Different forms of farm programs (FPs) have been being developed and aired by Bangladesh Betar (BB) for decades to hasten the development of agriculture and the farming communities of Bangladesh. These programs are in dire need of... more
Different forms of farm programs (FPs) have been being developed and aired by Bangladesh Betar (BB) for decades to hasten the development of agriculture and the farming communities of Bangladesh. These programs are in dire need of academic study for in-depth evaluation to discern their effectiveness. This study was supposed to reveal the effectiveness of the FP of BB in respect of the extent to which it reaches the farmers of Bangladesh. Data and necessary information were collected by means of document analysis and survey methods. A sample of 465 respondents was selected for questionnaire survey through a structured questionnaire. Frequency distribution and z-test for significance test of proportions were done for data analysis. It was divulged that the FPs of BB were ineffectual because they failed to reach almost all (93.33%) of the farmers. Radio set, a culturally unfit device was possessed by only a few (4.30%) of the farmers. Most of the farmers were accustomed to unauthorized...
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Infertility has become a growing problem among reproductive aged women in both developing and developed countries. Recent statistics indicate a significant number of married couples suffering from infertility and visiting infertility... more
Infertility has become a growing problem among reproductive aged women in both developing and developed countries. Recent statistics indicate a significant number of married couples suffering from infertility and visiting infertility centers has increased in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors associated with infertility in Bangladeshi women. This is a retrospective study and data were collected from 450 reproductive aged women purposively using a structured questionnaire from an infertility center in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to reach the objectives. The results revealed that most respondents (58.2%) were overweight and obese by measuring Body Mass Index (BMI). Age, age at first marriage, BMI, duration of contraceptive use, husband's diabetes status, and husband's drug addiction were found significantly associated with infertility. Infertility cases were found to be higher among women aged ≥30 years (OR: 10.16; 95% CI: 2.70-38.2; p <0.001). Overweight and obese women are 2.33 times more likely to be infertile compared to underweight women (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 0.12-0.57; p <0.008). The couple who use the contraceptive for 2 years and above are around 2 times more likely to be infertile compared to those using it for ≤ 7 months (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 0.97-4.09; p <0.059). The women whose husbands use drugs are 5.51 times at higher risk to be infertile compared to those women whose husbands did not take drugs (OR: 5.51; 95% CI: 2.35-12.90; p <0.000). Thus, child expected couples should consider the aforesaid factors. As infertility has a complex relation with basic risk factors, the study findings may help the health policy researchers to address more underlying risk factors of infertility in their further studies. Moreover, these results could be carefully considered by the government and stakeholders to find effective interventions and solutions to the infertility problem in Bangladesh, especially in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh.
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ObjectiveRates of migration have increased substantially in recent years and so has the number of left-behind children (LBC). We investigated the impact of parental migration on nutritional disorders of LBC in Bangladesh.DesignWe analysed... more
ObjectiveRates of migration have increased substantially in recent years and so has the number of left-behind children (LBC). We investigated the impact of parental migration on nutritional disorders of LBC in Bangladesh.DesignWe analysed data from the nationally representative cross-sectional Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012–2013. Child stunting, wasting and underweight were used as measures of nutritional disorders. Descriptive statistics were used to describe characteristics of the respondents and to compare nutritional outcomes based on status of parental migration. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between parental migration and child nutritional disorders.SettingBangladesh.ParticipantsData of 23 402 children (aged <5 years), their parents and households.ResultsIn the unadjusted models, parental migration was found significantly protective for stunting, wasting and underweight – both separately and jointly. After potential co...
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Globally, HIV/AIDS is major killer disease and public health concern and men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher rates of HIV/AIDs and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) than women and heterosexual men. The assessment of... more
Globally, HIV/AIDS is major killer disease and public health concern and men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher rates of HIV/AIDs and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) than women and heterosexual men. The assessment of vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) has long been an interesting topic to population and health researchers. The aim of this study was an effort to assess the determinant factors of preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection among MSM in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. It was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 103 MSM. The data and necessary information were collected through a semi structured questionnaire from a drop-in center in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. The preventive knowledge on HIV/AIDS was measured by eight different questions. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the data to find the associated risk factors on HIV/AIDS among MSM. The results ...
The main purpose of this study is to find the awareness level as well as the determinants of awareness on HIV/AIDS
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that, “[i]ncreases in life expectancy have been attributed to improvements in sanitation, ” (p.117) but fail to either reference or test for this assertion. In their analysis of recent data for poor and middle-income countries, they only... more
that, “[i]ncreases in life expectancy have been attributed to improvements in sanitation, ” (p.117) but fail to either reference or test for this assertion. In their analysis of recent data for poor and middle-income countries, they only focus on fertility, schooling, income, physician density, and human immunodeficiency virus prevalence. According to the World Health Organization’s World Health Statistics 2013 (p.107), improved sanitation is a recognized factor associated with life expectancy and should therefore be included in multivariate regression analysis of life expectancy. Correlating cross-sectional data from the United States Central Intelligence Agency’s World Factbook for 2012 yields a coefficient of 69 % (N = 161) for improved sanitation and life expectancy; by contrast, income per capita, which has been regarded since Samuel Preston’s ground-breaking 1975 study in Population Studies as the driving force in explaining life expectancy in a cross-national setting, only sc...
The children with disabilities (CWDs) from low socio-economic status are always being discriminated and subjected to abuse and exploitation within the family and society. So, the main aims of the study were to identify the childhood... more
The children with disabilities (CWDs) from low socio-economic status are always being discriminated and subjected to abuse and exploitation within the family and society. So, the main aims of the study were to identify the childhood disabilities and protections for the disabled children including those who are at-risk of sexual abuse and exploitation in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. A total of 500 (250 males, 250 females) children at Rajshahi were assessed for identifying disabilities as well as explored the risk of abuse and protection. Thirty-three mothers of disabled children, 10 professionals, and 4 special education teachers also participated in this study. To assess the disabilities of the children, Denver Screening Questionnaire (DSQ) and Ten Questions with Plus (TQP) were used. The two sets of questionnaires were used to collect demographic and household information. Another set of questionnaire was used to explore the risk of abuse, types of abuse and identifying the abusers a...
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The knowledge that cervical neoplasia are caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has led to the evaluation of its role in screening of cervical neoplasia. This study was carried out to evaluate the accuracy of HPV-DNA test in... more
The knowledge that cervical neoplasia are caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has led to the evaluation of its role in screening of cervical neoplasia. This study was carried out to evaluate the accuracy of HPV-DNA test in diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix in relation to histopathology. Total no of 115 eligible women were included in this study. After recording relevant data cervix was examined on naked eye by cuscos speculum. Paps smear collection and VIA tests were done concurrently. Colposcopic examination was done who were positive in screening tests. In addition, subjects with grossly abnormal cervix even with negative in screening tests were also referred for colposcopy. Samples for HPV DNA were taken from the patients referred for colposcopy and biopsies were done in the same patients. Those with CIN I or worse lesions diagnosed by histology were considered as true positive. The study results showed the test parameters for VIA were sensitivi...
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The purpose of the present study was to prosecute a rigid survey on minor community Chakma in rural Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) area of Bangladesh. Present study consists 200 households of Chakma community. The data were collected from... more
The purpose of the present study was to prosecute a rigid survey on minor community Chakma in rural Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) area of Bangladesh. Present study consists 200 households of Chakma community. The data were collected from the rural areas of Panchari and Dighinala thanas of Khagrachari district. In the present study demonstrated that the literacy rate of rural Chakma is higher but per head monthly income is lower than that of the national level of Bangladesh. The average family size of Chakma community is consistent to the family size of national level. The dependency rate of Chakma is lower than that of national level. At least one child of 48% rural Chakma’s family drooped out from primary education. Also, logistic regression model showed that the socioeconomic conditions of Chakma families were significantly (5% level of significance) affect the droop out from education. However, it does not depend on the distance of the nearest educational institution from home.
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The aim in this paper is to investigate the effect of age factor of mother as a cause of pregnancy wastage and delivery types. Using the information from 2967 mothers of Rajshahi District within the reproductive span (15-49 years), we... more
The aim in this paper is to investigate the effect of age factor of mother as a cause of pregnancy wastage and delivery types. Using the information from 2967 mothers of Rajshahi District within the reproductive span (15-49 years), we have found that the proportion of pregnancy wastage to live birth in two edges of reproductive span is tremendously dodgy whereas in other age groups between 20 and 35 these are comparatively benign. Further, 6717 births were accounted to investigate the flow of caesarian deliveries over the ages. We found 359 caesarian deliveries against 6358 natural (vaginal) deliveries. Some statistical tools were used and the velocity and elasticity curves were drawn to analyze the risk of pregnancy wastage and caesarian deliveries. Our result shows that the risk of caesarian delivery increases with the increased age and this risk moves faster than the age.
Migration is a process that occurs between two geographical places of population with high ambition and many objectives. Rural to urban migration is responsible for two-third of the increment of urban population annually in Bangladesh.... more
Migration is a process that occurs between two geographical places of population with high ambition and many objectives. Rural to urban migration is responsible for two-third of the increment of urban population annually in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study is to identify the direct and indirect effects of some selected socio-economic and demographic variables on female migrants. For this study, the data is collected using three-stage sampling technique from Meherpur Sadar Thana under Meherpur district, Bangladesh. To fulfill the objectives, path model analysis was to estimate the direct, indirect and joint contribution of socio-economic and demographic variables on females' decision of migrantion. It is found that age at first marriage, religion and occupation of respondent have significant direct negative effects while educational qualification of respondent have direct positive effects on female migration.
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The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the existing safe-delivery facilities in six divisions of Bangladesh and also investigate the effects of so me selected factors in taking assistance from medically-trained... more
The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the existing safe-delivery facilities in six divisions of Bangladesh and also investigate the effects of so me selected factors in taking assistance from medically-trained persons, such as doctors, trained nurses or midwives, or family welfare visitors during delivery, with a view to reducing maternal morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh so that the country would be able to reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. Data for the study were drawn from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2004. The study was executed separately for six administrative divisions for the five-year period preceding the survey, having an eligible woman with one or more child (ren). Well-known statistical tools, such as Pearson chi-square test and logistic regression model, were used for analyzing data. It is apparent from the study that the overall performance of respondents of six divisions towards safe delivery pra...
Background: Life expectancy (LE) at birth is relatively poor in thelow- and lower-middle-income countries compared to the developed countries. There are many factors for this poor status of LE in these countries. Communicable disease in... more
Background: Life expectancy (LE) at birth is relatively poor in thelow- and lower-middle-income countries compared to the developed countries. There are many factors for this poor status of LE in these countries. Communicable disease in the human body is found to be one of the main causes. Aim: To determine the effects of communicable diseases on LE at birth in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Methods: Data of 82 low- and lower-middle-income countries were extracted from the World Health Statistics 2018. In this study, the dependent variable is LE at birth, and the communicable diseases such as new Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) infections, Tuberculosis (TB) incidences, Malaria incidences, and Hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence among children under 5 years are the independent variables. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and Linear regression model were used to examine the data. Results: The lowest (52.90 years) and highest (76.30 years) LE at b...
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The aim of the present study is to estimate demographic parameters of Bangladesh using 1974 Census data. Age specific death rates (ASDRs) and life expectancy at birth for both sexes have been estimated from male and female life tables... more
The aim of the present study is to estimate demographic parameters of Bangladesh using 1974 Census data. Age specific death rates (ASDRs) and life expectancy at birth for both sexes have been estimated from male and female life tables constructed by Widowhood Method. Crude death rate (CDR) for both sexes has been estimated using estimated AS DRs and smoothed age structure for both sexes of 197 4 census. Crude birth rate (CBR) for both sexes has also been estimated from the balancing equation. The estimated population parameters are life expectancy at birth e0 = 45.47 years, crude death rate (CDR) = 20.46 per thousand, growth rate =26.00 per thousand and crude birth rate (CBR) = 46.46 per thousand for both sexes. Age structure and ASDRs for both sexes of Bangladesh in 1974 follow modified negative exponential model and 4n, degree polynomial mode/,. respectively. Model validation technique, cross-validity prediction power (CVPP), P~v, is applied to these models to veriJtJ the stability of these models.
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DESCRIPTION Background: Life expectancy (LE) at birth, a widely used indicator of the overall development of a country. Therefore, we attempted to build up the relationships between sociodemographic and health factors with LE in the least... more
DESCRIPTION Background: Life expectancy (LE) at birth, a widely used indicator of the overall development of a country. Therefore, we attempted to build up the relationships between sociodemographic and health factors with LE in the least developed countries (LDCs).
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Introduction: Delay in diagnosis regarding Tuberculosis (TB) is common in developing country as well as in Bangladesh. Therefore, the aim of the study is to identify the factors which have effects on delay in diagnosis. Methodology: A... more
Introduction: Delay in diagnosis regarding Tuberculosis (TB) is common in developing country as well as in Bangladesh. Therefore, the aim of the study is to identify the factors which have effects on delay in diagnosis. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. A total of 384 TB patients were took part in the interview presented in the study areas for seeking treatment. The samples were selected using stratified random sampling with simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression methods in SPSS were employed in this analysis. Results: The results revealed that around 76.3% patients delay in diagnosis and among them 81.3% pulmonary patients were found delay. Patients’ sex, educational status, area of living, and monthly family income were significantly associated with delay in the diagnosis of TB, as obtained through Chisquare test. Multivariate logistic regression method identif...