Lara Kauss

The main purpose of the paper is to find the "geopolitical" in the selected, European populist parties' political programs that we have analysed here, with a specific focus on Neo-Malthusianism and "invasion threat" scenarios, described in R. D. Kaplan's famous paper The Coming Anarchy: Shattering the Dreams of the Post-Cold War (1994). Indulged by the rising tide of right-wing populist parties in most European countries, which has especially been visible since the full scale of the migrant crisis that exploded in 2015, we decided to find the similarities between the excerpts of the programs that refer to the situation in Northern Africa and Central Africa (Sahel), and Kaplan's afore-mentioned paper, which has been mostly regarded as Neo-Malthusianist by its character and increasingly defensive by its posture, hence it introduces the birth rates of African countries and the projections about the population increase in the coming decades as a threat to the developed world and a fuel to the illegal, primarily towards Europe-oriented migration, combined with chaos, poverty and anarchy in the societies of the African Sahel, concomitantly combining these with the recommendation for the "defence" of the developed world against the rising tide of illegal migrants, infectious diseases etc. To these dangers, from today's perspective, we could add radical Islamist terrorism, which has widely spread geographically and increased its intensity in the last two decades, and perfectly fits into "endangerment" scenarios, enabling a widespread geopolitical discourse and practice of securitization. A logical question also comes up: Did Kaplan's famous work inspire the rise of the modern right-with populism in Europe (and in the U.S.A., Brasil etc.) fuelled by Neo-Malthusianism which he advocates, and are the conditions in Africa and the Middle East to partially blame for that? We have analysed the Alternative for Germany (die Alternative für

Portuguese Version of  "The Rhetoric on Illegal Migration of Centre-right Parties and Right-wing Populist Parties in “Old” and “New” EU Member States: A Content Analysis of Leaders’ Speeches
Authors : Peter Kurecic &Petra Kuhar

Resumo: O objetivo da retórica é convencer o interlocutor e encorajá-lo a mudar suas atitudes, usar a argumentação lógica, colocar o ouvinte em foco e exigir a responsabilidade moral e a sinceridade do falante. A análise da retórica dos líderes que mantêm a questão da migração muito alta em sua agenda é realizada através da análise de suas declarações. Enquanto a retórica dos líderes dos partidos de centro-direita parece diferir dependendo de seu país de origem e afiliações regionais, os populistas de direita parecem falar com uma voz mais uniforme.

Translation in Portuguese
Radical right populism
Authors: Jasper Muis e Tim Immerzeel
VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Originally published in English


Este artigo analisa três vertentes da bolsa de estudos sobre a direita radical populista (PRR) na Europa Ocidental. Primeiro, ele avalia explicações de oportunidades políticas para as fortunas do PRR. Segundo,discute abordagens internas do lado da oferta, referindo-se a liderança, organização e posicionamento ideológico. Terceiro, a pesquisa sobre as consequências da ascensão desses partidos e movimentos é examinada: eles constituem uma correção ou ameaça à democracia? A revisão termina com orientações futuras para teorizar e pesquisar.

A extrema direita na Europa é uma família de partidos políticos espontaneamente afiliados, centrados no nativismo, no populismo e no autoritarismo (Mudde, 2007). Uma definição central, no entanto, está faltando.

Versão em Português do Artigo:
Are the terms extreme right, far-right, radical right and populist right interchangeable? Sean D Haley

In no other period of history have so many people emerged from extreme poverty and gained access to goods and food as in the last 40 years. But as millions leave poverty, especially in Asia, at the other end the rich get richer and richer. Already the middle class - the 40% "middle" - is being squeezed between the poorest 50% and the richest 10%.
Responding to the loss of status, especially in the West, where 85% of the high-income population is concentrated, the middle class is increasingly turning to populist leaders who promise to bring the past back with radical speeches and simple solutions.
Rulers thus came to power or reelected in countries such as the USA, Russia, Italy, India, Poland, the Philippines, Brazil, Turkey and Hungary.
France, Germany, Spain and Sweden saw leaders of this spectrum grow, the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union and the right advanced in the European Parliament.
Other symptoms of precarious middle class would be hostility to immigration, protectionism and doubts about the usefulness of multilateral organs.
With income in emerging economies approaching that of rich nations and internal inequality in rising countries, the world returns to the late 19th century, when the rise of nationalism and populism led to 20th-century conflicts.
For experts, without multilateral solutions to inequality on the horizon, liberal democracies and global growth will remain threatened.
For experts, without multilateral solutions to inequality on the horizon, liberal democracies and global growth will remain threatened.

Authors : Fernando Canzian and  Rodrigo Borges Delfim
Folha de São Paulo ( Brazilian Magazine & Newspaper)
English Version: Lara Kauss
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NyuxGvSyJvQ

The present work deals with the criminal responsibility of the legal entity in Brazil, making an analysis referring to its trajectory in jurisprudence, mainly as regards the system of double imputation.

Original Article: https://ruidera.uclm.es/xmlui/handle/10578/24740

Author: Matheus Borges Kauss Vellasco

Nas Raízes da Identidade Italiana
Autor : Marco Torresin
Versão em Língua Portuguesa: Lara Kauss
O objetivo deste artigo é investigar as razões desta situação particular, tentando mostrar como muitas diferenças e problemas da sociedade italiana continuaram a existir sem qualquer mudança durante os 150 anos da unidade italiana.

"Ur - Fascism is still around us, sometimes in plainclothes. It would be so much easier, for us, if there appeared on the world scene somebody saying, "I want to reopen Auschwitz, I want the Black Shirts to parade again in the Italian squares." Life is not that simple. Ur -Fascism can come back under the most innocent of disguises. Our duty is to uncover it and to point our finger at any of its new instances – every day, in every part of the world. Franklin Roosevelt's words of November 4, 1938, are worth recalling:
"I venture the challenging statement that if American democracy ceases
to move forward as a living force, seeking day and night by peaceful
means to better a lot of our citizens, fascism will grow in strength in our
land."

Portuguese Version : Lara Kauss

More likely, and despite increasingly worrisome headlines, 2019 is poised to be a reasonably good year. Even, dare we say it, not a particularly politically risky year. But we’re setting ourselves up for trouble down the road. Big trouble. And that’s our top risk.

Original Article :https://www.eurasiagroup.net/files/upload/Top_Risks_2019_Report.pdf

Portiguese Version: Lara Kauss

The dispute between Capitalism, led by  United States, and Socialism, whose process of  expansion was coordinated by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), transformed the interior of the countries into battlefields.The pursuit of both to ensure the victory of his  political-economic model resulted in the multiplication of national conflicts with intense external interference and participation. Brazil was a centerpiece in the game between the two powers. Because it is the country of greatest influence in South America, its dominion could determine to which side they would hang the other republics located there. Thus, the Brazilian soil became the stage  of the confrontations of a world at war, and the clashes within his territory irrevocably altered the direction of his biography.

Henrique  Zingano e Mariana Goelzer
English Version: Lara Kauss

Recently the Minister of Justice and Public Security, Sergio Moro, presented a bill, entitled "Anticrimes Package", a document with 34 pages that proposes 19 amendments in sections of 14 different laws, edited between 1940 and 2018.

According to the minister, the intention is to further tighten the laws, acting in three strands: in the fight against corruption, organized crime and violent crimes. The document will be forwarded to the National Congress for review and approval.
English Version by Lara Kauss

Despite the uncertainty inherent in any economic scenario, the magnitude of the estimated potential effects of the (or not) approval of pension reform leaves no doubt as to the relevance of its approval for the future of Brazil.

The Secretariat of Economic Policy of the Special Secretariat of Finance presents in this information note an analysis of the effect of the approval of the Pension Reform on GDP growth.

ENGLISH VERSION : LARA KAUSS

Versão em Português da apresentação sobre necessidade das reformas econômicas no Brasil para recuperação do crescimento social e econômico no Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Casa das Garças, Rio de Janeiro em 14 de Março de 2019.

Autores :Antonio Spilimbergo & Krishna Srinivasan
Economistas do Staff do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI).

The man before the myth, Juan Guaidó and the future of Venezuela.
He is not just the face of the possibility of change. He is, above all, the leading figure of a new generation of politicians, who grew up during Chavismo and fought for a different Venezuela.
Author : Margarita Lopez Maya - Caracas
English Translation : Lara Kauss- Rio de Janeiro - Brazil

The analysis of populist rhetoric is part of personal academic work and research related to the revival of neopopulists democracies around the world. The 'post-truth era' where political marketing power relies fundamentally on the use of social media compromise the dialectical exercise of language which seems to seek an urgent redefinition. Vigorous discourses on the re-approaching of ancestral and deep questions of social and economic inequality in developing nations like the Brazilian Federative Republic deserve, even more, the reader's full attention.