward multi-nets, ICANNGA'01 (Prague, 2001) pp. ...
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The proper handling of alarms is crucial to automated process control. In practice, many alarms are only distractive and do not represent a fault situation. Here a toolbox, that uses an expert system called LARA, is proposed that aims to... more
The proper handling of alarms is crucial to automated process control. In practice, many alarms are only distractive and do not represent a fault situation. Here a toolbox, that uses an expert system called LARA, is proposed that aims to reduce the occurrence of so-called nuisance alarms. It is based on a signal classification scheme to propose suitable alarm handling algorithms according to the signals behavior. In a first prototype, a significant reduction of the alarms in a biofueled District Heating Plant has been achieved.
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Multilevel flow modeling (MFM) is a modeling method for complex technical systems in which the goals and functions of the system are explicitly described. MFM can be used as a basis for root cause analysis, where primary root causes are... more
Multilevel flow modeling (MFM) is a modeling method for complex technical systems in which the goals and functions of the system are explicitly described. MFM can be used as a basis for root cause analysis, where primary root causes are separated from consequential faults, in complex fault situations. Model representations for use in diagnostic reasoning usually describe causality, between parameters, faults, or process states. However, the causality of a system may vary depending on details in the construction, as well as over time with the process state. One contribution of this paper is a general method of describing varying causality in a simple and efficient way. The method has been tested using multilevel flow models. Causality is visible in measurements and can be used to increase process understanding. The standard cross - correlation technique is insufficient for causality detection in industrial processes. Another contribution of this paper is a new method that can detect causality in industrial signals, and thus be used to validate the design of multilevel flow models.
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Visual quality assurance techniques focus on the detection and qualification of abnormal structures in the image of an object. The features of abnormality are extracted through image mining, whereupon classification is performed on... more
Visual quality assurance techniques focus on the detection and qualification of abnormal structures in the image of an object. The features of abnormality are extracted through image mining, whereupon classification is performed on characteristic combinations. Many techniques for feature extraction have been proposed, but the feed-forward neural network is seldom utilized despite its popularity in other application areas. Based on the wide experience base, this paper shows how a multi-tier feed-forward network can be constructed to model detectable peaks using only the physical properties of the image domain. This generic architecture can easily be adapted for different applications, as in metal plate inspection and protein detection, with mean error rate below 5%.
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SwePub titelinformation: General introduction to ASIC design.
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ABSTRACT Industrial process signals do affect one other. However, causal dependencies, or corre- lation, and thereby consequences of control actions cannot always be understood by the operator, which may lead to accidents. Models explain... more
ABSTRACT Industrial process signals do affect one other. However, causal dependencies, or corre- lation, and thereby consequences of control actions cannot always be understood by the operator, which may lead to accidents. Models explain dependencies and are mostly built on process knowledge and blueprints, while causalities are visible in the measurements and ought to be used to increase process under- standing. In this paper we will discuss why the cross-correlation technique is insufficient for causality detection in industrial processes and we will present a new method that, for instance, can be used to validate the design of multilevel flow models.
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ABSTRACT
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Modularity is required to resolve the data interference problems that usually plague mo- nolithic designs. The presence of data interference shows from the learning curve of the net. Re- learning does not always remove the problem; then a... more
Modularity is required to resolve the data interference problems that usually plague mo- nolithic designs. The presence of data interference shows from the learning curve of the net. Re- learning does not always remove the problem; then a modular structure can be used. However, there is no guarantee that data interference can be re- moved in the simple decomposition. Ensemble
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Vision sensors are of increasing interest for non- destructive, remote measurements in industrial as well as consumer products. Their operation is based on intelligent techniques for image understanding, followed by robust quantification... more
Vision sensors are of increasing interest for non- destructive, remote measurements in industrial as well as consumer products. Their operation is based on intelligent techniques for image understanding, followed by robust quantification of the detected phenomenon. A well-known application area is movement detection and isolation. This paper discusses how movement can be detected and quantified by means of a single
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Inthe field of surface inspection, objects in surfaces are detected, classified and labelled. This is important in today’s industry since detecting defects in the ,raw material is crucial to assure the quality of the merchandise. The... more
Inthe field of surface inspection, objects in surfaces are detected, classified and labelled. This is important in today’s industry since detecting defects in the ,raw material is crucial to assure the quality of the merchandise. The thesis discusses the development phases in the automated construction of an image understanding system. Itintroduces novel techniques for the robust detection of peaks,through
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The proper handling of alarms is crucial to any automated process control. In practice, many alarms are only distractive and do not represent a potentially dangerous situation. This paper presents a methodology and a computerized tool... more
The proper handling of alarms is crucial to any automated process control. In practice, many alarms are only distractive and do not represent a potentially dangerous situation. This paper presents a methodology and a computerized tool that aims to remove such nuisance alarms, a so-called alarm cleanup. This is a general, systematic approach that takes advantage of the control system's
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ABSTRACT
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Basic arguments are described to create a unified Co-Design environment. A unique feature is the use of a single language to describe systems. Different subsets describe hardware, both structure and behavior, as well as software. It... more
Basic arguments are described to create a unified Co-Design environment. A unique feature is the use of a single language to describe systems. Different subsets describe hardware, both structure and behavior, as well as software. It vividly shows that software and hardware are much more alike than usually perceived. Borders between the different descriptions now become artificial, meaning we can walk much more freely in the design space. Also our tools benefit from the unification: we need fewer of them and they are inherently more general. Recent developments in functional languages, integrating functional and imperative languages, made this approach practical for the first time. The tool we are developing is intended to stimulate the integration of software and hardware design tools into genuine Co-Design tools. The use of a modern typed functional language such as Haskell also makes the language into a broad spectrum Co-Design language
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Advanced Principles Group (APG) has developed a Reconfigurable Computing Board (RCB) based on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGA family, potentially capable of 1.5 - 2.0 TeraOps of compute power, 100 Gbps I/O on front panel, 4 Gbps I/O on... more
Advanced Principles Group (APG) has developed a Reconfigurable Computing Board (RCB) based on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGA family, potentially capable of 1.5 - 2.0 TeraOps of compute power, 100 Gbps I/O on front panel, 4 Gbps I/O on backplane, as well as containing more than 4 GBytes of on-board memory. Computationally complex applications such as Software-Defined Radio, Synthetic Aperture Radar, Hyper-Spectral Imaging and Cellular Neural Networks drive similar wide bandwidths and therefore require super-computing I/O and signal processing densities far exceeding the capabilities of current and future microprocessor-based system technology. We illustrate how such applications benefit from the large amount of local FPGA-accessible memory (4+ GBytes) provided on the RCB.
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Vision sensors are of increasing interest for non-intrusive, remote measurements in industrial as well as consumer products. Their operation is based on intelligent techniques for image understanding, followed by robust quantification of... more
Vision sensors are of increasing interest for non-intrusive, remote measurements in industrial as well as consumer products. Their operation is based on intelligent techniques for image understanding, followed by robust quantification of the detected phenomenon. A well-known application area is movement detection and isolation. This paper discusses how movement can be detected and quantified by means of a single cellular
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ABSTRACT Large-scale distributed networks are not easy to control centrally. Local set-point variations will likely create flooding alarm fluctuations. However, local control can cause emergence of unwanted network behavior. The paper... more
ABSTRACT Large-scale distributed networks are not easy to control centrally. Local set-point variations will likely create flooding alarm fluctuations. However, local control can cause emergence of unwanted network behavior. The paper overviews the problems with model-based control in sensory networks, such as currently rolled out for the Electric Grid, and shows how networked intelligence can bridge between central and distributed control.
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From a practical point of view, template decomposition is an im- portant issue since image processing operations can be non−localwhile the cells in physical CNN realizations often only communicate with cells in their direct neigh-... more
From a practical point of view, template decomposition is an im- portant issue since image processing operations can be non−localwhile the cells in physical CNN realizations often only communicate with cells in their direct neigh- borhood.InthispapertheexistingrelationbetweenMathematicalMorphologyand CNNs is used to derive an optimal template decomposition strategy for a specific class of templates. The strategy is based on the decomposition of
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... part of the CLPR-system consists of a combination of discrete-time cellular neural ... and M. Horino, Development of Vehicle-License Number Recognition Systemus-ing Real-TimeImageProcessing and ... Shu, W. Chen, Y. Chen and K. Wen,... more
... part of the CLPR-system consists of a combination of discrete-time cellular neural ... and M. Horino, Development of Vehicle-License Number Recognition Systemus-ing Real-TimeImageProcessing and ... Shu, W. Chen, Y. Chen and K. Wen, A PC-Based Licence Plate Reader, in ...