Scott C Chase
Independent Researcher, Research, Department Member
- Research and teaching in design computing theory and methods, with applications in architecture and product designSpe... moreResearch and teaching in design computing theory and methods, with applications in architecture and product designSpecialties: CAD, generative design, building information modelling (BIM), e-learning, virtual learning environments (VLE), virtual worldsedit
ABSTRACT
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Research Interests: Computer Science and CAD
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... Many different methods of interaction have been used. Only recently have researchers seriously considered the user interaction issues with shape grammar-based systems, now that the computer tools can support grammar-based systems to... more
... Many different methods of interaction have been used. Only recently have researchers seriously considered the user interaction issues with shape grammar-based systems, now that the computer tools can support grammar-based systems to some extent. ...
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Research Interests: Computer Science, Creativity, Design education, Computer Aided Design, Experimental Research, and 15 moreFormal grammars, Conceptual Design, Manufacturing Engineering, Generative Architectural Design, Computer Aided Architectural Design, Shape Grammars, Parametric Design, Product Development, Design Tool, Implementation, Product Development Process, Computational Design Synthesis, Interdisciplinary Engineering, Cambridge University, and Spatial grammar
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The concept of style is relevant for both the analysis and synthesis of designs. New styles are often formed by the adaptation of previous ones based on changes in design criteria and context. A formal characterization of style is given... more
The concept of style is relevant for both the analysis and synthesis of designs. New styles are often formed by the adaptation of previous ones based on changes in design criteria and context. A formal characterization of style is given by shape grammars, which describe the compositional rules underlying a set of designs. Stylistic change can be modelled by grammar transformations, which allow the transformation of the structure and vocabulary of a grammar that is used to describe a particular style. In order for grammars to be useful beyond a single application, they should have the capability to be transformed according to changing design style needs. Issues of formalizing stylistic change necessitate a lucid and formal definition of style in the design language generated by a grammar. Furthermore, a significant aspect of the definition of style is the representation of aesthetic qualities attributed to the style. We focus on grammars for representing and generating styles of desi...
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Currently available computer-aided design tools provide strong support for the later stages of product development processes where the structure and shape of the design have been fixed. Support for earlier stages of product development,... more
Currently available computer-aided design tools provide strong support for the later stages of product development processes where the structure and shape of the design have been fixed. Support for earlier stages of product development, when both the structure and shape of the design are still fluid, demands conceptual design tools that support designers' ways of thinking and working, and enhance creativity, for example, by offering design alternatives, difficult or not, possible without the use of such tools. The potential of spatial grammars as a technology to support such design tools has been demonstrated through experimental research prototypes since the 1970s. In this paper, we provide a review of recent spatial grammar implementations, which were presented in the Design Computing and Cognition 2010 workshop on which this paper is based, in the light of requirements for conceptual design tools and identify future research directions in both research and design education.
Research Interests: Design education, Shape Grammar (Architecture), Computer Aided Design, Experimental Research, Formal grammars, and 14 moreConceptual Design, Manufacturing Engineering, Generative Architectural Design, Computer Aided Architectural Design, Shape Grammars, Parametric Design, Product Development, Design Tool, Implementation, Product Development Process, Computational Design Synthesis, Interdisciplinary Engineering, Cambridge University, and Spatial grammar
Shape algebraic representations provide several advantages over more traditional geometric representations. The use of predicate logic formulations of shape and spatial relations provides a natural, intuitive way to extend shape... more
Shape algebraic representations provide several advantages over more traditional geometric representations. The use of predicate logic formulations of shape and spatial relations provides a natural, intuitive way to extend shape representations of the shape grammar formalism to provide generalized, parametric grammars.
A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing... more
A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. The advantages of shape algebra formalisms over more traditional representations of geometric objects are discussed. The method employed involves the definition of a large set of high level design relations from a small set of simple structures and spatial relations. Examples in architecture and geographic information systems are illustrated. 1 BACKGROUND The Problem of Predetermination Research in the development of design modeling systems has identified the need for evolutionary models which support dynamic schema modification (Eastman et al., 1991). However, the development of current design systems does not easily support such a goal. They tend to be constructed in a bottom-up manner, with the des...
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A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing... more
A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. The advantages of shape algebra formalisms over more traditional representations of geometric objects are discussed. The method employed involves the definition of a large set of high level design relations from a small set of simple structures and spatial relations. Examples in architecture and geographic information systems are illustrated.
SUMMARY: This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students. The workshop is the third of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio,... more
SUMMARY: This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students. The workshop is the third of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pattern of architectural education. The experiment was planned under the theme of “Evaluation” during the final stage. A grammatical approach was chosen to deliver the methodology in the design studio, based on shape grammars.
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Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven... more
Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven style change. A rule base was authored for the design of Greek temple facades, and was augmented with a style description scheme. These were tested at a student workshop wherein students were asked to develop grammars based on given style briefs. Results gained from the workshop confirmed that most students were able to assemble and transform grammars successfully. The method was found to be useful for teaching style and grammars to students and novice designers.
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In this paper we discuss observations and lessons learned in conducting architectural design projects in virtual worlds. By integrating a community of users in virtual worlds into a collaborative architectural design process,... more
In this paper we discuss observations and lessons learned in conducting architectural design projects in virtual worlds. By integrating a community of users in virtual worlds into a collaborative architectural design process, organisations can tap the community's creativity and intelligence through immersive technology. The paper provides an overview of the latest advances of information and communication technologies in immersive virtual environments and discusses some of the observations and lessons learned which should be taken into account in developing collaboration models for such activities. Here we propose four modes of collaboration, based on the choices for degree of openness and governance structure, which are illustrated by four case studies.
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This argument against a reductionist world view is essentially the same one used by shape grammarians, who argue for minimally structured design representations which support emergent features. Here, an emergent feature refers to any kind... more
This argument against a reductionist world view is essentially the same one used by shape grammarians, who argue for minimally structured design representations which support emergent features. Here, an emergent feature refers to any kind of design description (be it subshape, design attribute or other description) which is not explicit in its creation or representation . Emergence supports creativity in that emergent features can be considered unanticipated or accidental. The body of shape grammar research over the past quarter century has demonstrated that, within a strictly circumscribed space of designs, it is possible to be creative and generate innovative designs.
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The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland. Communal colour designs highlight the conflict between individual colour preference and the community desire for harmony.... more
The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland. Communal colour designs highlight the conflict between individual colour preference and the community desire for harmony. This is often expressed as a fixed colour design by an individual designer. The provision of the widest possible range of colour designs, all of which express communal harmony, can help to accommodate individual preferences. This project uses computation to apply colour harmony rules within a chosen environment and to generate all the possible colour combinations which conform to these rules. The Colour Combinations program uses two steps to establish a colour design: palette selection and colour combination. The harmony rules can be adjusted for each step depending on the context for the design or the type of colour combination required. Once an appropriate palette has been selected all possible colour combinations for a terrace of six houses are ge...
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A primary issue facing architects of the Islamic world is the generation of contemporary designs based on architecture of the past. We discuss shape grammars as a framework for the design generation of plans of courtyard buildings of... more
A primary issue facing architects of the Islamic world is the generation of contemporary designs based on architecture of the past. We discuss shape grammars as a framework for the design generation of plans of courtyard buildings of Islamic architecture and describe ongoing research for the transformation of grammars of historic Islamic building types to generate new, contemporary designs or design styles. We raise issues in the grammar transformation framework and discuss directions of exploration that could be relevant to the design methods of Islamic architecture.
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Challenges for the study of Islamic architecture include its abundance and diversity in expression and its classification based on distinct functional or stylistic types. We address these issues by presenting shape grammars as a... more
Challenges for the study of Islamic architecture include its abundance and diversity in expression and its classification based on distinct functional or stylistic types. We address these issues by presenting shape grammars as a methodology for the analysis and design generation of Islamic architecture, with a specific example in the form of a parametric shape grammar for central Asian caravanserais. The grammar is developed by identifying distinct design types. Shape rules are created based on a study of the spatial elements and their organisation in the designs. We illustrate the utility of the grammar by deriving an extant design and as well as, previously unknown designs. We conclude by discussing possible extensions to the current grammar and future work involving the development of a grammar based framework for the comparative analysis of medieval Islamic courtyard buildings.
A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in first order predicate logic provides a natural, intuitive... more
A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in first order predicate logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. Shape algebraic representations provide several advantages over more traditional geometric representations. The method described involves the definition of a large set of high level design relations from a small set of simple structures and spatial relations.
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The growth of internet based communication has facilitated the development of open source, collaborative projects. Here we describe the results of three 'Wikitecture' experiments in collaborative, open source architectural design... more
The growth of internet based communication has facilitated the development of open source, collaborative projects. Here we describe the results of three 'Wikitecture' experiments in collaborative, open source architectural design within the virtual world Second Life. We describe the in-world platform developed and its use for a design competition entry. Issues such as contribution assessment and the role of open source collaborative design in architecture and construction are discussed, concluding with a wish list for future enhancements.
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summary This paper offers insights into innovative practice being undertaken in higher architectural and design education, where both language and content teaching and learning are integrated as interwoven parts with joint curricular... more
summary This paper offers insights into innovative practice being undertaken in higher architectural and design education, where both language and content teaching and learning are integrated as interwoven parts with joint curricular roles. Using Expansive Learning ...
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ABSTRACT
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The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland (McCarthy, 2000). Towns and villages that previously presented monochrome facades have developed into highly chromatic... more
The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland (McCarthy, 2000). Towns and villages that previously presented monochrome facades have developed into highly chromatic streetscapes with Tobermory on the isle of ...
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book review of CAAD futures '87, Proceedings of the second international conference on computer aided architectural design futures, T Maver and H Wagters (eds) Elsevier North-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1988) 261 pp
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A primary issue facing architects of the Islamic world is the generation of contemporary designs based on architecture of the past. We discuss shape grammars as a framework for the design generation of plans of courtyard buildings of... more
A primary issue facing architects of the Islamic world is the generation of contemporary designs based on architecture of the past. We discuss shape grammars as a framework for the design generation of plans of courtyard buildings of Islamic architecture and describe ongoing research for the transformation of grammars of historic Islamic building types to generate new, contemporary designs or
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New styles can be created by modifying existing ones. In order to formalize style change using grammars, style has to be formally defined in the design language of a grammar. Previous studies in the use of grammars for style change do not... more
New styles can be created by modifying existing ones. In order to formalize style change using grammars, style has to be formally defined in the design language of a grammar. Previous studies in the use of grammars for style change do not give explicit rationale for transformation. How would designers decide which rules to modify in a grammar to generate necessary changes in style(s) of designs? This paper addresses the aforementioned issues by presenting a framework for strategic style change using goal-driven grammar transformations. The framework employs a style description scheme constructed by describing the aesthetic qualities of grammar elements using adjectival descriptors. We present techniques for the formal definition of style in the designs generated by grammars. The utility of the grammar transformation framework and the style description scheme is tested with an example of mobile phone design. Analyses reveal that constraining rules in grammars is a valid technique for...
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Shop ASCE; MyASCE; Donate Now; Contact Us; About Civil Engineering; About ASCE. ASCE Join Now. Knowledge & Learning: Books & Journals; CE Body of Knowledge; Certification; Codes & Standards; Conferences; Continuing... more
Shop ASCE; MyASCE; Donate Now; Contact Us; About Civil Engineering; About ASCE. ASCE Join Now. Knowledge & Learning: Books & Journals; CE Body of Knowledge; Certification; Codes & Standards; Conferences; Continuing ...
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This paper proposes an alternative use for the description of designs. By utilising descriptions of functional, behavioural and structural characteristics of designs generated by a grammar, a function-behaviour-structure (FBS)... more
This paper proposes an alternative use for the description of designs. By utilising descriptions of functional, behavioural and structural characteristics of designs generated by a grammar, a function-behaviour-structure (FBS) representation for the artefact is created. This representation explicates the relationships between function, behaviour and structure of an artefact and facilitates explicit reasoning among them. By manipulating this description and using
The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland. Communal colour designs highlight the conflict between individual colour preference and the community desire for harmony.... more
The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland. Communal colour designs highlight the conflict between individual colour preference and the community desire for harmony. This is often expressed as a fixed colour design by an individual designer. The provision of the widest possible range of colour designs, all
Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven... more
Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven style change. A rule base was authored for the design of Greek temple facades, and was augmented with a style description scheme. These were
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Shape Grammars for Innovative Hybrid Typological Design Dhuha Al-kazzaz 1, Alan Bridges2, Scott Chase3 1, 2Department of Architecture, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom, 3Department of Architecture, Design & Media Technology,... more
Shape Grammars for Innovative Hybrid Typological Design Dhuha Al-kazzaz 1, Alan Bridges2, Scott Chase3 1, 2Department of Architecture, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom, 3Department of Architecture, Design & Media Technology, University of ...
In recent years, 3D virtual worlds have been explored for design teaching, yet it is unclear whether a specific pedagogy is used or adapted for such activities. Here we describe the pedagogical model of Cybergogy of Learning Archetypes... more
In recent years, 3D virtual worlds have been explored for design teaching, yet it is unclear whether a specific pedagogy is used or adapted for such activities. Here we describe the pedagogical model of Cybergogy of Learning Archetypes and Learning Domains, developed specifically for teaching in 3D immersive virtual worlds, and its application to introductory building classes in the virtual world Second Life for architectural design students and teachers as part of the ARCHI21 project.