- Despacho E IV-207
Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 5
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
28049 Madrid · España - +34 91 497 4119
This study provides new evidence on factors driving firms' eco-innovation in the European Union based on data from the Community Innovation Survey for the years 2008 and 2014 for eleven European countries. Firstly, our findings reveal... more
This study provides new evidence on factors driving firms' eco-innovation in the European Union based on data from the Community Innovation Survey for the years 2008 and 2014 for eleven European countries. Firstly, our findings reveal that the propensity to eco-innovate changes over time. Secondly, the propensity to eco-innovate is unequally distributed across sectors, given that it is concentrated in a few sectors. Thirdly, we find that sectoral behavior is strongly influenced by the taxonomy of green sectors introduced by the European Union, since the propensity to innovate is higher in the carbon leakage taxonomy than in the mitigation and adaptation taxonomy. These results provide further insights into the sectoral factors driving eco-innovation diffusion. Moreover, these findings are relevant to increase environmental stringency, as they contribute to the diffusion of eco-innovation across sectors, especially in those that do not innovate.
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ResumenEn el presente estudio, se presenta una alternativa a las prácticas docentes tradicionales mediante la utilización del vídeo como recurso docente en un entorno de aula invertida por parte del estudiantado. A partir de... more
ResumenEn el presente estudio, se presenta una alternativa a las prácticas docentes tradicionales mediante la utilización del vídeo como recurso docente en un entorno de aula invertida por parte del estudiantado. A partir de un análisis efectuado en tres asignaturas pertenecientes al ámbito de economía aplicada en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y la Universidad de A Coruña durante el curso 2022/2023, se introduce un proyecto novedoso de evaluación continua, donde el estudiantado debe elaborar vídeos a partir de materiales facilitados por el docente. Los resultados muestran que la utilización del vídeo aumenta la motivación del estudiantado, aumentando el interés en las asignaturas y en sus expectativas de obtener una buena calificación. No se detecta, sin embargo, la existencia de un patrón de género en los resultados, ya que no existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. Estos resultados sugieren una importante reflexión en cuanto al futuro de la docencia de asignaturas de economía en un entorno globalizado
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A lo largo de la segunda década del siglo XXI, propuestas con enfoques muy diferentes han reclamado los calificativos de neoestructural o de nueva economía estructural. Ante la variedad de puntos de vista, se ha considerado pertinente... more
A lo largo de la segunda década del siglo XXI, propuestas con enfoques muy diferentes han reclamado los calificativos de neoestructural o de nueva economía estructural. Ante la variedad de puntos de vista, se ha considerado pertinente preguntar por las nociones de estructura que se utilizan en las prácticas de investigación, así como las diferencias entre ellas y las implicaciones que esto tiene. Como resultado, se ha podido establecer que el interés de las estructuras se encuentra en el orden o la organización de las relaciones, el proceso por el que emerge, las propiedades y poderes causales que lo caracterizan o en su reproducción. Se trata de un concepto que, bajo ciertas limitaciones, puede utilizarse dentro de la economía convencional y adecuarse a las validaciones del individualismo metodológico. Sin ellas también puede construir conocimientos científicos, pero con mecanismos de validación y alcance diferentes. Por tanto, el problema para las prácticas de investigación que lo utilizan, se encuentra en delimitar si se trabaja en un espacio de prueba u otro y en asumir las consecuencias que esto tiene para el enfoque de la investigación.
On the second decade of the 21st century, studies with very different approaches
have claimed the character of neo-structural, or new structural economy. Considering the diversity of perspectives, it is relevant wondering about the ideas of structure used in research standards, as well as the differences between them and their implications. As a result, it has been possible to conclude that the interest of structures rest in the order, or the organization of relationships, the process of its emergence, the properties and causal forces that define them or their expansion. The concept may work, under certain constraints, within conventional economics and be adopted on the validation of methodological individualism. Without these constraints, it can also build scientific knowledge, but with different validation mechanisms and scope. Therefore, the problem for the research methodology is establishing whether the structure works in one scientific area or another and assume the consequences of this approach.
On the second decade of the 21st century, studies with very different approaches
have claimed the character of neo-structural, or new structural economy. Considering the diversity of perspectives, it is relevant wondering about the ideas of structure used in research standards, as well as the differences between them and their implications. As a result, it has been possible to conclude that the interest of structures rest in the order, or the organization of relationships, the process of its emergence, the properties and causal forces that define them or their expansion. The concept may work, under certain constraints, within conventional economics and be adopted on the validation of methodological individualism. Without these constraints, it can also build scientific knowledge, but with different validation mechanisms and scope. Therefore, the problem for the research methodology is establishing whether the structure works in one scientific area or another and assume the consequences of this approach.
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This chapter assesses the main challenges of Goal 9 in Latin America in light of the dynamics entailing structural change. The authors depart from the increasing environmental awareness, which has been raising important global and... more
This chapter assesses the main challenges of Goal 9 in Latin America in light of the dynamics entailing structural change. The authors depart from the increasing environmental awareness, which has been raising important global and institutional arrangements, such as the 2030 Agenda or the Paris Agreement, among others. As a consequence, cleaner industrial production has become a must to comply with such increasing environmental stringency. At the same time, the authors recognize the importance of structural change to explain the patterns of development in the Latin American region. For this purpose, the existing links between structural change and Goal 9 are carefully analyzed. These results are used to identify the main critical points and bottlenecks when implementing the Sustainable Development 2030 Agenda in Latin America and the Caribbean. Therefore, the Latin American economic and social reality emerging after the COVID-19 pandemic has been set out, as well as the main features of structural change in both the region and Goal 9.
The remainder of this contribution is described as follows: the post-pandemic situation of the region has been discussed, as well as the role played by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9 and structural change. Then, SDG 9 has been analyzed in the region. To do so, the systemic methodology that defines the SDGs has been followed. First, the links between infrastructure, industrial development, and innovation were examined in the context of Goal 9. Second, the most important targets in the region and the indicators associated with them have been presented. To complete the analysis, the authors build on the main relationships between SDG 9 and the rest of the goals. Afterward, the importance of structural change in the development of Latin America has been presented. Its main features and drivers, such as structural transformation, industrialization, technical progress, or international competitiveness, were also explained. From these results, the critical points and bottlenecks in the implementation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda have been discussed. Thus, the authors aim to identify the main areas in which policy actions need to be implemented to accelerate the adoption of the SDGs.
The remainder of this contribution is described as follows: the post-pandemic situation of the region has been discussed, as well as the role played by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9 and structural change. Then, SDG 9 has been analyzed in the region. To do so, the systemic methodology that defines the SDGs has been followed. First, the links between infrastructure, industrial development, and innovation were examined in the context of Goal 9. Second, the most important targets in the region and the indicators associated with them have been presented. To complete the analysis, the authors build on the main relationships between SDG 9 and the rest of the goals. Afterward, the importance of structural change in the development of Latin America has been presented. Its main features and drivers, such as structural transformation, industrialization, technical progress, or international competitiveness, were also explained. From these results, the critical points and bottlenecks in the implementation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda have been discussed. Thus, the authors aim to identify the main areas in which policy actions need to be implemented to accelerate the adoption of the SDGs.
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Las economías latinoamericanas, en especial las sudamericanas exportadoras de materias primas no renovables (mineras y energéticas), han conocido un periodo de elevado crecimiento económico durante la primera década del... more
Las economías latinoamericanas, en especial las sudamericanas exportadoras de materias primas no renovables (mineras y energéticas), han conocido un periodo de elevado crecimiento económico durante la primera década del siglo XXI, caracterizada por la mejora de las condiciones en los mercados de materias primas. Esta situación hizo pensar que, por fin, se estaba consiguiendo la ruptura con una cierta tendencia al rezago respecto del crecimiento y bienestar de las economías más desarrolladas y también con respecto de los países emergentes en la economía mundial. Sin embargo, la generalización de crisis económica ha puesto de relieve la fragilidad de la estrategia exportadora, en tanto que se ha producido una reprimarización de las exportaciones sin que se haya acompañado de cambios estructurales suficientemente intensos como para asegurar un crecimiento basado en la mejora de la productividad y la innovación.
Latin American economies, particularly the South American non renewable commodities exporters (minerals and energy), have known a term of high economic growth in the first decade of the XXI century, featured by the improvement of the conditions in the commodities markets. This led to think that, at last, were achieving the breaking off in the tendency to falling behind regarding to growth and wealth of the advanced economies and also of the emerging countries. Nevertheless, the spread of the economic crisis has highlighted the fragility of the export-led growth strategy, since there has been a reprimarization of the exports without structural change intense enough to guarantee a growth based on the improvement of productivity and innovation.
Latin American economies, particularly the South American non renewable commodities exporters (minerals and energy), have known a term of high economic growth in the first decade of the XXI century, featured by the improvement of the conditions in the commodities markets. This led to think that, at last, were achieving the breaking off in the tendency to falling behind regarding to growth and wealth of the advanced economies and also of the emerging countries. Nevertheless, the spread of the economic crisis has highlighted the fragility of the export-led growth strategy, since there has been a reprimarization of the exports without structural change intense enough to guarantee a growth based on the improvement of productivity and innovation.
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La investigacion estudia los problemas de la region suramericana con respecto al desarrollo economico, vinculados a los desequilibrios entre la realidad, las explicaciones y las politicas seguidas. Todo ello ha llevado a plantear como... more
La investigacion estudia los problemas de la region suramericana con respecto al desarrollo economico, vinculados a los desequilibrios entre la realidad, las explicaciones y las politicas seguidas. Todo ello ha llevado a plantear como objetivo general de la investigacion contribuir a la interpretacion de los problemas de subdesarrollo en la region suramericana a partir del analisis de la adecuacion de la trayectoria seguida por la transformacion estructural de sus economias con respecto a los objetivos de desarrollo economico. Con este fin, se han planteado las bases del analisis estructural y lo que aporta al estudio del cambio y la dinamica estructurales. La constatacion de que con ello no se ha dejado a presentar un estudio fundamentalmente deductivo a llevado a presentar los cambios que se han producido entre las formas de pensar sobre la realidad suramericana y las diferencias entre las fases de crecimiento que ha presentado la region. De ahi que se hayan estudiado las contribu...
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Con la necesidad de ofrecer explicaciones a la crisis, parece que los argumentos complacientes con la globalización han perdido audiencia en favor de enfoques que ahondan en sus disfunciones. Algunos de ellos los podemos encontrar en las... more
Con la necesidad de ofrecer explicaciones a la crisis, parece que los argumentos complacientes con la globalización han perdido audiencia en favor de enfoques que ahondan en sus disfunciones. Algunos de ellos los podemos encontrar en las distintas formas con que los autores de este libro atacan la problemática. Y ésta es plantear la situación y opciones de futuro de la integración latinoamericana. Pero para ello hay que determinar los factores y procesos que han estructurado sus economías y delimitar en qué pueden contribuir los distintos programas de integración al desarrollo económico y social de América Latina. De ahí que encontremos perspectivas pesimistas sobre la globalización junto a otras que enfatizan la regionalización del comercio mundial, al presentar los fundamentos económicos con que la región enfrentó el regionalismo abierto. En cualquier caso, todas las aportaciones se reúnen, mas allá de los movimientos de capital financiero, en el análisis sobre la producción y el empleo.