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Research Interests: Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Chromatography, Pharmacokinetics, Medicine, and 14 moreDrug, Calibration, Animals, Male, Urine, Solubility, High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Rats, Feces, Reproducibility of Results, Quinolines, Freezing, Reference standards, and Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
This paper argues that the process of othering is central to understanding of collective violence in multi-cultural societies. It discusses how construction of the other comes about and feeds into the construction of personal and social... more
This paper argues that the process of othering is central to understanding of collective violence in multi-cultural societies. It discusses how construction of the other comes about and feeds into the construction of personal and social identities. We examine purity and ideology as two bases of otherness in the context of Indian society and discuss different types of the other. This paper ends with a discussion of processes and mechanisms that can make un-othering possible in the context of Indian society.
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The present armamentarium of commercially available antidotes provides limited protection against the neurological effects of organophosphate exposure. Hence, there is an urgent need to design and develop molecules that can protect and... more
The present armamentarium of commercially available antidotes provides limited protection against the neurological effects of organophosphate exposure. Hence, there is an urgent need to design and develop molecules that can protect and reactivate inhibited-AChE in the central nervous system. Some natural compounds like glucose and certain amino acids (glutamate, the anion of glutamic acid) can easily cross the blood brain barrier although they are highly polar. Glucose is mainly transported by systems like glucose transporter protein type 1 (GLUT1). For this reason, a series of non-quaternary and quaternary glycosylated imidazolium oximes with different alkane linkers have been designed and synthesized. These compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro reactivation ability against pesticide (paraoxon-ethyl and paraoxon-methyl) inhibited-AChE and compared with standards antidote AChE reactivators pralidoxime and obidoxime. Several physicochemical properties including acid dissociation constant (pKa), logP, logD, HBD and HBA, have also been assessed for reported compounds. Out of the synthesized compounds, three have exhibited comparable potency with a standard antidote (pralidoxime).
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The article discusses the case of the Kol tribal people who have been working as bonded labourers in the stone quarries and silica sand mines near Allahabad, India. It analyses the conditions and factors that have been responsible for... more
The article discusses the case of the Kol tribal people who have been working as bonded labourers in the stone quarries and silica sand mines near Allahabad, India. It analyses the conditions and factors that have been responsible for keeping them bonded for many generations. The article details and discusses a social intervention made by us to ensure sustainable freedom for these bonded tribal. The intervention focused on conscientisation of the public and government departments and also of the larger community. It sought to reduce fear of freedom of the bonded, and attempted to change their agency beliefs. It also focused on developing the binding and bridging components of social capital to improve their inter-personal functioning in order to strengthen the SHGs (self-help groups) which they had formed and also the Federation of the SHGs.
Research Interests: Sociology and Psychology
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In addition to being valuable source of energy, carbohydrates, one of the main dietary components, are integral parts of the cell. As extra-... more
In addition to being valuable source of energy, carbohydrates, one of the main dietary components, are integral parts of the cell. As extra- & intracellular molecules they act as cell surface receptor and also as signaling molecules playing predominant role in molecular recognition and many other cellular processes. The clear understanding of their role in the various important biological events has led to the demand for easy access of diverse glycoconjugates for their complete chemical and biological investigations. Several carbohydrate-based molecules both of synthetic and natural origin are known for their wide range of pharmacological activities and even many of them are clinically used to treat different ailments. Due to their structural diversity in terms of functional groups, ring size and linkages they are valuable scaffolds in drug discovery processes. Because of the hydrophilic nature of monosaccharides they offer good water solubility, optimum pharmacokinetics and decreased toxicity. These naturally occurring molecules have therefore been extensively used to access diverse library of compounds with great chemotherapeutic importance. This review highlights an overview of development of carbohydrate-based molecules from others and our lab which have shown promising biological activity against front line diseases.
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Abstract Reductive amination of glycosyl aldehydes (1a–c, 2) with glycosyl amino esters (3a–c, 4) in the presence of sodium borohydride gave diglycosylated amino esters (5–15) in good yield. N‐Glycosyl‐glycosylated amino esters were... more
Abstract Reductive amination of glycosyl aldehydes (1a–c, 2) with glycosyl amino esters (3a–c, 4) in the presence of sodium borohydride gave diglycosylated amino esters (5–15) in good yield. N‐Glycosyl‐glycosylated amino esters were reduced to the respective ...
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The present research is a continuation of other recent studies (Sinha, Jain and Pandey, 1980; Pandey, Kakkar, and Bohra, 1982) related to attributions of the causes of poverty. In that study income and ownership of means of production... more
The present research is a continuation of other recent studies (Sinha, Jain and Pandey, 1980; Pandey, Kakkar, and Bohra, 1982) related to attributions of the causes of poverty. In that study income and ownership of means of production were considered major determinants ...
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The paper engages with Jahoda’s (2012) and Moghaddam’s (2012) papers and examines Jahoda’s stand of not seeking to define culture because of the problems posed by the term. It is argued that clarification of a concept can be achieved... more
The paper engages with Jahoda’s (2012) and Moghaddam’s (2012) papers and examines Jahoda’s stand of not seeking to define culture because of the problems posed by the term. It is argued that clarification of a concept can be achieved through systematic analysis of definitions of a term and an acceptable definition can be co-constructed. Definitions are seen important where social policies are to be formulated. Moghaddam’s concept of “omniculturalism” is found problematic in addressing issues related to religious fundamentalism as it does not contest the policies and values of neo-liberalism enshrined in globalization. We suggest an alternate twin strategy that will first address problems of structural inequalities and injustice, followed by intergroup dialoguing involving various religious groups to deal with the processes that lead to creation of the other.
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5-azido-5-deoxy-xylo-, ribo-, and arabinofuranoses were prepared by the reaction of the respective 5-O-(methanesulfonyl) or p-toluenesulfonyl derivatives with NaN3 in DMF. The intermediate 5-azido-5-deoxy glycofuranoses on... more
5-azido-5-deoxy-xylo-, ribo-, and arabinofuranoses were prepared by the reaction of the respective 5-O-(methanesulfonyl) or p-toluenesulfonyl derivatives with NaN3 in DMF. The intermediate 5-azido-5-deoxy glycofuranoses on 1,3-cycloaddition with different alkynes in the presence of CuSO4 and sodium ascorbate gave the corresponding sugar triazoles in very good yields. The synthesized sugar triazoles were evaluated for their antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, where one of the compounds displayed mild antitubercular activity in vitro with MIC 12.5 microg/mL.
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... Auteur(s) / Author(s). MADAPA S. ; TUSI Z. ; SRIDHAR D. ; KUMAR A. ; SIDDIQI MI ; SRIVASTAVA K. ; RIZVI A. ; TRIPATHI R. ; PURI SK ; SHIVA KESHAVA GB ; SHUKLA PK ; BATRA S. ; Revue / Journal Title. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry... more
... Auteur(s) / Author(s). MADAPA S. ; TUSI Z. ; SRIDHAR D. ; KUMAR A. ; SIDDIQI MI ; SRIVASTAVA K. ; RIZVI A. ; TRIPATHI R. ; PURI SK ; SHIVA KESHAVA GB ; SHUKLA PK ; BATRA S. ; Revue / Journal Title. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry ISSN 0968-0896 Source / Source. ...
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A total of 80 new 2-methyl-6-ureido-4-quinolinamides were synthesized and evaluated for their antimalarial activity. Several analogs elicited the antimalarial effect at MIC of 0.25 mg/mL against the chlooquine-sensitive P. falciparum... more
A total of 80 new 2-methyl-6-ureido-4-quinolinamides were synthesized and evaluated for their antimalarial activity. Several analogs elicited the antimalarial effect at MIC of 0.25 mg/mL against the chlooquine-sensitive P. falciparum strain. The IC(50) values of the active compounds were observed to be in ng/mL range and two of the analogs have better IC(50) value than the standard chloroquine. In the in vivo assay against mdr CQ resistant P. yoelii N67/P. yoelii nigeriensis, however, none of the compound showed complete suppression of parasitemia on day 7. One of the compounds displayed significant antibacterial effect against several strains of bacteria and was many-fold better than the standard drug gentamicin.
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An efficient synthesis of biaryl ethers, from electron-deficient aryl halides using NaH/DMSO under metal- and phenol-free conditions, has been achieved to access dibenzo-bistriazolo-1,4,7-oxadiazonines and vancomycin-like... more
An efficient synthesis of biaryl ethers, from electron-deficient aryl halides using NaH/DMSO under metal- and phenol-free conditions, has been achieved to access dibenzo-bistriazolo-1,4,7-oxadiazonines and vancomycin-like glyco-macrocycles. A 44-membered glyco-macrocycle showed promising activity against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA).
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Reductive amination of glycosyl aldehydes (1a-1c, 2) with glycosyl amino esters (3a-3c, 4) in presence of sodium borohydride gave diglycosylated amino esters (5-15) in good yields. N-Glycosyl-glycosylated amino esters were reduced to the... more
Reductive amination of glycosyl aldehydes (1a-1c, 2) with glycosyl amino esters (3a-3c, 4) in presence of sodium borohydride gave diglycosylated amino esters (5-15) in good yields. N-Glycosyl-glycosylated amino esters were reduced to the respective diglycosyl amino alcohols (16-26) with LiAlH4 in good yierlds. All the synthesized compounds were studied for their inhibitory effect, if any, against hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase and intestinal brush border membrane α-glucosidase, among these compounds 7, 21 and 25 have shown marked inhibition on these enzymes, respectively.
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A number of 3-O-[2'-hydroxy-3'-N,N-aminopropan-1'-yl]-alpha-D-glucofuranoses were synthesised by regioselective oxirane ring opening in compound 2 with different secondary amines followed by... more
A number of 3-O-[2'-hydroxy-3'-N,N-aminopropan-1'-yl]-alpha-D-glucofuranoses were synthesised by regioselective oxirane ring opening in compound 2 with different secondary amines followed by selective deacetalisation. All the compounds were tested for their immunomodulatory potential in vitro; seven of them expressed significant immunostimulant activity.
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A series of β-C-glycosylic ketones were prepared starting from d-glucose, d-xylose, d-mannose, and cellobiose. The β-C-glycosylic ketones on aldol condensation with different aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a suitable organocatalyst... more
A series of β-C-glycosylic ketones were prepared starting from d-glucose, d-xylose, d-mannose, and cellobiose. The β-C-glycosylic ketones on aldol condensation with different aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a suitable organocatalyst led to the formation of respective C-(E)-cinnamoyl glycosides stereoselectively in good yields as precursors for the synthesis of biologically active compounds.
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Reaction of 2-hydroxybutyrophenones1–5 with ethoxycarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane furnishes the 4-propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones6–10.
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The phenyl group and polysubstituted benzenes are key structures of great utility in synthetic and natural product chemistry, medicinal chemistry and material sciences. Hydroxylated biphenyl derivatives occur in a large number of... more
The phenyl group and polysubstituted benzenes are key structures of great utility in synthetic and natural product chemistry, medicinal chemistry and material sciences. Hydroxylated biphenyl derivatives occur in a large number of naturally occurring compounds, such as ...
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DBU catalyzed condensation of 3-O-benzyl(methyl)-5,6-dideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-beta-L-threo-hept-4-enofuranuronates with different aldehydes produces the corresponding... more
DBU catalyzed condensation of 3-O-benzyl(methyl)-5,6-dideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-beta-L-threo-hept-4-enofuranuronates with different aldehydes produces the corresponding 3-O-benzyl(methyl)-6-carbethoxy-5,6-dideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-7-phenyl-beta-L-threo-hept-4-enofuranoses. The latter on treatment with methanesulfonyl chloride followed by DBU catalyzed E2 reaction of the methanesulfonyloxy intermediates gave the respective 3-O-benzyl(methyl)-6-carbethoxy-5,6,7-trideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-7-phenyl-beta-L-threo-hept-4,6-dienofuranose in moderate to good yields.
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An organocatalytic multicomponent reaction involving 3, 4-dihydro-(2H)-pyran, aromatic aldehydes, and urea/thiourea as substrates and l-proline/TFA as catalyst afforded hexahydropyrano pyrimidinones (thiones) in good yields. The method is... more
An organocatalytic multicomponent reaction involving 3, 4-dihydro-(2H)-pyran, aromatic aldehydes, and urea/thiourea as substrates and l-proline/TFA as catalyst afforded hexahydropyrano pyrimidinones (thiones) in good yields. The method is simple, ...
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Glycosylated beta-amino acids (3-18, 38, 39), obtained by hydrolysis of glycosylated beta-amino esters on reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in presence of DIC/DCC afforded glycosyl beta-amino hydroxamates (19-34, 40, 41) in fair... more
Glycosylated beta-amino acids (3-18, 38, 39), obtained by hydrolysis of glycosylated beta-amino esters on reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in presence of DIC/DCC afforded glycosyl beta-amino hydroxamates (19-34, 40, 41) in fair to good yields. Compounds (19-34, 40, 41) were screened against human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum in vitro for their schizontocidal activity. Compounds (19, 24, 26, 28, 40 and 41) exhibited good activity at 2 microg/mL concentrations.
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A novel class of gallic acid based glycoconjugates were designed and synthesized as potential anticancer agents.
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Syntheses of a small library of hydroxamates by reacting esters of different carboxylic acids with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride has been achieved. All the synthesized compounds were screened in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei brucei S427... more
Syntheses of a small library of hydroxamates by reacting esters of different carboxylic acids with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride has been achieved. All the synthesized compounds were screened in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei brucei S427 and Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain. The IC 50 values of potent anti-trypanosomal agents ranged between 0.025-5.69 μg/mL, while these values varied in the range of 0.78 -40.89 μg/mL against P. falciparum. Five compounds with very good SI values were active against both the protozoans. Some compounds have also shown strong antifungal activities with MIC as low as 0.19 μg/mL. These simple low molecular weight hydroxamates with triple activities and high degree of SI values revealed a new strategy in malaria/HAT and fungal chemotherapy. Introduction Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and Malaria are vector-borne parasitic diseases caused by protozoans Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T.b.b) and Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) respectively. Both the ...