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The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), a self-report measure, was developed by the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (OCCWG) to assess beliefs considered relevant in the etiology and maintenance of obsessions and... more
The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), a self-report measure, was developed by the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (OCCWG) to assess beliefs considered relevant in the etiology and maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian language version of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (POBQ-44). A sample of 222 medical students from an Iranian university was used to assess the reliability and validity of the POBQ-44. The results indicated five factors: 1) general, 2) perfectionism, certainty, 3) responsibility and threat estimation, 4) importance and control of thoughts, 5) complete performance. Each of these factors was found to have adequate test-retest and internal consistency reliability. Each of the factors was associated with O-C symptoms. In addition, adequate convergent validity was found with a measure of obsessive compulsive symptoms, and discriminate validity was found w...
Research Interests: Depression, English language, Evaluation, Internet Addiction, Factor analysis, and 15 moreAutomatism, Humans, Female, College Students, Confirmatory factor analysis, Construct Validity, Beck Depression Inventory, Clinical Sciences, Anxiety and Depression, Convergent Validity, Adult, English Language, Depressive Symptoms, Factor structure, and General Population
Recent epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its comorbidity with psychiatric problems is more prevalent among children and adolescents than was previously believed. The primary aim of the current study... more
Recent epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its comorbidity with psychiatric problems is more prevalent among children and adolescents than was previously believed. The primary aim of the current study is to investigate the point-prevalence rate of obsessive compulsive symptoms in a sample of adolescent high school student in Iran. A two-stage epidemiological study was carried out through a clustered random sampling method. All participants went through a two-stage assessment procedure, in the first screening phase, the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) was administered to 909 randomly selected students (in the age range 14-18 years). Participants were considered possible sub-clinical or clinical OCD cases, if they obtained a score of MOCI≥15. In the second stage, the Symptoms Checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R) was administered to student who fulfilled the screening criteria. The prevalence of OC symptoms was found to be 11.2 percent fo...
The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), a self-report measure, was developed by the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (OCCWG) to assess beliefs considered relevant in the etiology and maintenance of obsessions and... more
The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), a self-report measure, was developed by the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (OCCWG) to assess beliefs considered relevant in the etiology and maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian language version of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (POBQ-44). A sample of 222 medical students from an Iranian university was used to assess the reliability and validity of the POBQ-44. The results indicated five factors: 1) general, 2) perfectionism, certainty, 3) responsibility and threat estimation, 4) importance and control of thoughts, 5) complete performance. Each of these factors was found to have adequate test-retest and internal consistency reliability. Each of the factors was associated with O-C symptoms. In addition, adequate convergent validity was found with a measure of obsessive compulsive symptoms, and discriminate validity was found w...
The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university... more
The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university students. The PI-WSUR was translated into Persian, and its back translation was controlled by the author inventory. A pilot study based on cultural differences was carried out on twenty students. The study subjects consisted of 348 university students, and they completed PPI, OCI-R, MOCI, BAI, STAI, BDI-II and the demographic inventory. The factor analysis of the PI-WSUR, exhibited eight factors similar but not identical with factor structure in previous studies. as the eight factors are as follows: contamination obsessions; washing compulsions; ordering compulsions; checking compulsions; obsessional thoughts to harm self/others; obsessional thoughts about violence; obsessional impulses to harm self/others; and obsessional impulses to steal. The res...
Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that specific kinds of dysfunctional beliefs underlie the development of this disorder. The aim of present study was to determine whether these beliefs are endorsed more... more
Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that specific kinds of dysfunctional beliefs underlie the development of this disorder. The aim of present study was to determine whether these beliefs are endorsed more strongly by OCD patients than by those with other anxiety disorders and by community samples. A battery of questionnaires, including the OBQ-44, MOCI, BDI-II, BAI, STAI, used to assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety in 39 OCD patients (OC), 46 anxious patients (AC) and 41 community controls (CC). Compared to CCs and ACs, OC patients more strongly endorsed beliefs related to importance and control of thoughts. Both OC and AC patients scored higher than CC participants did on belief domains about responsibility/threat estimation and perfectionism/certainty. Therefore, the domain that seems to be specific to OCD is a set of beliefs that revolves around the contention that it is possible and necessary to control one's thoughts. Resu...
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The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university... more
The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university students. The PI-WSUR was translated into Persian, and its back translation was controlled by the author inventory. A pilot study based on cultural differences was carried out on twenty students. The study subjects consisted of 348 university students, and they completed PPI, OCI-R, MOCI, BAI, STAI, BDI-II and the demographic inventory. The factor analysis of the PI-WSUR, exhibited eight factors similar but not identical with factor structure in previous studies. as the eight factors are as follows: contamination obsessions; washing compulsions; ordering compulsions; checking compulsions; obsessional thoughts to harm self/others; obsessional thoughts about violence; obsessional impulses to harm self/others; and obsessional impulses to steal. The res...
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... RAM NARAYAN GITI KHANOM SHAMS RUCHI JAIN B. S. GUPTA Department of Psychology Banaras Hindu University ... Inventory (EPI, Form A; Eysenck & Eysenck, 1964); (b) a Hindi version (Spielberger, Sharma, & Singh, 1973) of the Trait... more
... RAM NARAYAN GITI KHANOM SHAMS RUCHI JAIN B. S. GUPTA Department of Psychology Banaras Hindu University ... Inventory (EPI, Form A; Eysenck & Eysenck, 1964); (b) a Hindi version (Spielberger, Sharma, & Singh, 1973) of the Trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety ...
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The aim of the current study was to examine the factor structure and the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the World Health... more
The aim of the current study was to examine the factor structure and the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument in HIV Infection (WHOQOL-HIV-Bref). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factors analysis (CFA) were conducted on self-reported WHOQOL-HIV-Bref data from 1196 HIV-positive patients, frequenting the main departments of infectious diseases in Portugal. An EFA with a randomly chosen subsample suggested a five-domain structure for the WHOQOL-HIV-Bref. CFA validated this five-domain structure in a separate subsample, but also revealed that the original six-domain model fit the data. Accordingly, it was decided to use the original factor structure. Based on the original six domain structure, the European Portuguese version of WHOQOL-HIV-Bref showed acceptable internal consistency (alpha range: 0.61-0.80 across domains). All domains (with exception of Spirituality) clearly discriminated subjects considering the CD4+ T cell count subgroups. These findings revealed additional insights about the factor structure of the WHOQOL-HIV-Bref and provided evidence in support of the original six-domain structure. This instrument showed to be a cross-culturally valid measure of quality of life, particularly useful when addressing the impact of HIV not only on physical and psychological well-being but also on several domains beyond health.
Research Interests: Psychology, Adolescent, Psychological Well Being, Portugal, Humans, and 15 moreFemale, Confirmatory factor analysis, Male, European Portuguese, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Hiv Infection, Psychometric Properties, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Factor structure, Cross Sectional Studies, AIDS care, Domain Model, and HIV infections
Research Interests: Psychology and Elsevier
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Positive emotion regulation (ER) strategies may contribute to the development and maintenance of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression; nonetheless, the underlying and transdiagnostic mechanisms are still unknown. To examine:... more
Positive emotion regulation (ER) strategies may contribute to the development and maintenance of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression; nonetheless, the underlying and transdiagnostic mechanisms are still unknown. To examine: 1) the mediating role of positive ER strategies in the relationship between ER deficits and experiential avoidance in GAD and depression symptoms; 2) differences in positive ER strategies among participants with elevated symptoms of GAD, depression, depression comorbid with GAD, and a nonclinical sample. 532 Tehran University students completed questionnaires assessing experiential avoidance, deficits in ER, positive ER strategies (dampening, positive rumination), and GAD and depression symptoms. Differences were assessed in four groups: GAD, depression, depression comorbid with GAD, and nonclinical. Data were analysed with path analysis and MANCOVA. Dampening and positive rumination mediated the relationship between deficits in ER and experiential ...
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ntroduction: Emotional display rule are factors dependent on the cultural background of each person and they have a determinant role in expressing emotion. According to these rules, whatever emotion a person expresses is related to... more
ntroduction: Emotional display rule are factors dependent on the cultural background of each person and they have a determinant role in expressing emotion. According to these rules, whatever emotion a person expresses is related to sub-threshold factors determined by personal culture. We aimed to investigate affect experience, which is important in psychological wellbeing and identified as a major determinant of quality of life. Materials and Methods: The participants in this study were 560 Iranian individuals who live in various cities of Iran (Tehran, Abadan, Ahwaz, Shiraz, Isfahan, and Mashhad) in 2014-2015, and were selected through multistage clustering sampling method. Each one has their own specific emotional display rule. Hypotheses were investigated in light of emotional display rule and positive/negative affect. Questionnaires used in this study were Display Rule Assessment Inventory (DRAI) and Positive/ Negative affect (PANAS). Multiple regressions were used to test the s...
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Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that specific kinds of dysfunctional beliefs underlie the development of this disorder. The aim of present study was to determine whether these beliefs are endorsed more... more
Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that specific kinds of dysfunctional beliefs underlie the development of this disorder. The aim of present study was to determine whether these beliefs are endorsed more strongly by OCD patients than by those with other anxiety disorders and by community samples. A battery of questionnaires, including the OBQ-44, MOCI, BDI-II, BAI, STAI, used to assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety in 39 OCD patients (OC), 46 anxious patients (AC) and 41 community controls (CC). Compared to CCs and ACs, OC patients more strongly endorsed beliefs related to importance and control of thoughts. Both OC and AC patients scored higher than CC participants did on belief domains about responsibility/threat estimation and perfectionism/certainty. Therefore, the domain that seems to be specific to OCD is a set of beliefs that revolves around the contention that it is possible and necessary to control one's thoughts. Resu...
Research Interests:
The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), a self-report measure, was developed by the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (OCCWG) to assess beliefs considered relevant in the etiology and maintenance of obsessions and... more
The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), a self-report measure, was developed by the Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group (OCCWG) to assess beliefs considered relevant in the etiology and maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian language version of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (POBQ-44). A sample of 222 medical students from an Iranian university was used to assess the reliability and validity of the POBQ-44. The results indicated five factors: 1) general, 2) perfectionism, certainty, 3) responsibility and threat estimation, 4) importance and control of thoughts, 5) complete performance. Each of these factors was found to have adequate test-retest and internal consistency reliability. Each of the factors was associated with O-C symptoms. In addition, adequate convergent validity was found with a measure of obsessive compulsive symptoms, and discriminate validity was found w...
Research Interests: Depression, English language, Evaluation, Internet Addiction, Factor analysis, and 15 moreAutomatism, Humans, Female, College Students, Confirmatory factor analysis, Construct Validity, Beck Depression Inventory, Clinical Sciences, Anxiety and Depression, Convergent Validity, Adult, English Language, Depressive Symptoms, Factor structure, and General Population
Recent epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its comorbidity with psychiatric problems is more prevalent among children and adolescents than was previously believed. The primary aim of the current study... more
Recent epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its comorbidity with psychiatric problems is more prevalent among children and adolescents than was previously believed. The primary aim of the current study is to investigate the point-prevalence rate of obsessive compulsive symptoms in a sample of adolescent high school student in Iran. A two-stage epidemiological study was carried out through a clustered random sampling method. All participants went through a two-stage assessment procedure, in the first screening phase, the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) was administered to 909 randomly selected students (in the age range 14-18 years). Participants were considered possible sub-clinical or clinical OCD cases, if they obtained a score of MOCI≥15. In the second stage, the Symptoms Checklist -90-revised (SCL-90-R) was administered to student who fulfilled the screening criteria. The prevalence of OC symptoms was found to be 11.2 percent f...
Research Interests: Depression, Risk assessment, Adolescent, Medicine, Comorbidity, and 15 moreAnxiety, Iran, Humans, Female, Male, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Regression Analysis, Mental Disorders, Prevalence, Age Factors, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, ANXIETY, Adolescent Behavior, and Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
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Objective: Recent developments in cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder posits that nearly everyone experiences unwanted intrusive thoughts, images, and impulses from time to time. The intrusions are not particularly a... more
Objective: Recent developments in cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder posits that nearly everyone experiences unwanted intrusive thoughts, images, and impulses from time to time. The intrusions are not particularly a problematic issue; it is more probably an interpretation or attempts to control in maladaptive or unrealistic ways. So, the present article aimed to assess the nature, prevalence, appraisal, and control strategies of intrusions in the Iranian population. Methods: We employed the international intrusive thoughts interview schedule in a sample of Iranian university students (n=50) selected by the convenient sampling method. Results: Nearly all participants (100%) reported experiencing at least one type of unwanted intrusive thoughts during the previous three months. The highest prevalence of Unwanted Intrusive Thoughts (UITs) belonged to the doubt category, and a large proportion of other UITs were also detected. However, the lowest prevalence of UITs was ob...
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ObjectiveThe psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian... more
ObjectiveThe psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university students.MethodThe PI-WSUR was translated into Persian, and its back translation was controlled by the author inventory. A pilot study based on cultural differences was carried out on twenty students. The study subjects consisted of 348 university students, and they completed PPI, OCI-R, MOCI, BAI, STAI, BDI-II and the demographic inventory.ResultsThe factor analysis of the PI-WSUR, exhibited eight factors similar but not identical with factor structure in previous studies. as the eight factors are as follows: contamination obsessions; washing compulsions; ordering compulsions; checking compulsions; obsessional thoughts to harm self/others; obsessional thoughts about violence; obsessional impulses to harm self/others; and obsessional impulses to steal. The result also indicated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach alpha= 0.92), Spearman split test (0.95) and test- retest (r= 0.77). We assessed the concurrent validity of the PPI in relation to the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), and the Maudsley Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory (MOCI).ConclusionThe Iranian version of the PI to some extend remains the sound psychometric properties of the original version.
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Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that specific kinds of dysfunctional beliefs underlie the development of this disorder. The aim of present study was to determine whether these beliefs are endorsed more... more
Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit that specific kinds of dysfunctional beliefs underlie the development of this disorder. The aim of present study was to determine whether these beliefs are endorsed more strongly by OCD patients than by those with other anxiety disorders and by community samples. A battery of questionnaires, including the OBQ-44, MOCI, BDI-II, BAI, STAI, used to assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety in 39 OCD patients (OC), 46 anxious patients (AC) and 41 community controls (CC). Compared to CCs and ACs, OC patients more strongly endorsed beliefs related to importance and control of thoughts. Both OC and AC patients scored higher than CC participants did on belief domains about responsibility/threat estimation and perfectionism/certainty. Therefore, the domain that seems to be specific to OCD is a set of beliefs that revolves around the contention that it is possible and necessary to control one's thoughts. Resu...
Research Interests:
The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university... more
The psychometric properties and factor structure of the Persian Padua Inventory Washington State University Revision (PI-WSUR), a measure of obsessive- compulsive phenomena, was examined in a non-clinical sample of 348 Iranian university students. The PI-WSUR was translated into Persian, and its back translation was controlled by the author inventory. A pilot study based on cultural differences was carried out on twenty students. The study subjects consisted of 348 university students, and they completed PPI, OCI-R, MOCI, BAI, STAI, BDI-II and the demographic inventory. The factor analysis of the PI-WSUR, exhibited eight factors similar but not identical with factor structure in previous studies. as the eight factors are as follows: contamination obsessions; washing compulsions; ordering compulsions; checking compulsions; obsessional thoughts to harm self/others; obsessional thoughts about violence; obsessional impulses to harm self/others; and obsessional impulses to steal. The res...
Recent epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its comorbidity with psychiatric problems is more prevalent among children and adolescents than was previously believed. The primary aim of the current study... more
Recent epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and its comorbidity with psychiatric problems is more prevalent among children and adolescents than was previously believed. The primary aim of the current study is to investigate the point-prevalence rate of obsessive compulsive symptoms in a sample of adolescent high school student in Iran. A two-stage epidemiological study was carried out through a clustered random sampling method. All participants went through a two-stage assessment procedure, in the first screening phase, the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) was administered to 909 randomly selected students (in the age range 14-18 years). Participants were considered possible sub-clinical or clinical OCD cases, if they obtained a score of MOCI≥15. In the second stage, the Symptoms Checklist -90-revised (SCL-90-R) was administered to student who fulfilled the screening criteria. The prevalence of OC symptoms was found to be 11.2 percent f...
