- M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation,
C.I.T. Campus,
Taramani
Chennai 600 113 - 09892222841
T. Jayaraman
MSSRF, Cliimate Change, Department Member
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences, School of Habitat Studies, Faculty Memberadd
- Trained as a theoretical physicist, current interests include climate change and policy, economics of climate change,... moreTrained as a theoretical physicist, current interests include climate change and policy, economics of climate change, climate change and agriculture. Other subsidiary interests include science policy, and the history and philosophy of scienceedit
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Industrial and residential activities respond distinctly to electricity demand on temperature. Due to increasing temperature trend on account of global warming, its impact on peak electricity demand is a proxy for effective management of... more
Industrial and residential activities respond distinctly to electricity demand on temperature. Due to increasing temperature trend on account of global warming, its impact on peak electricity demand is a proxy for effective management of electricity infrastructure. Few studies explore the relationship between electricity demand and temperature changes in industrial areas in India mainly due to the limitation of data. The precise role of industrial and residential activities response to the temperature is not explored in sub-tropical humid climate of India. Here, we show the temperature sensitivity of industrial and residential areas in the city of Pune, Maharashtra by keeping other influencing variables on electricity demand as constant. The study seeks to estimate the behaviour of peak electricity demand with the apparent temperature (AT) using the Extreme Value Theory. Our analysis shows that industrial activities are not much influenced by the temperature whereas residential acti...
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In the pre-economic reform era, the question of scientific and technological development in India had a central role in the general debate on the country’s development strategy, whether in policy-oriented discussions, in academic... more
In the pre-economic reform era, the question of scientific and technological development in India had a central role in the general debate on the country’s development strategy, whether in policy-oriented discussions, in academic considerations or in discussions in the public and political arena. Unusually, compared to several other contentious issues, science and technology was the subject of a rather broad consensus that, barring a few notable exceptions, drew support from across the political spectrum and from many strands of public and political opinion. The exception was of course the Gandhian critique that originated in a foundational critique of industrial technology and industrial production. But barring this critique it was generally agreed that science and technology were one of the key elements of national economic growth and the general improvement of the material conditions of the population. Indeed the role envisaged for science and technology in national life went wel...
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Economic & Political Weekly EPW january 2, 2010 vol xlv no 1 13 of 50% by 2020 compared to 1990, and a target of 80% emissions cut by developed countries in the same period (see “Copenhagen Battle for Climate Action with Equity”, epw, 28... more
Economic & Political Weekly EPW january 2, 2010 vol xlv no 1 13 of 50% by 2020 compared to 1990, and a target of 80% emissions cut by developed countries in the same period (see “Copenhagen Battle for Climate Action with Equity”, epw, 28 November 2004). In fact, these targets, especially taken together, have been highly contentious during the two years of discussion in the LCA working group, and for good reasons. Together, they imply that developing countries would have to commit to cut their emissions overall by about 20% in absolute terms and at least 60% in per capita terms. The acceptance of the 50% global cut and 80% developed countries’ cut would also have locked in a most unfair sharing of the remaining global carbon budget as it would have allowed the developed countries to get off free from their historical responsibility and their carbon debt. They would have been allocated the rights to a large amount of “carbon space” without being given the responsibility to either unde...
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Scholars, civil society and policy makers from India, along with their colleagues from developing countries, have had a long-standing engagement with the question of equity in climate change. This engagement has not only been reflected in... more
Scholars, civil society and policy makers from India, along with their colleagues from developing countries, have had a long-standing engagement with the question of equity in climate change. This engagement has not only been reflected in India’s climate policy in the run-up to and the signature of
It is well known that there are significant fault lines between different nations on contentious issues at the global climate change negotiations. There are a number of issues which characterize these fault lines, but it is equity in... more
It is well known that there are significant fault lines between different nations on contentious issues at the global climate change negotiations. There are a number of issues which characterize these fault lines, but it is equity in long-term mitigation action that is the subject of this chapter. We discuss here the nature of the debate on equity and its historical evolution, as well as the relevance of different approaches to operationalizing equity within and beyond the framework of the Paris Agreement. Specific proposals for operationalizing equity are critically reviewed both in terms of their adherence to the developments in climate science and the extent to which they focus on and include metrics of equity. Given the developments in global climate policy since the Paris Agreement, we also present an argument for the need for continued efforts in operationalizing equity in all aspects of climate action.
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This critical review and comparison of the Gadgil and Kasturirangan panel reports on the Western Ghats highlights various concerns related to their methodology, recommendations, and the manner in which they resolve the contradictions... more
This critical review and comparison of the Gadgil and Kasturirangan panel reports on the Western Ghats highlights various concerns related to their methodology, recommendations, and the manner in which they resolve the contradictions between the imperatives of environmental protection and economic development. It also focuses on basic demographic data on the affected areas in the Western Ghats, statistics on agricultural land use, and occupation data of the affected population in the ecologically sensitive zones, none of which has been considered in the two reports. The paper argues that the constitution of expert panels for the Western Ghats is an attempt to appeal to the principles of scientific certainty for addressing the dual concerns of environment and development. The two reports have an unwitting common ground: while they are alive to environmental concerns, they ignore insights from development theory and practice. The recommendations of both the reports presume that enviro...
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This study aims to assess the adequacy level of radiological protection systems available in the diagnostic radiology facilities located in three capital cities of North East (NE) India. It further attempts to understand, using a... more
This study aims to assess the adequacy level of radiological protection systems available in the diagnostic radiology facilities located in three capital cities of North East (NE) India. It further attempts to understand, using a multi-disciplinary approach, how the safety codes/standards in diagnostic radiology framed by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to achieve adequate radiological protection in facilities, have been perceived, conceptualized, and applied accordingly in these facilities. About 30 diagnostic radiology facilities were randomly selected from three capitals of states in NE India; namely Imphal (Manipur), Shillong (Meghalaya) and Guwahati (Assam). A semi-structured questionnaire developed based on a multi-disciplinary approach was used for this study. It was observed that radiological practices undertaken in these facilities were not exactly in line with safety codes/standards in diagnostic radiology of the AERB and the IAEA. About 50% of the facilities had registered/licensed x-ray equipment with the AERB. More than 80% of the workers did not use radiation protective devices, although these devices were available in the facilities. About 85% of facilities had no institutional risk management system. About 70% of the facilities did not carry out periodic quality assurance testing of their x-ray equipment or surveys of radiation leakage around the x-ray room, and did not display radiation safety indicators in the x-ray rooms. Workers in these facilities exhibited low risk perception about the risks associated with these practices. The majority of diagnostic radiology facilities in NE India did not comply with the radiological safety codes/standards framed by the AERB and IAEA. The study found inadequate levels of radiological protection systems in the majority of facilities. This study suggests a need to establish firm measures that comply with the radiological safety codes/standards of the AERB and IAEA to protect patients, workers and the public of this region.
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ABSTRACT
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We study the process e+ e-→ γ+ X as a possible test to distinguish between fractionally-charged-quark models and gauged integer-charged-quark models. We find that charge-asymmetry measurement in this process would not distinguish between... more
We study the process e+ e-→ γ+ X as a possible test to distinguish between fractionally-charged-quark models and gauged integer-charged-quark models. We find that charge-asymmetry measurement in this process would not distinguish between the two models, ...
Research Interests: Physics, Quantum Physics, Particle Physics, Medicine, Asymmetry, and 3 morePhysical, Quark, and Photon
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In this article we have studied a scheme of partitioning the global carbon budget using an equity principle. In contrast to earlier approaches, this article carefully distinguishes between the two quantities – ‘entitlements to carbon... more
In this article we have studied a scheme of partitioning the global carbon budget using an equity principle. In contrast to earlier approaches, this article carefully distinguishes between the two quantities – ‘entitlements to carbon space’ and ‘physically available carbon space’. A positive feature of the carbon budgets approach to allocation of mitigation burdens discussed here is that a single framework for mitigation can be applied to all countries. The method offers a concrete operationalization of the principle of achieving the climate goals ‘on the basis of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities’.
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Abstract: We consider Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models with boundary conditions preserving A-type N = 2 supersymmetry. We show the equivalence of a linear class of boundary conditions in the LG model to a particular class of boundary states in... more
Abstract: We consider Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models with boundary conditions preserving A-type N = 2 supersymmetry. We show the equivalence of a linear class of boundary conditions in the LG model to a particular class of boundary states in the corresponding CFT by an explicit computation of the open-string Witten index in the LG model. We extend the linear class of boundary conditions to general non-linear boundary conditions and determine their consistency with A-type N = 2 supersymmetry. This enables us to provide a microscopic description of special Lagrangian submanifolds in C n due to Harvey and Lawson. We generalise this construction to the case of hypersurfaces in P n. We find that the boundary conditions must necessarily have vanishing Poisson bracket with the combination (W(φ) − W(φ)), where W(φ) is the appropriate superpotential for the hypersurface. An interesting application considered is the T 3 supersymmetric cycle of the quintic in the large complex structure limit. Ke...
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We review some recent results on D-branes on Calabi-Yau (CY) manifolds. We show the existence of structures (helices and quivers) which enable one to make statements about large families of D-branes in various phases of the Gauged Linear... more
We review some recent results on D-branes on Calabi-Yau (CY) manifolds. We show the existence of structures (helices and quivers) which enable one to make statements about large families of D-branes in various phases of the Gauged Linear Sigma Model (GLSM) associated with the CY manifold. A comparison of the quivers of two phases leads to the prediction that certain D-brane configurations will decay as one moves across phases. We discuss how boundary fermions can be used to realise various D-brane configurations associated with coherent sheaves in the GLSM with boundary. This is based on the talk presented by S.G. at Strings 2001, Mumbai.
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In this extended note we discuss some trends and developments in the philosophy of science and related questions that are potentially of substantial interest to Marxists. The benefits of a fruitful dialogue between scientific realism and... more
In this extended note we discuss some trends and developments in the philosophy of science and related questions that are potentially of substantial interest to Marxists. The benefits of a fruitful dialogue between scientific realism and dialectical materialism, which would assist in elaborating a Marxist view of science, have been elegantly alluded to in a remarkable essay by the American philosopher, Roy Wood Sellars. 1 In a brief sympathetic survey 2 of dialectical materialism written in 1944, Sellars credits Marxism as the only intellectual force that steadfastly stood up to positivism for several decades despite its origins outside academia and its relative lack of academic acceptance for several decades. However with the growth of realist trends in academic philosophy itself, Sellars writes of the positive contribution that could be made to advance the insight available in Marxist classics such as Lenin’s Materialism and Empirio -Criticism by utilizing the technical advances o...
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This paper presents a critical analysis of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, agreed upon by more than 180 countries at the Twenty-First Conference of Parties (COP 21) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change... more
This paper presents a critical analysis of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, agreed upon by more than 180 countries at the Twenty-First Conference of Parties (COP 21) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The article traces the development of the major issues and points of disagreement in climate negotiations from the Copenhagen summit of 2009 to COP 21 at Paris. The paper argues that the outcomes of COP 21 fell conspicuously short of the world’s requirements in terms of climate science and equity among countries. The paper argues for carbon budgets and, in that context, further argues that the Paris Conference has set goals that are at odds with the feasibility of such goals as indicated in the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In general, the Paris Agreement perpetuates the low levels of climate action thus far undertaken by the developed nations while offering little concrete assistance to ...
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Addressing environmental concerns alongside economic development and energy transitions is a challenge for all countries and effective policy making requires approaches that can balance all these concerns. In this paper, combining a range... more
Addressing environmental concerns alongside economic development and energy transitions is a challenge for all countries and effective policy making requires approaches that can balance all these concerns. In this paper, combining a range of modeling methodologies is proposed as a way of addressing these questions in an integrated manner. The choice of models to be used would depend on the specific characteristics of the system and region being studied. One possible combination of models is discusses in this paper for the specific case of India. The Integrated Modeling Framework (IMF) proposed combines three modeling approaches – i) index decomposition to estimate impacts of structural changes in the economy, ii) constrained optimization to estimate least cost fuel options for the power sector, iii) input-output analysis to estimate economic impacts. The model results indicate that the mode of investment for climate change mitigation is a significant determinant of the impact on economic growth, incomes, and income distribution in India. In some scenarios, higher investments in green energy negatively affects low income households significantly more as compared to other households. The paper also demonstrates how the IMF can be used to determine the reasons for and therefore alleviate the negative impacts.
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It is necessary to determine the role of various nations, including India, China and the other major developing countries in keeping the total atmospheric stock of greenhouse gases below 450 ppm (carbon dioxide equivalent) which, in turn,... more
It is necessary to determine the role of various nations, including India, China and the other major developing countries in keeping the total atmospheric stock of greenhouse gases below 450 ppm (carbon dioxide equivalent) which, in turn, would provide a 50% ...
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AbsTRaCT: We consider Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models with boundary conditions preserving A-type N= 2 supersymmetry. We show the equivalence of a linear class of boundary conditions in the LG model to a particular class of boundary states in... more
AbsTRaCT: We consider Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models with boundary conditions preserving A-type N= 2 supersymmetry. We show the equivalence of a linear class of boundary conditions in the LG model to a particular class of boundary states in the corresponding CFT by an explicit computation of the open-string Witten index in the LG model. We extend the linear class of boundary conditions to general non-linear boundary conditions and determine their consistency with A-type N= 2 supersymmetry. This enables ...
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Research Interests: Calabi-Yau and D-branes
The Paris Agreement has set targets for limiting temperature rise due to global warming which will be virtually impossible (1.5°C) or very difficult (well below 2°C) to realise. It ignores the fact that these targets require a strict... more
The Paris Agreement has set targets for limiting temperature rise due to global warming which will be virtually impossible (1.5°C) or very difficult (well below 2°C) to realise. It ignores the fact that these targets require a strict limit on global cumulative emissions in the future. Allowing all countries, especially developed ones, to do what they feel able to, rather than what is necessary, sets the world on a dangerous and inequitable path to the future. - See more at: http://www.epw.in/journal/2016/3/commentary/paris-agreement.html#sthash.4aumlAWd.dpuf
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The data on two-jet production in the PETRA single-tag two-photon experiments have been analyzed in the integer-charge quark model based on a spontaneously broken SU (3) colour gauge theory. The results show that the model is consistent... more
The data on two-jet production in the PETRA single-tag two-photon experiments have been analyzed in the integer-charge quark model based on a spontaneously broken SU (3) colour gauge theory. The results show that the model is consistent with experiment for mg⪅ 200 ...
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ABSTRACT This appreciation of Meera Nanda’s book ‘Prophets Facing Backwards’ deals primarily with the contemporary socio‐political relevance of her work. This essay highlights the significance of the book in the study of the Hindu... more
ABSTRACT This appreciation of Meera Nanda’s book ‘Prophets Facing Backwards’ deals primarily with the contemporary socio‐political relevance of her work. This essay highlights the significance of the book in the study of the Hindu fundamentalist stance towards the natural sciences and its roots in the construction of the world view of neo‐Hinduism. It also situates the emergence of the post‐modernist critique of science in India, that has made ideological common cause with Hindu fundamentalim on the question of science, in the context of a long tradition of political debate about the relevance and significance of the role of science and technology for India’s socio‐economic development. This essay also deals with some major lacunae in Nanda’s reding of the ground realities of the intellectual space in Indian society today and the manner in which this is reflected in her analysis of Hindu fundamentalism and the sciences.
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In this note we study the gluing procedures for holomorphic conformal field theories on Riemann surfaces. Using an operator formalism, we show how to obtain the new partition function and correlation function for the case when a handle is... more
In this note we study the gluing procedures for holomorphic conformal field theories on Riemann surfaces. Using an operator formalism, we show how to obtain the new partition function and correlation function for the case when a handle is created on a surface or ...
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The data of recent single-tag two-photon experiments indicating noticeable excess in (R γγ) jet over fractionally charged quark-parton model-predictions is studied from the point of view of its implications on the gauge integer charge... more
The data of recent single-tag two-photon experiments indicating noticeable excess in (R γγ) jet over fractionally charged quark-parton model-predictions is studied from the point of view of its implications on the gauge integer charge quark model. Focusing attention on the ...