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This paper presents an Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) microstrip filter which is initially modeled from a quarter-wavelength short-circuited stubs, without the use of any vias. All vias that provide short circuit stubs are replaced by microstrip... more
This paper presents an Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) microstrip filter which is initially modeled from a quarter-wavelength short-circuited stubs, without the use of any vias. All vias that provide short circuit stubs are replaced by microstrip patches which have low impedance at high ...
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In this paper, a comprehensive study has been made on the detection of free fatty acids (FFAs) in palm oil via an optical technique based on enzymatic aminolysis reactions. FFAs in crude palm oil (CPO) were converted into fatty hydroxamic... more
In this paper, a comprehensive study has been made on the detection of free fatty acids (FFAs) in palm oil via an optical technique based on enzymatic aminolysis reactions. FFAs in crude palm oil (CPO) were converted into fatty hydroxamic acids (FHAs) in a biphasic lipid/aqueous medium in the presence of immobilized lipase. The colored compound formed after complexation between FHA and vanadium (V) ion solution was proportional to the FFA content in the CPO samples and was analyzed using a spectrophotometric method. In order to develop a rapid detection system, the parameters involved in the aminolysis process were studied. The utilization of immobilized lipase as catalyst during the aminolysis process offers simplicity in the product isolation and the possibility of conducting the process under extreme reaction conditions. A good agreement was found between the developed method using immobilized Thermomyces lanuginose lipase as catalyst for the aminolysis process and the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) standard titration method (R2 = 0.9453).
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The electrical behaviour of double lateral gate junctionless transistors, regarding to the variation of channel thickness is investigated, through 3-D numerical simulations. The simulation results explicitly show that how the device... more
The electrical behaviour of double lateral gate junctionless transistors, regarding to the variation of channel thickness is investigated, through 3-D numerical simulations. The simulation results explicitly show that how the device thickness affect the on and off current and threshold voltage behavior based on variation of the carriers density and recombination rates of the carriers. As the channel thickness is decreased, the amount of bulk neutral channel getting smaller which cause a decrease in the on state current. Meanwhile, the lateral gate influence on the channel is reinforced, which cause a decrease in leakage current in the off state. Threshold voltage is decreased as the channel thickness decreases. However, the recombination rate of carriers increases with decreasing the channel thickness, due to the accumulation of minority carries and shifted to the source side of the channel.
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Double gate junctionless (DGJLT) transistor, as a pinch off device, was previously fabricated. In this letter, the impact of channel width variation on behaviour of the device is studied by means of 3D-TCAD simulation tool. In this... more
Double gate junctionless (DGJLT) transistor, as a pinch off device, was previously fabricated. In this letter, the impact of channel width variation on behaviour of the device is studied by means of 3D-TCAD simulation tool. In this matter, the transfer characteristics, energy band diagram (valence/conduction band) and normal electric field along the nanowire between the source and the drain are studied at pinch off state. By decreasing the nanowire width, the on current decreases. Threshold voltage also reduced by decreasing the wire width. The highest electric field occurs at off state and the normal component of the electric field is stronger for smaller channel width. At pinch off state, the energy band diagrams revealed that a potential barrier against the current flow was built in channel which the smallest width has higher potential barrier. The overall result agrees with the behaviour of the nanowire junctionless transistors.
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ABSTRACT
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ABSTRACT Tapered optical fibers coated with graphene and graphene oxide (GO) as the active layer for ethanol sensing were reported. The multimode optical fiber with 125 µm diameter was tapered to 40 µm diameter to enhance the sensitivity.... more
ABSTRACT Tapered optical fibers coated with graphene and graphene oxide (GO) as the active layer for ethanol sensing were reported. The multimode optical fiber with 125 µm diameter was tapered to 40 µm diameter to enhance the sensitivity. Graphene and GO thin films were characterized using a scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The absorbance properties of the developed sensors increased when exposed to ethanol due to the change of light in the evanescent field. The sensing results indicated that the GO-coated sensor showed better performance with absorbance change of 80 % towards ethanol concentration of 5 % when compared to graphene-coated sensor with 40 % absorbance change towards ethanol with similar concentrations. The reliable response of the graphene and GO-coated on tapered fibers for detecting ethanol concentrations was achieved at room temperature.
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This paper presents design of proportional-integral-derivative fuzzy logic controller (PIDFLC) to control the position in AC motor. Fuzzy logic controller has been designed using VHDL language for implementation in field programmable gate... more
This paper presents design of proportional-integral-derivative fuzzy logic controller (PIDFLC) to control the position in AC motor. Fuzzy logic controller has been designed using VHDL language for implementation in field programmable gate array (FPGA). Two version of the controller have been designed, the first one is 6-bits which uses 6-bits for each input/output variables (6FBC), while the second uses 8-bits
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Digital predistortion of a baseband signal is a well-known method of power amplifier (PA) linearization used to reduce adjacent channel interference (ACI) in a non constant envelope modulation system. This paper discusses the application... more
Digital predistortion of a baseband signal is a well-known method of power amplifier (PA) linearization used to reduce adjacent channel interference (ACI) in a non constant envelope modulation system. This paper discusses the application of adaptive digital baseband predistortion linearization to radio frequency (RF) power amplifiers (PAs) that exhibit memory effects. This technique is a highly cost- effective way to
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Research and development on gas sensors design and fabrication demands the needs for test chambers as the characterizing and testing of gas sensor are based on its detection of the concentration of different type of gas under the... more
Research and development on gas sensors design and fabrication demands the needs for test chambers as the characterizing and testing of gas sensor are based on its detection of the concentration of different type of gas under the influence of temperature and also humidity. This project, a fully temperature controlled test chamber is about the design and development of a
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Abstract In this paper, a compact 5 poles Ultra-Wideband (UWB) microwave filter is designed by using a quarter wave short-circuited stubs. The UWB filter bandwidth is covered from 2.75 GHz to 10.0 GHz. This filter designed is developed... more
Abstract In this paper, a compact 5 poles Ultra-Wideband (UWB) microwave filter is designed by using a quarter wave short-circuited stubs. The UWB filter bandwidth is covered from 2.75 GHz to 10.0 GHz. This filter designed is developed from a Low Pass Chebychev prototype ...
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This paper presents a novel compact "via-less" UWB filter derived from a quarter-wavelength short-circuited stubs model. In this compact "via-less" UWB filter, there is no connecting vias as short circuit elements.... more
This paper presents a novel compact "via-less" UWB filter derived from a quarter-wavelength short-circuited stubs model. In this compact "via-less" UWB filter, there is no connecting vias as short circuit elements. Unlike its previous model that has 5 short-circuited stubs, this novel ...
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Abstract This paper presents the full design, operational principle, structure and frequency response simulation of one-port Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Resonator using Micro Wave Office (MWO) and MATLAB used for passive wireless sensing... more
Abstract This paper presents the full design, operational principle, structure and frequency response simulation of one-port Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Resonator using Micro Wave Office (MWO) and MATLAB used for passive wireless sensing of various measurands. Since SAW Resonators are widely used in radio frequency sensing application, the development and evolution of present day SAW devices has been possible only due to simultaneous efforts to simulate these devices and also it is desirable to evaluate the device prior to ...
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A double-lateral-gate p-type junctionless transistor is fabricated on a low-doped (10(15)) silicon-on-insulator wafer by a lithography technique based on scanning probe microscopy and two steps of wet chemical etching. The experimental... more
A double-lateral-gate p-type junctionless transistor is fabricated on a low-doped (10(15)) silicon-on-insulator wafer by a lithography technique based on scanning probe microscopy and two steps of wet chemical etching. The experimental transfer characteristics are obtained and compared with the numerical characteristics of the device. The simulation results are used to investigate the pinch-off mechanism, from the flat band to the off state. The study is based on the variation of the carrier density and the electric-field components. The device is a pinch-off transistor, which is normally in the on state and is driven into the off state by the application of a positive gate voltage. We demonstrate that the depletion starts from the bottom corner of the channel facing the gates and expands toward the center and top of the channel. Redistribution of the carriers due to the electric field emanating from the gates creates an electric field perpendicular to the current, toward the bottom...
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This paper presents a new type diode connected MOS transistor to improve CMOS conventional rectifier's performance in RF energy harvester systems for wireless sensor networks in which the circuits are... more
This paper presents a new type diode connected MOS transistor to improve CMOS conventional rectifier's performance in RF energy harvester systems for wireless sensor networks in which the circuits are designed in 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology. The proposed diode connected MOS transistor uses a new bulk connection which leads to reduction in the threshold voltage and leakage current; therefore, it contributes to increment of the rectifier's output voltage, output current, and efficiency when it is well important in the conventional CMOS rectifiers. The design technique for the rectifiers is explained and a matching network has been proposed to increase the sensitivity of the proposed rectifier. Five-stage rectifier with a matching network is proposed based on the optimization. The simulation results shows 18.2% improvement in the efficiency of the rectifier circuit and increase in sensitivity of RF energy harvester circuit. All circuits are designed in 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology.
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Abstract This paper present the full design consideration, operational principle, structure and frequency response simulation of one-port Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Resonator using Micro Wave Office (MWO) and MATLAB used for passive... more
Abstract This paper present the full design consideration, operational principle, structure and frequency response simulation of one-port Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Resonator using Micro Wave Office (MWO) and MATLAB used for passive wireless sensing of various ...