- I am a pomologist.edit
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Purpose: Seedless barberry is one of the most important small fruits, which is cultivated in dry areas of east of Iran. However, due to high water content (~80%) and thin skin it is susceptible to postharvest decay, and thus it has a... more
Purpose: Seedless barberry is one of the most important small fruits, which is cultivated in dry areas of east of Iran. However, due to high water content (~80%) and thin skin it is susceptible to postharvest decay, and thus it has a short postharvest life. Research Method: This study was carried out to investigate the impact of pre-harvest application of calcium nitrate 0.5% and potassium nitrate 0.5%, and cold storage on biochemical and postharvest quality attributes of fresh seedless barberry fruits in the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Findings: The results showed that both chemicals applied resulted in better appearance and firmness in both years. In addition, control fruit were redder in the 2017 season. Fruit at harvest had the highest content of vitamin C (21.11 mg.100g-1) in 2017 and total phenolic content (7.36 mg.100g-1) in 2018 compared to stored fruit. Interestingly, the highest total anthocyanin was obtained after 30 days of cold storage, 1146.13 and 3071.32 mg.L-1, re...
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Purpose: The present research was conducted to evaluate interactive effects of manganese (Mn) and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) on some physiological characteristics of two pepper varieties including PS301 and California Wonder under... more
Purpose: The present research was conducted to evaluate interactive effects of manganese (Mn) and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) on some physiological characteristics of two pepper varieties including PS301 and California Wonder under greenhouse conditions. Research Methods: Treatments included two levels of virus infection (infected and non-infected), three levels of Mn concentrations (No manganese: 0ppm, 5ppm and 10ppm) and two varieties (California Wonder and PS301). After three weeks, total chlorophyll (Chl), carbohydrate, antioxidants, phenolic compounds, dry weight and proline were measured in aerial parts. Findings: The highest antioxidant activity observed in California Wonder treated with AMV and 5ppm Mn. The highest total Chl observed in PS301 when treated with 10 ppm Mn. Interaction between Mn and AMV showed the highest dry weight in virus infected plants without Mn supplying. Simple effects of AMV did not influence on total Chl, total carbohydrate and antioxidant, but signif...
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Leaf area information is required in various horticultural and physiological studies and it will be more useful if done via non-destructive methods. The objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate leaf area (LA) using... more
Leaf area information is required in various horticultural and physiological studies and it will be more useful if done via non-destructive methods. The objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate leaf area (LA) using length (L), width (W), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), length × length (L2), width × width (W2), length × width (L×W), length + width (L+W), fresh weight × fresh weight (FW2) and dry weight × dry weight (DW2) of coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) leaves as a medicinal and landscape plant. An open field experiment was carried out to study relationship between leaf dimension and weight with leaf area of this plant. Observed leaf area was obtained by an automatic measuring device and leaf dimensions were measured by a ruler. A linear model employing L × W as an independent variables [LA = 0.575 (L × W) - 0.934] resulted in the most accurate estimation (R2 = 0.874, RMSE = 2.33) of coneflower leaf area. Validation of the regression model showed that t...
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In order to study of the effect of substrates on vegetative and ecophysiological characteristics of coleus plant, coleus cuttings containing two leaves were planted in perlite, cocopeat, peatmoss, compost, 50% perlite + 50% cocopeat, 50%... more
In order to study of the effect of substrates on vegetative and ecophysiological characteristics of coleus plant, coleus cuttings containing two leaves were planted in perlite, cocopeat, peatmoss, compost, 50% perlite + 50% cocopeat, 50% perlite + 50% peatmoss, 50% perlite + 50% compost, 5% cocopeat+50% peatmoss, 50% cocopeat + 50% compost and 50% peatmoss + 50% compost with four replicates. Cuttings were irrigated by hydroponic solution after root formation. Results indicated that the highest root fresh and dry weight was observed in 50% perlite + 50% compost treatment, the highest secondary roots in perlite treatment, and the longest root and stem, the most fresh and dry weight of shoot, number of leaves and photosynthesis were observed in peatmoss treatment. Result showed that the best substrate for growth and development of coleus plant is peatmoss.
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In order to study of the effect of substrates on vegetative and ecophysiological characteristics of coleus plant, coleus cuttings containing two leaves were planted in perlite, cocopeat, peatmoss, compost, 50% perlite + 50% cocopeat, 50%... more
In order to study of the effect of substrates on vegetative and ecophysiological characteristics of coleus plant, coleus cuttings containing two leaves were planted in perlite, cocopeat, peatmoss, compost, 50% perlite + 50% cocopeat, 50% perlite + 50% peatmoss, 50% perlite + 50% compost, 5% cocopeat+50% peatmoss, 50% cocopeat + 50% compost and 50% peatmoss + 50% compost with four replicates. Cuttings were irrigated by hydroponic solution after root formation. Results indicated that the highest root fresh and dry weight was observed in 50% perlite + 50% compost treatment, the highest secondary roots in perlite treatment, and the longest root and stem, the most fresh and dry weight of shoot, number of leaves and photosynthesis were observed in peatmoss treatment. Result showed that the best substrate for growth and development of coleus plant is peatmoss.
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به منظور بررسی اثرات اسید هیومیک و تراکم کاشت بر صفات رویشی و زایشی زعفران، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی، در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال زراعی 1395- 1394 اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل اسید هیومیک... more
به منظور بررسی اثرات اسید هیومیک و تراکم کاشت بر صفات رویشی و زایشی زعفران، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی، در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال زراعی 1395- 1394 اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل اسید هیومیک در چهار سطح (صفر، 5، 10 و 15 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تراکم کاشت در سه سطح (50، 75 و 100 بنه در مترمربع) با سه تکرار بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اسید هیومیک اثر معنیداری بر صفات بنه (وزن کل بنه و وزن تر و خشک بنه دختری) داشت، به طوریکه بیشترین وزن کل بنه (09/23 گرم در بوته) در نتیجه اعمال تیمار 5 کیلوگرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک به دست آمد. همچنین، نتایج سال دوم آزمایش، نشان دهنده تاثیر معنیدار اسید هیومیک بر صفات گل (تعداد و عملکرد کل گل تر و عملکرد کلاله تر و خشک) بود، به طوریکه بیشترین عملکرد کلاله تر و خشک (35/1 و23/0 گرم در مترمربع به ترتیب) در سطح 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک حاصل شد، و کمترین مقدار این صفات در تیمار شاهد مشاهده گردید. تراکم کاشت نیز بر تعداد و عملکرد کل گل تر و عملکرد کلاله تر و خشک تاثیرگذار بود، به طوریکه بیشترین میزان این ص...
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Pomegranate is a subtropical fruit that is widely consumed as fresh fruit and juice, however, its postharvest life is limited mainly due to storage disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on... more
Pomegranate is a subtropical fruit that is widely consumed as fresh fruit and juice, however, its postharvest life is limited mainly due to storage disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on antioxidant activity and quality attributes of pomegranate fruit. The fruits were dipped for two minutes into different NO concentrations (0, 30, 100, 300 or 1000 µM). Then, the fruits were stored in cold room at 5 °C and RH 85%. After 90 days storage, changes in chilling injury, electrolyte leakage, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), pH, antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin were evaluated. The results showed that 1000 µM NO application resulted in significant decrease in electrolyte leakage and TSS and maintained antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin in pomegranate fruit. However, no significant effect of NO treatment was observed on TA and chilling injury index. In conclusion, postharvest application of NO may be a promisin...
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Background: The time of gibberellic acid application in the non-bearing year (OFF year) makes the different responses on seedless barberry plants in it (OFF year) and next year (ON year). Objective: The present research was conducted to... more
Background: The time of gibberellic acid application in the non-bearing year (OFF year) makes the different responses on seedless barberry plants in it (OFF year) and next year (ON year). Objective: The present research was conducted to evaluate the effects of gibberellin sprays applied at different times on barberry plants. Methods: The experiment was performed in three consecutive years (2016 to 2018) in Amirabad, Birjand, Iran. The treatments included: 1) Gibberellic acid (GA3 at 200 ppm), and 2) control (0 ppm), applied six times as foliar spraying on non-bearing trees, between April and September. The foliar sprays and measuring of vegetative traits were done on non-bearing trees in 2016 and 2017. Reproductive traits evaluated on bearing trees in 2017 and 2018. Results: Leaf number, width and length and internode length of current barberry shoots increased significantly. GA3 application significantly decreased by flower and fruit number, TSS/TA and anthocyanin content of fruit ...
Purpose: The objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate leaf area (LA) using length (L), width (W), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), length × width (L×W), width/length (W/L) of cress leaves as a leafy vegetable... more
Purpose: The objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate leaf area (LA) using length (L), width (W), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), length × width (L×W), width/length (W/L) of cress leaves as a leafy vegetable and radish leaves as a root vegetable. Research method: An experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions to study the relationship between leaf dimension and weight with LA of these two vegetable plants. Observed LA was obtained by an automatic measuring device and leaf dimensions were measured by a ruler. Regression analyses of LA versus L, W, FW, DW, L×W and W/L led several models that could be used for estimating the area of individual cress and radish leaves. Findings: A linear model employing FW as an independent variable [LA=0.295 (Fresh W.)+ 1.430] resulted the most accurate estimate (R2 = 0.912, RMSE = 1.52) of cress LA. For radish, a linear model using W as an independent variable [LA=22.50 (W) + 7.46] showed the most accuracy (R2 ...
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The present study was carried out to increase loquat seed germination with treatments consisting of two soaking temperatures (24 ± 2°C and 38 ± 2°C), chemical agents [control, 0.5% potassium nitrate (KNO3) and 250 mgL gibberellic acid... more
The present study was carried out to increase loquat seed germination with treatments consisting of two soaking temperatures (24 ± 2°C and 38 ± 2°C), chemical agents [control, 0.5% potassium nitrate (KNO3) and 250 mgL gibberellic acid (GA3) each for 20 h], and different moist chilling (MC) periods (1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks under 4–5°C). Compared with 24 ± 2°C, soaking
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Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) plants cv. Selva was grown in soilless culture under greenhouse conditions to present the effects of application of supplementary calcium combined with nutrient solution on plants grown under NaCl (35... more
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) plants cv. Selva was grown in soilless culture under greenhouse conditions to present the effects of application of supplementary calcium combined with nutrient solution on plants grown under NaCl (35 mmol) salinity. Treatments: (1) Commercial nutrient solution or control; (2) the addition of NaCl (35 mmol); (3) NaCl (35 mmol) + CaCl 2 (5 mmol); (4) NaCl (35 mmol) + CaCl
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Purpose: Quality loss is high in pomegranate due to physiological disorders occurred during growth and developmental stages of fruit in main production areas in Iran. Research method: we evaluated the effects of preharvest fruit bagging... more
Purpose: Quality loss is high in pomegranate due to physiological disorders occurred during growth and developmental stages of fruit in main production areas in Iran. Research method: we evaluated the effects of preharvest fruit bagging time (July and August), and bag color (white and brown) on sunburn, cracking, anthocyanin content, and quality of pomegranate fruit. This experiment was carried out on eight-year-old pomegranate trees cv. Shishe-Kab in an orchard located in Ferdows, South Khorasan province, Iran. Main findings: The results showed that the maximum (90%) and minimum (25%) sunburn percentage was observed in control (non-bagged fruits) and white-bagged fruits at August (WBA), respectively. Similarly, the highest percentage of cracking (65%) and the lowest (5%) was obtained in control and WBA, respectively. Non-bagged fruits showed the highest (23.61 mg-1) anthocyanin, and the lowest rate (13.55 mg-1) observed in brown-bagged fruit in July (BBJ). The brightness (L) of the...
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Purpose: Pomegranate fruit is highly susceptible to water loss and chilling injuries during postharvest cold storage. Thus an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of modified atmosphere packaging on pomegranate shelf life and... more
Purpose: Pomegranate fruit is highly susceptible to water loss and chilling injuries during postharvest cold storage. Thus an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of modified atmosphere packaging on pomegranate shelf life and chilling resistance under cold storage. Research method: Treatments were vacuum packed and unpacked fruits (control) that were stored in a cold room at 5 ± 0.5 °C and 80 ± 5% RH. At the end of each storage period (30, 40, 50, 70, 90 and 130 days), packed fruits were assessed for physicochemical and quality parameters while control fruit were assessed after 90 days of storage. Findings: Results showed that packaging improves TSS/TA, and some color attributes, and decreased anthocyanin, total acidity, weight loss, electrolyte leakage, chilling injury index and unmarketable fruits. Evaluation of traits in different durations showed that vacuum packaging significantly reduced weight loss, electrolyte leakage, chilling injury index, and interestingly dec...
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The aim of this study was to determine growing degree day (GDD) for pomegranate fruit Shishe-Kab cultivar and study the phonological stages of fruit from bloom to harvest. A completely randomized block design was carried out on the... more
The aim of this study was to determine growing degree day (GDD) for pomegranate fruit Shishe-Kab cultivar and study the phonological stages of fruit from bloom to harvest. A completely randomized block design was carried out on the research orchard of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, 2017. During the May to October, the diameter and length of the fruits and calyx were recorded using the non-destructive method by a digital caliper on the tree. Next fruit samples were randomly taken from the trees to determine fresh and dry weight. Furthermore, by using the metrological data, the thermal requirement based on the growth degree day (GDD) has been determined from April until harvest day. The effective heat requirement for Shishe-Kab cultivar that was calculated from blooming to reach maturity was 2560.95. The highest cumulative temperature was recorded in the commercial harvest date. By receiving this degree day, fruit reached the highest fresh and dry weight, length an...
Purpose: The present research was done to evaluate the responses of ‘Yusef Khani’ (Y) and ‘Malas-e-Yazdi’ (M) Iranian pomegranates to salt stress under field conditions. Research method: Treatments included different salinized water... more
Purpose: The present research was done to evaluate the responses of ‘Yusef Khani’ (Y) and ‘Malas-e-Yazdi’ (M) Iranian pomegranates to salt stress under field conditions. Research method: Treatments included different salinized water (EC=1.05 as control, 4.61 and 7.46 dS m–1) and two commercially Iranian pomegranate varieties. Main findings: Interaction of salinity × variety showed the lowest chlorophyll (chl) and potassium (K) level, and the highest chloride (Cl) and sodium (Na) in M variety, under high level of salinity. Although the lowest non-photochemical quenching, and effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in PSII observed in this variety under 7.46 dS m–1, however, basal quantum yield of non-photochemical processes in PSII increased. Accumulation of Na and Cl in leaf tissue increased with increasing salinity in both varieties. Moreover, lower accumulation of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) observed in both varieties. More Na and Cl was obtained ...
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Purpose: The effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid and boric acid on bioactive compounds and quality of pomegranate fruit cv. Shishe-Kab was investigated. Research Method: This was accomplished through the field and laboratory... more
Purpose: The effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid and boric acid on bioactive compounds and quality of pomegranate fruit cv. Shishe-Kab was investigated. Research Method: This was accomplished through the field and laboratory experiments at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran, during 2017 and 2018 seasons. Gibberellic acid (50 and 150 mg L-1) and Boric acid (200 and 600 mg L-1) were applied three times at one-month interval; late in May, June, and July during growth and developmental stages of fruits. The experiment was set in a completely randomized block design. Fruits were harvested at full maturity stage late in October, and physicochemical properties were evaluated. Findings: Results showed that anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity significantly decreased while fruit firmness, ascorbic acid content, and fruit cracking increased in gibberellic acid treatments. Application of 50 mg L-1 gibberellic acid significantly increased total soluble ...
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2 Abstract: The present research was accomplished on Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Shahany to investigate the effect of macro and micronutrients on fruit quality and quantity. Treatments were urea (0.5, 1%), boric acid (1500, 2500 ppm),... more
2 Abstract: The present research was accomplished on Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Shahany to investigate the effect of macro and micronutrients on fruit quality and quantity. Treatments were urea (0.5, 1%), boric acid (1500, 2500 ppm), potassium sulfate (1, 2%) and zinc sulfate (300, 600 ppm). Higher and lower yield were obtained from H BO (1500 ppm) and control, respectively. The greater part of pulp weight, pulp/seed ratio, fruit length and 33 diameter were resulted from H BO (1500 ppm). Total soluble solids were the most in control; however, there 33 were significant differences among treatments. The results of this study showed that mineral nutrients especially boron, increased yield and quality of fruits in 'Shahany' date palm.
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Strawberry plants were grown in soilless culture under greenhouse conditions to investigate the effect of supplementary potassium fertilization on growth and development of plants exposed to high NaCl concentration (35 mmol/L). Treatments... more
Strawberry plants were grown in soilless culture under greenhouse conditions to investigate the effect of supplementary potassium fertilization on growth and development of plants exposed to high NaCl concentration (35 mmol/L). Treatments included: 1) nutrient solution alone (N); 2) N + 35 mmol/L NaCl (NS); 3) NS + 5 mmol/L K 2 SO 4 (NSK1); 4) NS + 10 mmol/L K 2 SO 4 (NSK2). Results showed that leaf area, ion leakage (EC), chlorophyll contents, biomass production and water usage were negatively affected by NaCl stress. Moreover, fruit set and fruit number decreased under stress condition. Mineral content (Na, Cl, Ca and K) in various plant parts increased upon NaCl stress. Although supplementary potassium fertilization positively influenced the leaf area development, chlorophyll contents and reproductive parameters, it had a negative effect on biomass production. On the other hand, in addition to K and Ca, supplementary potassium increased Na and Cl content. These results showed tha...
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Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit is an important medicinal plant in Iran. The harvesting time is a crucial for jujube fruit quality. Several characteristics of jujube fruit when harvested at four development stages; white mature... more
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit is an important medicinal plant in Iran. The harvesting time is a crucial for jujube fruit quality. Several characteristics of jujube fruit when harvested at four development stages; white mature (light green), crisp mature (white-red), fully mature (red) and fully ripe (dehydrated brown) were evaluated. Fruit weight, diameter, volume, pulp to stone ratio, firmness, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid, total phenolics content, protein, ash and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were determined. The results showed that fruit dry weight, TSS, TSS/TA were increased significantly, while firmness, protein content and ash weight were decreased as jujube fruit harvested at progressed development stages. Ascorbic acid in fruit was decreased from white to crisp mature stage and thereafter increased significantly to fully mature stage. However, the content of total phenol increased significantly from white to crisp mature st...
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There are areas in the world which are polluted by trace metals some of which may not be degraded by biotic process. Some of these metals might enter into surface and/or underground water resources thus causing serious human and animal... more
There are areas in the world which are polluted by trace metals some of which may not be degraded by biotic process. Some of these metals might enter into surface and/or underground water resources thus causing serious human and animal health problems. In recent years, natural amendments, such as the use of zeolite, have been widely used to address trace metals contamination. In the present study the effect of zeolite on the growth and nodulation of soybean ( Glycine max L.) was evaluated. Treatments consisted on factorial combination of three levels of zeolite (0, 2 and 5 g kg -1 ) and three levels of cadmium (0, 10 and 50 mg kg -1 ). Cadmium application significantly decreased shoot and root dry weight while its concentration in plant parts was increased. In addition, cadmium application decreased number and dry weight of nodules, and N, K, and Mn concentrations. On the other hand, zeolite application markedly increased number and dry weight of nodules and N, P, K concentrations i...
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Silverberry fruit is an important medicinal fruit that used for reducing pain. The present work was carried out to study the effect of potassium meta-bisulfite (KMS) and air drying temperature on quality of Russian olive fruit. Different... more
Silverberry fruit is an important medicinal fruit that used for reducing pain. The present work was carried out to study the effect of potassium meta-bisulfite (KMS) and air drying temperature on quality of Russian olive fruit. Different KMS levels (0, 1, 2 and 4%) and drying temperatures (45, 60 and 75°C) were used and some traits such as weight loss (WL), rehydration ratio (RH-R), TSS (total soluble solids), TA (total acidity), TSS/TA ratio, ascorbic acid, color parameters (L*, a*, b*, chroma and Hue, TEPL, TEPa and TEPb, ΔE and BI), total phenol (TP), and potassium were measured. WL, RH-R and total color change (ΔE) increased with increment of pre-treatment concentration. All traits except TSS, were significantly affected by drying temperature. TA, ascorbic acid and TP raised by increasing air temperature from 45°C to 60°C. Temperature higher than 60°C increased ΔE. Increment of temperature from 45°C to 75°C led to an increasing trend of browning index, a*, b* and C* (chroma), ho...
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Purpose: Boron toxicity is an important factor, which reduces crop productivity, quality and medicinal characteristics around the world. Research method: This research was conducted to investigate the effect of different boron (B)... more
Purpose: Boron toxicity is an important factor, which reduces crop productivity, quality and medicinal characteristics around the world. Research method: This research was conducted to investigate the effect of different boron (B) concentrations on growth, chemical and physiological characteristics of Satureja hortensis plants under greenhouse conditions in 2016. The experiment was conducted in a glasshouse with 25±3 °C and 15±3 °C (day-night) temperatures, 60% relative humidity and 340 ppm CO2 concentration. Treatments were different B concentrations as H3BO3 that used via irrigation water including 0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg L–1. Main findings: Results indicated that total nitrogen, Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm, chlorophyll a, b and total, leaf number, relative water content (RWC), specific leaf weight (SLW), areal fresh and dry weights significantly decreased by B increase. On the other hand, increased B concentration in leaf was led to increasing of F0, ΦN0, proline, total carbohydrate and phenoli...
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the individual application of nitric oxide or cellophane wrapping, and combination effects of these treatments on reducing chilling injury and quality improvement of pomegranate... more
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the individual application of nitric oxide or cellophane wrapping, and combination effects of these treatments on reducing chilling injury and quality improvement of pomegranate fruit cv. ‘Shishe-Kab’ during storage. Fruits were dipped in nitric oxide (0 or 300 μM) solution for 2 minutes, followed by cellophane wraps (wrapped or unwrapped) as treatments and then stored at two different storage temperatures (1 or 5°C) for 90 days. Application of 300 μM nitric oxide significantly increased the antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin content, and the a* value of aril color, and also led to the lowest chilling injury and electrolyte leakage in fruit compared with the control. The lowest weight loss, chilling injury, and total soluble solids and the highest total anthocyanin content and the a* value of aril color was observed in cellophane wrapped fruits, compared with unwrapped fruits. The combination of nitric oxide and cellophan...
The present research was carried out to study gas exchange activities at different stages of fruit growth and development in OFF and ON pistachio cultivars including Ohadi, Kalleh-Ghochi, Akbari, Ahmad-Aghaii, Rezaii Zoudras and Haratii.... more
The present research was carried out to study gas exchange activities at different stages of fruit growth and development in OFF and ON pistachio cultivars including Ohadi, Kalleh-Ghochi, Akbari, Ahmad-Aghaii, Rezaii Zoudras and Haratii. Thus, different OFF and ON shoots were chose at different stages of fruit growth and development and also postharvest stage as followed: 1- beginning of endocarp growth; 2- pith hardening; 3- beginning of endosperm rapid growth; 4- end of embryo development; 5- ripening and harvesting times and 6- post harvest. Data indicated that gas exchange activities and relative water content significantly affected by cultivar, fruit growth and development stages and ON and OFF bearing statuses. The highest amount of photosynthetic activity was shown by Rezaii Zoudras followed by Akbari, Ohadi, Ahmad-Aghaii, Kalleh- Ghochi and Haratii, respectively. The highest and lowest photosynthetic (Pn) and transpiration (E) rates were resulted from 'Rezaii Zoudras'...
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Foliar application of nutrient is more efficient than soil-applied. In this project the effect of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate on qualitative and quantitative traits was investigated in seedless barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.).... more
Foliar application of nutrient is more efficient than soil-applied. In this project the effect of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate on qualitative and quantitative traits was investigated in seedless barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.). Seedless barberry shrubs with different reproductive statuses (ON and OFF) were treated with spraying of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) or potassium nitrate (KNO3) solutions at concentration of 0.5% and distilled water (as control) four times during different fruit growth and development stages. The results showed that foliar application of both chemical salts significantly increased the number of clusters per branch, the number of berries per branch and the number of berries per cluster in 2017. The highest and the lowest number of clusters per branch, and the number of berries per branch were obtained in KNO3 and control treatments, respectively in 2018. Also, the greatest number of berries per cluster was recorded in treated plants with Ca(NO3)2 in 20...
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We examined the effectiveness of intermittent warming (IW), hot water (HW), salicylic acid (SA), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on the postharvest life of pomegranate fruit cv. ‘Shishe- Kab’ and extending fruit shelf life during cold... more
We examined the effectiveness of intermittent warming (IW), hot water (HW), salicylic acid (SA), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on the postharvest life of pomegranate fruit cv. ‘Shishe- Kab’ and extending fruit shelf life during cold storage (3°C). Fruit were subjected to cycles of 1 d at 17 ± 1°C every 6 d of storage at 3°C under IW conditions. Pre-storage treatments were HW (50°C) for 3 min, SA (2mmol L-1), or a combination of SA (2 mmol L-1) and CaCl2 (2%) solutions for 3 min at 20°C. Weight loss was not affected by HW or chemical treatments, but firmness decreased significantly in HW-treated fruit when they were subjected to IW. The lowest quantity of unmarketable fruit was observed in fruit treated with a combination of SA and CaCl2, regardless of whether stored in cold storage (CS) or exposed to IW. Regardless of HW and chemical treatments, IW significantly and slightly increased shelf life and reduced fruit decay compared with the control. However, the longest fruit shelf life ...
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In this study RWC and WUE of six pistachio cultivars (Ohadi, Kalleh-Ghochi, Akbari, Ahmad-Aghaii, Rezaii Zoudras and Haratii) on the leaf surface, in the middle of day were measured. Measurements were held on bearing and nonbearing shoots... more
In this study RWC and WUE of six pistachio cultivars (Ohadi, Kalleh-Ghochi, Akbari, Ahmad-Aghaii, Rezaii Zoudras and Haratii) on the leaf surface, in the middle of day were measured. Measurements were held on bearing and nonbearing shoots in six stages 1- beginning of endocarp growth, 2- pith hardening, 3- beginning of endosperm rapid growth, 4- end of embryo development, 5- ripening time, and 6- post harvest. During the different stages of measuring, the amount of RWC and WUE increased in the beginning, which are stress resistance indicators. But RWC and WUE decreased at the end of the growth season. Results indicated that more RWC related to cultivar Ohadi, and then respectively are cultivars Kalleh-Ghochi, Akbari, Haratii, Ahmad-Aghaii, and Rezaii Zoudras and more WUE related to cultivar Akbari, and then respectively are cultivars Ohadi, Kalleh-Ghochi, Ahmad-Aghaii, Haratii, and Rezaii Zoudras.
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The present research was conducted to find influence of salicylic acid (SA) at 0.5, 1, and 2 mM and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 250, 500, and 1 000 ppm on reproductive and vegetative parameters, and color characteristics of saffron under... more
The present research was conducted to find influence of salicylic acid (SA) at 0.5, 1, and 2 mM and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 250, 500, and 1 000 ppm on reproductive and vegetative parameters, and color characteristics of saffron under field condition. The results indicated the highest a, L, and chroma and the lowest b at 2 mM SA treatment. The highest flowering appearance rate and membrane stability index and the lowest electrolyte leakage were observed at 2 mM SA and to lesser extent at 1000 ppm KNO3. The highest flower number, corolla dry weight, and stigma dry weight was shown in plants treated with SA. Chlorophyll a content and Fv/Fm value increased with the application of 2 mM SA. The data indicated the effectiveness of SA on the growth of saffron.
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Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) fruit is an important source of anthocyanins and is used for consumption and in medicine. However, fruit production of barberry is not regular. Two experiments in four locations were conducted on this plant... more
Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) fruit is an important source of anthocyanins and is used for consumption and in medicine. However, fruit production of barberry is not regular. Two experiments in four locations were conducted on this plant to explore if it is alternate bearer and also to investigate carbohydrates and phenolics contents in leaves and shoots during growth season. Evaluation of barberry shrubs in three different location showed strong alternate bearing. The value of leaf number to berry number ratio was small. A correlation was found between tree age and alternate bearing index (ABI), because elder shrubs exhibited more ABI. Total carbohydrates and phenolics contents in vegetative organs showed an increase during the fruit setting stage, except for the carbohydrates in shoots. The highest value of carbohydrates was observed 10 days after leaf appearance and then decrease. ON bearing shrubs showed the highest value of total carbohydrates content in leaves during fruit se...
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Jujube fruit quickly undergoes spoilage and normally has a short shelf life. Therefore, the effect of immersion treatment in different calcium salts on qualitative and biochemical characteristics of fresh jujube fruit was evaluated.... more
Jujube fruit quickly undergoes spoilage and normally has a short shelf life. Therefore, the effect of immersion treatment in different calcium salts on qualitative and biochemical characteristics of fresh jujube fruit was evaluated. Treatments included control (distilled water) and solutions of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, and calcium sulfate at a concentration of 0.5 and 1%. Fruits were immersed in water or calcium salt solution for 5 min, air-dried and then cold stored at 4 °C for 50 days. The results showed that such treatment did not affect significantly the pulp color and the anthocyanin concentration in the fruit. However, the soluble solids in the treated fruits significantly decreased compared with the control. Interestingly, all levels of calcium salts, except 0.5% calcium nitrate, preserved the total antioxidant capacity in comparison with the control. Concentrations of 1% calcium nitrate, chloride, and sulfate significantly increased crispness compared with the cont...
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The present study was designed to investigate the effects of two girdling dates (late April and early September) on fruit quality and carbohydrate accumulation in barberry shrubs (Berberis vulgaris L.) during the years 2016–2017. One year... more
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of two girdling dates (late April and early September) on fruit quality and carbohydrate accumulation in barberry shrubs (Berberis vulgaris L.) during the years 2016–2017. One year old shoots were ringed and fruit characteristics were monitored for two continues year. Data showed that the girdling caused a significant increase in the ascorbic acid content in fruit. Similarly, anthocyanin and total acidity were affected by girdling compared to control in 2017. September-girdled shrubs had the highest amount of fresh mass but the dry mass was not changed. It was shown that chlorophyll b increased in the girdled shrubs compared to control. September girdling reduced the carbohydrate content in leaves. In contrast, it increased the carbohydrate content in shoots. In addition, there was a significant difference between starch in the shoot and starch in leaf. Owing to the obtained results, early September girdling caused a broad ra...
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Abstract: Fruit set and quality in strawberry cv. Selva were influenced by salinity (NaCl) and supplementary calcium and potassium (CaSO , CaCl , K SO ) treatments applied to the root medium of plants growing in soilless culture under... more
Abstract: Fruit set and quality in strawberry cv. Selva were influenced by salinity (NaCl) and supplementary calcium and potassium (CaSO , CaCl , K SO ) treatments applied to the root medium of plants growing in soilless culture under heated greenhouse conditions. Yield components such as primary fruit weight and fresh fruit weight (at harvest time) and fruit number were higher in control and there was no significant differences between control and NaCl (35 mM)+CaSO (10 mM). Primary fruit weight and fresh fruit weight (at harvest time) were decreased by salinity, even by CaSO or CaCl or K SO . Total acidity was higher in NaCl+CaCl (5 mM) treatment compared to others. Total soluble solid and vitamin C were higher in NaCl+CaSO (10 mM) treatment compared to other treatments. TSS/TA ratio was higher in NaCl+K SO (10 mM) treatment compared to others. Our results suggest that in saline conditions, CaSO application cause increase in fruit yield and quality of strawberry.
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Abstract. The present research was carried out to investigate the effects of some macro and micronutrients on fruit quality and quantity in barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) plants. Treatments included manganese (Mn 20 and 40 mg･L-1),... more
Abstract. The present research was carried out to investigate the effects of some macro and micronutrients on fruit quality and quantity in barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) plants. Treatments included manganese (Mn 20 and 40 mg･L-1), potassium (K 1 and 2%), calcium (Ca 2 and 3%), boron (B 1000 and B 2000 mg･L-1), zinc (Zn 300 and 600 mg･L-1) and water (W). The highest and lowest yields were obtained by W and Ca 2%, respectively. Moreover, the highest and lowest fruit numbers resulted from B 2000 mg･L-1 and Ca 2% treatments, respectively. Although high amount of vitamin C was resulted from Ca treatments, high concentration of TA and SSC were found in K treatments. The results of these studies showed that mineral nutrients via spray can alter the yield and quality of barberry fruits.