Revista Antesteria
"Antesteria. Debates de Historia Antigua" (ISSN 2254-1683) surgió para plasmar algunas de las mejores aportaciones presentadas y debatidas a lo largo de los Encuentros de Jóvenes Investigadores de Historia Antigua de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Con el fin primordial de contribuir al desarrollo de la ciencia histórica y a la promoción de los jóvenes investigadores que en ella se inician o dan sus primeros pasos, abre también sus páginas a la difusión de resultados no presentados en el Encuentro.
La agrupación de Jóvenes Investigadores de Historia Antigua de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid está constituida por los contratados predoctorales y antiguos becarios del Departamento de Historia Antigua de dicha universidad, y tiene como objetivo principal el intercambio, la colaboración y el acercamiento, a nivel académico pero también personal, en aras de fomentar un clima de desarrollo científico de calidad y de convivencia cordial y enriquecedora.
Dentro de esta agrupación, la principal actividad desarrollada ha sido la organización de los Encuentros de Jóvenes Investigadores en Historia Antigua, unas reuniones científicas anuales abiertas a la participación de todos los jóvenes investigadores predoctorales y postdoctorales de las distintas universidades y centros de investigación españoles y extranjeros, y cuyo espíritu no es muy distinto del que anima a la propia agrupación: crear un lugar de encuentro e intercambio científico que permita a los investigadores que están introduciéndose en el mundo de la investigación obtener una amplia perspectiva de los ámbitos de estudio más en boga y conocer a las personas que puedan estar desarrollando trabajos cercanos o conectados con los suyos. Esto se logra mediante la generación de un foro en el que cada investigador puede exponer brevemente su objeto de estudio o sus líneas de investigación, y en el que los debates distendidos pero con un alto nivel científico adquieren un papel protagonista.
Supervisors: Departamento de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y Arqueología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Address: C/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n (Ciudad Universitaria)
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia (Edificio Filosofía B), Departamento de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y Arqueología (planta 11)
La agrupación de Jóvenes Investigadores de Historia Antigua de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid está constituida por los contratados predoctorales y antiguos becarios del Departamento de Historia Antigua de dicha universidad, y tiene como objetivo principal el intercambio, la colaboración y el acercamiento, a nivel académico pero también personal, en aras de fomentar un clima de desarrollo científico de calidad y de convivencia cordial y enriquecedora.
Dentro de esta agrupación, la principal actividad desarrollada ha sido la organización de los Encuentros de Jóvenes Investigadores en Historia Antigua, unas reuniones científicas anuales abiertas a la participación de todos los jóvenes investigadores predoctorales y postdoctorales de las distintas universidades y centros de investigación españoles y extranjeros, y cuyo espíritu no es muy distinto del que anima a la propia agrupación: crear un lugar de encuentro e intercambio científico que permita a los investigadores que están introduciéndose en el mundo de la investigación obtener una amplia perspectiva de los ámbitos de estudio más en boga y conocer a las personas que puedan estar desarrollando trabajos cercanos o conectados con los suyos. Esto se logra mediante la generación de un foro en el que cada investigador puede exponer brevemente su objeto de estudio o sus líneas de investigación, y en el que los debates distendidos pero con un alto nivel científico adquieren un papel protagonista.
Supervisors: Departamento de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y Arqueología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Address: C/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n (Ciudad Universitaria)
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia (Edificio Filosofía B), Departamento de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y Arqueología (planta 11)
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Nº 11 (2022) by Revista Antesteria
(Spanish version) Según la literatura clásica, el reinado de Artajerjes IV, más conocido como Arsés, está dominado por las intrigas de la corte, orquestadas por el máximo funcionario del Gran Rey a costa de la dinastía aqueménida. Sin embargo, esta narrativa se contradice con dos tablillas cuneiformes, que disputan tanto el desarrollo de estos hechos como el supuesto papel de sus protagonistas. En el presente estudio, estos testimonios contradictorios se yuxtaponen entre sí y se examinan críticamente, en un esfuerzo por establecer una imagen más matizada y completa de las transiciones dinásticas en cuestión, así como del contexto geopolítico en el que se produjeron.
(Spanish version) Según la literatura clásica, el reinado de Artajerjes IV, más conocido como Arsés, está dominado por las intrigas de la corte, orquestadas por el máximo funcionario del Gran Rey a costa de la dinastía aqueménida. Sin embargo, esta narrativa se contradice con dos tablillas cuneiformes, que disputan tanto el desarrollo de estos hechos como el supuesto papel de sus protagonistas. En el presente estudio, estos testimonios contradictorios se yuxtaponen entre sí y se examinan críticamente, en un esfuerzo por establecer una imagen más matizada y completa de las transiciones dinásticas en cuestión, así como del contexto geopolítico en el que se produjeron.
Las excavaciones del siglo pasado en algunos edificios palatinos del Levante septentrional y meridional han desenterrado decoraciones pictóricas valiosas, fechables en el Bronce Medio y Final. En este trabajo se presenta un análisis de algunas pinturas de acuerdo con precisos criterios arqueológicos, como el contexto arquitectónico, esencial, e histórico-artístico, comparando las obras con la producción artística contemporánea y no, y evidenciando diferentes niveles de participación y diferenciación de las técnicas y motivos iconográficos.
During the last century, excavations in the royal palaces of several archaeological sites of northern and southern Levant had brought to light fragments of rich decorative paintings, datable to Middle and Late Bronze ages. This paper wants to offer an analysis of these works from an architectural and art-historical point of view, showing some levels of sharing and differentiation of techniques and iconographic motifs.
Warfare achieved in the Near Eastern world a high level of sophistication, which came out not only in the conquest of lands but also in the logistics and in the existence of a fully developed siege equipment. The military camp played an important role in that process. The aim of this paper is to make a chronological review through the evidences of camps that can be found in Egypt and in the ancient Near Eastern civilizations. Since the only pictorical sources are preserved in Egypt and Assyria, this paper will focus on the reliefs of the battle of Kadesh and, on Shalmaneser III and Sennacherib᾿s Neo-Assyrian camps.
The first Ramessides, and after the Amarna period, return to an artistic orthodoxy started by their predecessors, and it is under the reign of Sethos I when they carry out the work that competes with the best works of the eighteenth dynasty. The typical characteristics of the time of Amenhotep IV completely disappear, and new ones, such as the stooped posture of the monarch face to the gods, or the use of certain types of old military wigs as royal headgear, appear. All these survivals and innovations show an art that reaches a high degree of maturity and delicacy, elevating its works to the best of the New Kingdom.
This paper focuses on the analysis of some examples of the various texts and epigraphs, now lost but which we can track the existence and characteristics through the combination of the testimonies of the classic sources, epigraphic and archaeological sources; comparing with other parallel Mediterranean and Phoenician tradition itself and trying less worked areas such as location or brackets that allow better frame them written in the Punic culture and improve our overall understanding of it.
In this paper we propose reflecting on the logic of Greek myth. Does the myth have “its own logic” or is it a story created with a moralistic or didactic purpose? Was it treated as part of the Greek παιδεία and later used by the Roman culture to instruct their citizens, or their stoires and development respond to a combination of links between cultural elements and the society that created them? In the following lines we will attempt to reveal the functioning of myth and to prove if its elements respond to a logical assembly. To that end, we will use the structural analysis of Lévi-Strauss applied to the stories of Atalanta and Oedipus, and confronted with mythical readings of other authors.
The Messenians had an own identity associated with their polis but just after the independence of Messenia in the 4th century B.C. In previous centuries the Messenian ethnicity is developed because of various elements that promote it. Spartans traditions regarding the Messenians play an important role in the creation of a Messenian identity because the Spartans identified the Messenians as an element of otherness, sometimes identifying them with helots and sometimes as the enemy. Also, the exiled Messenians in Naupakthos and Regio were essential in constructing ethnic traditions from the outside and, along with those of Naupaktos, Athens used ethnicity as a way to encourage anti-Spartan propaganda during the Peloponnesian War. I also propose that Messenia could be an ethnos before the Spartan conquest.
Monumental tombs in Thrace present a great architectural variety of solutions regarding to their plans and different types of covering. It is possible to distinguish two main groups of tombs: those which have a rectangular burial chamber and are mainly covered by a flat roof or a vault, usually fake or semi-cylindrical; and those which have circular chambers and in height become dome-shaped constructions. Almost all of the examples are provided with a dromos and one or more antechambers. Those usually follow the line track of the dromos and the main chamber, but interesting exceptions exist, too. The study of the architecture of Thracian tombs could provide significant hypothesis about local development for some constructive elements and external influences for others.
The identification of the iconographical elements in the tetradrachms from the settlement of Zancle-Messana since the Anaxilas` tyranny has provoked a wide debate since its knowledge because of being unique elements for the period when they were mint, considering that the iconographical type of the hare has not appeared depicted on coins beyond the borders of Zancle-Messana and Regio, remaining in the area of Messina´s strait. In order to proceed to their analysis and identification I will begin with a study of the obverse´s image, the mule-car, and I will continue with the reverse´s image, the hare, to observe how both types bring us to a common denominator element, the Greek god Apollo.
This paper aims to present a preview of our documentary, historiographic, bibliographic and material revision work about the archaeological site of El Macalón (Nerpio, Albacete). With this analysis, through the inventory and cataloging of the site's collection we try to offer new data (most of it unpublished so far) upon which the future research on this settlement and the region of the Sierra del Segura (a nearly untouched area on a scientific level) will be based. We also offer a temporary revaluation proposal of the cultural phases of this settlement, which starts with a brief material characterization of its repertoires, especially about those concerning the initial time of the site and bearing in mind recent research advances in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula such as those in the sites of Peña Negra, Los Villares Caudete or Puig de Alcoy, among others
This paper discusses the different levels or degrees of significance that geometric and abstract signs have in pottery decoration of Iberian Culture. To do this we consider that the geometric decoration, on the same level as the figurative decorativon, uses a coded language that can be decoded through a comprehensive analysis of ceramics. The symbolism of pottery decoration explains the establishment of identity programs based on image.
This paper will try to show how, following the most recent publications on hillfort sculptoric typology of the Galaico-Lusitanian warriors, it is possible to use this particular manifestation to achieve an improvement in our knowledge of the religion of prerroman Northwestern Iberian Peninsula. To accomplish that, I propose to dig in the interpretative framework already proposed in previous works which understood the warrior sculptures as social manifestations with active agency, in charge of the construction and dynamic redefinition of power relationships in the core of the community life and, therefore, in the expression of its identities. Taking into account these presuppositions, it will be explained that, at the same time, these sculptures constitute a figure of remembrance involved in the ritual coherence of the community; in such a way that they could be a key to achieve a more reliable knowledge of the religiosity of the hillfort culture, through new methodologies and theories.
The aim of this paper is to study banditry in the ancient Hispania in the context of the Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. Passages of classic sources as well as published bibliography until nowadays will be analyzed in order to determine the implications of the concept “bandit” in ancient authors. It will also establish the relationship between the use of this concept and the acts of revolt in different territories of Hispania.
ABSTRACT:
Essay about the society of the archaeological site of Monte Cildá (Palencia, Spain), identified by us with the ciuitas Maggauiensium, taking into account the epigraphy located in the wall of the place, as part of a general study of the implementation of “the system of the ciuitas” in the Submeseta Norte. The article seeks to highlight the discussion of the application of the concepts “romanization” and “latinization” in places as provincial as this remote town in the conuentus Cluniensis. Moreover, the article discusses the roman influence in religious practices
The main objective of this paper is to develop a preliminary analysis of the Roman city’s forum of Los Bañales (Uncastillo, Zaragoza), an unnamed town belonging to conuentus Caesaraugustanus in the Tarraconense province. A study of the whole plant and an epigraphic, sculptural and architectural decoration analysis is performed. Noteworthy are its small dimensions -being one of the smallest fora of Hispania- a porticus duplex, many enclosures for self-representation of the local elite and two cryptoporticus which are used as an architectural solution to the large differences in elevation from where the public square is located.
The deposit studied in this investigation was located, without countless discussions about his controversial location in the Cerro El Casar, in Utrera (Seville) and its importance must be at the historiographical sources and materials that have been reinterpreted resulting the amazing finding of the location of the roman settlement in the vicinity of oppidum, that a continue we will describe and show the elements that led us to this.
El principal objetivo de la investigación es el análisis del ideal de optimus princeps en la Historia Augusta de Vida Antonini Pii, a través del estudio del significado de los adjetivos -sanctus, gravis - y los sustantivos - clementia, civilitas, piedas – y a través excursus diacrónica y la comparación con la griega correspondiente. Se verificará la coincidencia entre la imagen codificada de la tradición literaria y Realien de la vida política e institucional.
The primary objective of the work is the analysis of the ideal of Optimus princeps in the Historia Augusta from Life Antonini Pii, through the semantics interpretation of adjectives -sanctus, gravis - and nouns - clementia, civilitas, pietas – and through diachronic excursus and comparison with the corresponding Greek concepts. We will verify the coincidence between the image encoded by the literary tradition and the Realien of the political and institutional life.
Between the second half of the second century and from the fourth century, Patristic Literature presented as antichristian pursuers to most of the "bad emperors" who were presented by the Latin and Greek historians. Paul Orosius, in the seventh book from his Historiae Adversus Paganos (and unlike other Christian authors) not merely set the reigns of the "bad and persecutors" emperors. He could distributed the emperors in alternative categories. This communication would aim to show and explain the particular historical retrospective with apologetic purposes from Paulo Orosius and as this would significantly influenced on the image of the emperors to distinguish three categories: the "bad and persecutors" emperors (Nero, Domitian and Maximinus Thrax); the "bad" emperors and "not persecutors" (Caligula, Commodus, Caracalla, Elagabalus) and, finally, the emperors "persecutors" that would not have been viewed as "bad" by others ancient authors (Trajan, Septimius...).
With Constantine´s rise to power, his victory at the Milvian Bridge against Maxentius (312 A.D.) and the end of persecutions of Christians, the generalization of the motif that we present took place, the chrismon. Therefore, the emperor will use the salvific symbol that gave him the victory as a personal and dynastic emblem, minting it in his coins and placing it in his imperial mansions. After Constantine´s death, his sons and heirs will utilize the chrismon as a means of dynastic legitimation, also minting in their coins. Thus, this article aims to analyze the use of chrismon by Constantine as a new symbol of imperial power through his coins which has its continuation in the coinage of his sons, especially Constantius II, becoming a symbol of the Constantinian dynasty.
En este trabajo deconstruiré la imagen que presenta Eliade sobre el orfismo. Primeramente veremos cómo el historiador parte del binarismo que ha moldeado la metafísica de Occidente durante siglos, a continuación trabajaré en los aspectos del mito de Orfeo que da en su lectura observando si se da una interpretación sesgada de ellos a los lectores. En la tercera parte, realizaré una operación similar pero con las creencias y preceptos de la vida órfica, para terminar revisando los rastros de religiocentrismo que pueden verse en el texto y que podrían generar una visión distorsionada del movimiento órfico y de la figura del bardo Orfeo.
Dentro de esta configuración se establecerá el propio calendario romano, con el fuerte peso de las festividades religiosas como antaño, pero convirtiendo al emperador en eje central del mismo; desde la celebración de su cumpleaños o su ascenso al poder, hasta la divinización de la figura imperial a través de su funeral, pasando por el entroncamiento del emperador con determinadas festividades locales y ancestrales, gracias al beneplácito de determinadas élites de la capital y las provincias. Unido a ello encontraremos el peso que tendrán el culto a los antepasados del propio regente, en una copia a nivel estatal del modelo arcaico de culto doméstico.
carentes de una relación entre sí ante la falta de una iniciativa científica que los ponga en común. La heterogeneidad bibliográfica de la que parten los estudios sobre esta región desde los años 70 del pasado siglo, nos ha llevado a plantear en este proyecto la necesidad de realizar una nueva lectura del paisaje a partir de la cual confeccionar un nuevo patrón de ocupación acorde a nuestra región de estudio, para, a partir del mismo, realizar investigaciones que nos ayuden a esclarecer el proceso mediante el cual se produce la difusión y asimilación de "préstamos culturales" entre el núcleo tartésico por excelencia, el Valle del Guadalquivir, y su tradicional periferia, el Valle medio del Guadiana, a lo largo de la I Edad del Hierro.