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Research Interests: Economics and De Gruyter
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"Die Arbeitsmarktsituation der Behinderten ist durch eine klare Benachteiligung dieser Gruppe gekennzeichnet. Das Risiko für einen Schwerbehinderten arbeitslos zu sein, war 1980 doppelt so groß wie für die Gesamtheit der... more
"Die Arbeitsmarktsituation der Behinderten ist durch eine klare Benachteiligung dieser Gruppe gekennzeichnet. Das Risiko für einen Schwerbehinderten arbeitslos zu sein, war 1980 doppelt so groß wie für die Gesamtheit der Bechäftigten. ... Bisherige empirische Untersuchungen haben auf die besonderen Vermittlungsschwierigkeiten der gesundheitlich Eingeschränkten hingewiesen, wobei jedoch einer pauschalen Zuschreibung von Vermittlungsschwierigkeiten widersprochen und auf die Bedeutung der Mehrfachbeeinträchtigung durch andere vermittlungshemmende Merkmale verwiesen worden ist. In dieser Studie werden vier weitere Diskriminierungsfaktoren einbezogen (Berufsausbildung, Alter, Arbeitszeitwünsche, Kontinuität der Erwerbsarbeit) und der vermittlungshemmende Effekt einer Behinderung isoliert und quantifiziert. ... Es zeigt sich, daß die gesundheitlich Eingeschränkten gerade in den als besonders vermittlungshemmend geltenden Merkmalskombinationen, in denen mehrere Faktoren gleichzeitig a...
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Research Interests: History and Prosperity
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Analyzing prices of truly homogenous consumer goods sold in Euroland, we find significant price convergence after the Euro cash changeover in 2002. The deviation of national log prices from the mean log price of the same product is much... more
Analyzing prices of truly homogenous consumer goods sold in Euroland, we find significant price convergence after the Euro cash changeover in 2002. The deviation of national log prices from the mean log price of the same product is much narrower with the Euro than before. We observe Sigma and Beta convergence, i.e. prices do not differ systematically between countries. Our result is in contrast to some other findings stating divergence rather than convergence but which do not control perfectly for heterogeneity of products. Because of information and transportation costs arbitrage is unlikely to occur in consumer items and reasons for convergence must therefore be sought in competition and advantages on the supplier’s side. If suppliers would minimize menu costs, price for the same item should be identical, which we do not observe.
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The most popular explanation for greater job creation in the US than in Germany is that greater dispersion of wages coupled with less regulations governing the labour market and the product market in the US has induced firms to employ... more
The most popular explanation for greater job creation in the US than in Germany is that greater dispersion of wages coupled with less regulations governing the labour market and the product market in the US has induced firms to employ many less skilled workers. While popular, these explanations turn out to be difficult to prove empirically. Based on the Comparative German American Structural Database and the International Adult Literacy Survey we find that: 1. Employment rates differ more than unemployment rates by skill levels and overall. 2. German and US relative pay by level of skill was similar in 1970 but diverged in the 1980s. 3. The German work force is more skilled than the US work force escpecially at the lower skill levels. 4. The employment of skilled to unskilled labour within industries is unrelated to country dif ferences in skill premium but changes in relatives wages are related to changes in relative em ployment. 5. The differing dispersion of wages is not a major contributor to differences in employment rates between Germany and the US. The jobs problem in Germany is not primarily one of relative labor demand but of demand for labor in general.