- My researches target the elimination of hard work whereas developing useful techniques and arrangements for better wo... moreMy researches target the elimination of hard work whereas developing useful techniques and arrangements for better working. As a scientist, I search and diffuse shreds of evidences. As an engineer, I outline methods and techniques. Finally, as a citizen, I support public policies that reduce the vulnerability of social groups.edit
BACKGROUND: Most organizations perceive the concept of ergonomic actions as a local tool used to improve workplace issues. Ergonomics however is not included in global management systems. The paradigm of ergonomics action in large... more
BACKGROUND: Most organizations perceive the concept of ergonomic actions as a local tool used to improve workplace issues. Ergonomics however is not included in global management systems. The paradigm of ergonomics action in large organizations proposed by this study is that of management systems whose primary objective is the pressing need for continuous performance improvement, acquisition of excellence, and integration into all aspects of the business. OBJECTIVE: The general objective of this work is to draw a frame presenting a model of ergonomics management based on good practices in managing this discipline in large industrial companies. METHOD: In this study, we describe a strategy based on the fuzzy set theory to aggregate a group of good practices expressed by experienced ergonomists attached to large industrial companies for handling the lack of ergonomics in an organization. RESULTS: A set of good practices was compiled as a basis for application in ergonomics in large companies. CONCLUSION: This study shows that ergonomics should not be considered an isolated phenomenon but in a strategic, proactive, integrated, and perennial way as one of the management subjects.
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As COVID-19 spread across Brazil, it quickly reached remote regions including Amazon's ultra-peripheral locations where patient transportation through rivers is added to the list of obstacles to overcome. This article analyses the... more
As COVID-19 spread across Brazil, it quickly reached remote regions including Amazon's ultra-peripheral locations where patient transportation through rivers is added to the list of obstacles to overcome. This article analyses the pandemic's effects in the access of riverine communities to the prehospital emergency healthcare system in the Brazilian Upper Amazon River region. To do so, we present two studies that by using a Resilience Engineering approach aimed to predict the functioning of the Brazilian Mobile Emergency Medical Service (SAMU) for riverside and coastal areas during the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the normal system functioning. Study I, carried out before the pandemic, applied ethnographic methods for data collection and the Functional Resonance Analysis Method - FRAM for data analysis in order to develop a model of the mobile emergency care in the region during typical conditions of operation. Study II then estimated how changes in variability dynamics would alter system functioning during the pandemic, arriving at three trends that could lead the service to collapse. Finally, the accuracy of predictions is discussed after the pandemic first peaked in the region. Findings reveal that relatively small changes in variability dynamics can deliver strong implications to operating care and safety of expeditions aboard water ambulances. Also, important elements that add to the resilient capabilities of the system are extra-organizational, and thus during the pandemic safety became jeopardized as informal support networks grew fragile. Using FRAM for modelling regular operation enabled prospective scenario analysis that accurately predicted disruptions in providing emergency care to riverine population.
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BACKGROUND: To overcome the poor conditions of low-income areas in developing countries like Brazil, Community Health Workers (CHWs) are required to exceed the regular set of formal skills they are used to employ. OBJECTIVE: In this... more
BACKGROUND: To overcome the poor conditions of low-income areas in developing countries like Brazil, Community Health Workers (CHWs) are required to exceed the regular set of formal skills they are used to employ. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aim at identifying the non-technical skills CHWs must develop to cope with the extraordinary situations that occur in vulnerable communities. METHODS: 41 CHWs based in two primary healthcare clinics in Brazil underwent two rounds of in-depth interviews. The analysis was carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, resulting in the prioritization of social skills according to their calculated importance to house calls. RESULTS: Among the ten higher-scored skills, we find communication and advocacy skills being of high importance. Civility was found to be the most important attribute, confirming that community action relies strongly on the relationship between health professionals and the community. CONCLUSION: The results of our study contribute primarily to the improvement of community-based primary care programs as it helps to identify major skills required for community action.
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This proposal presents the Sociotechnical Construction of Risks, Ergonomics, and the two principles of the Proactive Approach to Safety, Risks, and Emergencies, the Structured Sociotechnical Approach and Dynamics of Proactive Safety... more
This proposal presents the Sociotechnical Construction of Risks, Ergonomics, and the two principles of the Proactive Approach to Safety, Risks, and Emergencies, the Structured Sociotechnical Approach and Dynamics of Proactive Safety intending to complement traditional risk assessments, and prevent and Mitigating Major and Fatal Negative Events, the in organizations such as cases of the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger, the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the Texas City Refinery and the explosion in the Port of Beirut, among others. To propose these two principles, case studies were developed at Fiocruz, and in organizations, sectors, and activities, a bibliographic review on theses, dissertations, reports from regulatory bodies, books, scientific articles, and media articles, on major and fatal negative events, and ergonomics, socio-technical approach, and resilience engineering. A tragedy prevention course was created, with four free online consultation modules, based on ca...
Research Interests: Ergonomics, Resilience Engineering, Risk, Safety, Safety Science, and 6 moreSwiss Cheese, STAMP, Fram, Safety II, Safety I, and accimap
The importance of costs in Ergonomics has been demonstrated through several studies over the last years. Generally the studies tend to be biased to financially justify the ergonomic intervention, using estimated initial data. This paper... more
The importance of costs in Ergonomics has been demonstrated through several studies over the last years. Generally the studies tend to be biased to financially justify the ergonomic intervention, using estimated initial data. This paper aims to demonstrate that there is a need for a new cost verification at the end of the intervention, in order to present the actual values to the top management of the company, making the technical report more complete and useful to the several company’s departments, and specifically the accounting and financial ones. The applied methodology was adapted from Lahiri et al. (2005) and Mafra (2004) in a case study in the food industry. The estimate presented by the team at the beginning of the work was R$ 30,380 but at the end it turned out amounting to R$ 36,479, an increase of 13%. This variation, in addition to being significant on its own, is relevant for several departments of the company, since it facilitates other decisions, as well as allowing the recognition of the values in the accounting and financial statements.
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Marta Ribeiro V. Macedo, Jules G. Slama, Mário César Vidal COPPE/UFRJ FIOCRUZ, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, DIRAC, Av. Brasil n 4365, Rio de Janeiro, BRASIL. Email:mribeiro@fiocruz.br PROARQ COPPE/UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia, Sala G210, Cidade... more
Marta Ribeiro V. Macedo, Jules G. Slama, Mário César Vidal COPPE/UFRJ FIOCRUZ, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, DIRAC, Av. Brasil n 4365, Rio de Janeiro, BRASIL. Email:mribeiro@fiocruz.br PROARQ COPPE/UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia, Sala G210, Cidade Universitária CEP 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro. BRASIL, Email: jules@rionet.com.br COPPE/UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia, Sala G207, Cidade Universitária CEP 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro. BRASIL, Email: vidal@pep.ufrj.br
O artigo apresenta o metodo EAMETA, acronimo derivado das categorias espaco, ambiente, mobiliario, equipamento, tarefa e atividade, em que repartimos uma situacao de trabalho para fins de coleta de dados de suporte a acao ergonomica. Esse... more
O artigo apresenta o metodo EAMETA, acronimo derivado das categorias espaco, ambiente, mobiliario, equipamento, tarefa e atividade, em que repartimos uma situacao de trabalho para fins de coleta de dados de suporte a acao ergonomica. Esse instrumento tem como objetivo proporcionar uma orientacao inicial do olhar do praticante de Ergonomia, quando colocado diante da variedade e diversidade dos constituintes das situacoes de trabalho. O metodo, essencialmente participativo e mobilizando recursos acessiveis de escuta e de registro de informacoes, se aplica a maioria das ocupacoes e tipos de tarefas. Sua suficiencia para a formulacao de diagnosticos, proposicao de melhorias e de vias de aprofundamento no estudo de situacoes de trabalho e coroada com a formatacao de um conjunto pertinente de exigencias aos trabalhadores alocados nas situacoes sob exame. Portanto EAMETA permite apontar os requisitos para a transformacao positiva da situacao estudada ou, minimamente, estabelecer uma aprec...
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This paper aims to show and to discuss some results of a large-time resarch upon the ergonomics problems of fishing in Cabo Frio, 200 km north far from Rio de Janeiro city. By working in a combined Ergonomic Action, Research-Action and... more
This paper aims to show and to discuss some results of a large-time resarch upon the ergonomics problems of fishing in Cabo Frio, 200 km north far from Rio de Janeiro city. By working in a combined Ergonomic Action, Research-Action and Design Methodology perspective, we've looked for establishing the requisites and restraints concerning fishing boat projects, focusing the aspect of habitableness in a sea ambience, because the fishing boat is the workplace in this environment, and that makes it different from boats related to charge or people sea transport.
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This poster deal with an university project joining Fluminense Federal University and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, that seeks the interactive action university/community, having as objective the construction of the... more
This poster deal with an university project joining Fluminense Federal University and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, that seeks the interactive action university/community, having as objective the construction of the knowledge of unexpected situations: the accidents with multiple victims. The present project is about the encounter of the opportunity of creation of a dialogue space between the university and public and private institutions to contribute with the planning of the activities of accident prevention and emergency rescue.
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The increase in size, automation and complexity of modern sociotechnical systems changed the dynamics of work environments and calls for new methodologies and metaphors towards safety of complex systems. Chemical, nuclear, and... more
The increase in size, automation and complexity of modern sociotechnical systems changed the dynamics of work environments and calls for new methodologies and metaphors towards safety of complex systems. Chemical, nuclear, and transportation (i.e. road, maritime, and aviation) industries are composed of various nested subsystems where smooth coordination and communication are essential features to achieve continuous and safe operations. Even though such subsystems exist since the industrial revolution, fewer studies have been conducted in these domains: to understand the work as it is done (rather than it is imagined), which is the only way to shed light about the variability in work performance and how these subsystems can combine to generate dangerous and unexpected outcomes. The theoretical framework of Distributed Situation Awareness provides a firm background to investigate the subsystems that constitute the chemical, nuclear, and maritime industries/domains. This paper unfolds...
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In the safe operation of nuclear power plants the performance of the control room crews plays an important role. In this respect, a well-designed control room and human-system interfaces (HSI) are crucial for safe and efficient operation... more
In the safe operation of nuclear power plants the performance of the control room crews plays an important role. In this respect, a well-designed control room and human-system interfaces (HSI) are crucial for safe and efficient operation of the plant. It is therefore essential that the design, development and evaluation of nuclear control rooms are conducted in a well-structured way, applying human factors principles, ergonomics requirements and guidelines in all phases. The aim of this paper is to propose a new methodology to evaluate nuclear power plant control rooms that includes the ergonomic approach, based on the operator activity analysis, together with human factors standards and guidelines already used. We describe a case study in which this methodology has been applied in a nuclear power plant control room. We show that the operator activity analysis uncovers a series of important safety related features in control room operation that are not detected by using the traditio...
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Maria Cristina Palmer Lima Zamberlsn lnstituto Nacicmal de Tecnologia Divisgo de Desenho industrial Av. Venezuela 82 Sala 311~20081-310 -Rio de JaneiroRJ Fax 021 2061099 Email: Inariazain~~int.L1ov.b~ Mario Cesar Vidal Grupo de Ergonomia... more
Maria Cristina Palmer Lima Zamberlsn lnstituto Nacicmal de Tecnologia Divisgo de Desenho industrial Av. Venezuela 82 Sala 311~20081-310 -Rio de JaneiroRJ Fax 021 2061099 Email: Inariazain~~int.L1ov.b~ Mario Cesar Vidal Grupo de Ergonomia e Novas Tecnologias / Programa de Engenharia de Produ@o Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Fax 021.290.66.26 Email: V&l@ PEP.UFRJ.BR Ven&ia Santoa ERGON Projetos de Ergnnomia e Design Ltda Av. das Am&icas 1155Sala 501Barra da Tijuca 2263 l-000 Rio de Janeiro RJ Email Site:www.ergon projetos.com.br
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Radiopharmaceuticals are radiation-emitting substances used in medicine for radiotherapy and imaging diagnosis. A Research Institute, located in Rio de Janeiro, produces three radiopharmaceuticals: the sodium iodate is used in the... more
Radiopharmaceuticals are radiation-emitting substances used in medicine for radiotherapy and imaging diagnosis. A Research Institute, located in Rio de Janeiro, produces three radiopharmaceuticals: the sodium iodate is used in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunctions, the meta-iodo-benzylguanidine is used in the diagnosis of cardiac diseases, and the fluordesoxyglucose is used in diagnosis in cardiology, oncology, neurology and neuropsychiatry. This paper presents a leading safety performance indicators framework to assess the resilience of radiopharmaceuticals production processes. The organizations that use resilience indicators will be able to proactively evaluate and manage safety.
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The Most of methods to assess resilience cannot fully solve the subjectivity of resilience evaluation. In order to remedy this deficiency, the aim of this research is to adopt a Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) approach to establish a method for... more
The Most of methods to assess resilience cannot fully solve the subjectivity of resilience evaluation. In order to remedy this deficiency, the aim of this research is to adopt a Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) approach to establish a method for resilience assessment in organizations based on leading safety performance indicators, defined according to the resilience engineering principles. The method uses FST concepts and properties to model the indicators and to assess the results of their application. To exemplify the method we performed an exploratory study at the radiopharmaceuticals dispatch package sector of a radiopharmaceuticals production facility.
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A matriz de Priorização tem sido uma das ferramentas mais frequentes para auxiliar nas tomadas de decisões relacionadas a projetos. Por sua vez, as ações ergonômicas resultam em múltiplas necessidades de enquadramento, sendo algumas delas... more
A matriz de Priorização tem sido uma das ferramentas mais frequentes para auxiliar nas tomadas de decisões relacionadas a projetos. Por sua vez, as ações ergonômicas resultam em múltiplas necessidades de enquadramento, sendo algumas delas mais urgentes e necessárias, ou ainda outras complexas, que exijam ações de engenharia e, portanto, tendem a demorar a serem implementadas. Assim, matrizes de priorização possibilitariam eleger, por critérios diferenciados, os fatores de riscos e a urgência de cada problema que demanda uma determinada ação. A Matriz SIC/Fuzzy é uma evolução da Matriz de Priorização SIC ®, ferramenta desenvolvida pelo laboratório GENTE/Fuzzy da UFRJ. Ela relaciona os itens a serem analisados por critérios de saúde e segurança ocupacional, sendo utilizada no processo de tomada de decisão em ergonomia. O índice “SIC” permite, portanto, determinar o grau de gravidade ocupacional de cada posto de trabalho. A apropriação da Lógica Fuzzy à ferramenta original incorpora va...
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This study explored how to inform the design of information systems for medication therapy management, in the context of the southwestern Ontario health system. The data collection comprised document analysis, interviews, and process... more
This study explored how to inform the design of information systems for medication therapy management, in the context of the southwestern Ontario health system. The data collection comprised document analysis, interviews, and process mapping, and the analysis of previous interview records. The Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) was used for data analysis to identify the effects of functional variability in system outcomes, and to propose ways to redesign future systems. The results from the FRAM showed that shortcomings in the information systems require users to adapt in many ways. While these adjustments are essential to delivering care in everyday practice, they may lose their effectiveness in the face of specific situations, creating brittleness and risk of adverse outcomes as users are led to make challenging decisions.
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This literature review covers original journal papers published between 2011 and 2015. These papers review the current status of research on the application of human factors and ergonomics in risk assessment systems' design to cope... more
This literature review covers original journal papers published between 2011 and 2015. These papers review the current status of research on the application of human factors and ergonomics in risk assessment systems' design to cope with the complexity, singularity, and danger in patient triage in primary health care. This paper presents a systematic literature review that aims to identify, analyze, and interpret the application of available evidence from human factors and ergonomics to the design of tools, devices, and work processes to support risk assessment in the context of health care. Electronic search was performed on 7 bibliographic databases of health sciences, engineering, and computer sciences disciplines. The quality and suitability of primary studies were evaluated, and selected papers were classified according to 4 classes of outcomes. A total of 1845 papers were retrieved by the initial search, culminating in 16 selected for data extraction after the application o...
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In this paper, we study the importance of a consistent description of real work in patient risk assessment in the primary healthcare domain. Through a case study in the context of primary health care, we address the research problem of... more
In this paper, we study the importance of a consistent description of real work in patient risk assessment in the primary healthcare domain. Through a case study in the context of primary health care, we address the research problem of finding ways to build consistent real work descriptions of the patient risk assessment system in the primary healthcare domain, in order to foster the design of improved work situations and support devices. This is a qualitative field study based on ethnographic observation and semi-structured interviews carried out among professionals involved in the risk assessment process in a primary healthcare facility. The objects of ergonomic work analysis were work places and work situations with focus on human activity, as well as surrounding aspects. The analysis identified elements in the work domain with high cognitive demand and operations that could increase mental workload, providing elements for the earlier stages of the design of work situations and support devices to improve the risk assessment in primary health care. This paper shows the usefulness of real work descriptions in the design for complex situations like the risk assessment in health care, as well the impact of poor descriptions in generating harmful situations for both the patient and healthcare practitioners in the explored domain.
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Information technology (IT) systems are known to promote improvements in quality and productivity of the work environments of complex and adaptive socio-technical systems that span hardware, community and software aspects. Systems... more
Information technology (IT) systems are known to promote improvements in quality and productivity of the work environments of complex and adaptive socio-technical systems that span hardware, community and software aspects. Systems development lies in eliciting and specifying requirements. However, current requirements of elicitation techniques are limited to correctly understanding the complexity involved in socio-technical systems. Therefore, approaches based on Resilience Engineering can provide concepts and methods for a better understanding of socio-technical systems’ functioning. This study aims to increase the application of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) in the requirements elicitation process. Specifically, understanding variability and its role in enhancing the requirements elicitation and specification process for the design/redesign of IT systems in complex socio-technical systems deployed in building maintenance is the main goal. This study proposes the ...
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Descripcion del accidente de Seveso, Italia, explosion de un reactor TCP (2,4,5-ticlorofenol) en la unidad B de la planta industrial ICMESA situada en la periferia de Meda en Italia. Una nube toxica conteniendo... more
Descripcion del accidente de Seveso, Italia, explosion de un reactor TCP (2,4,5-ticlorofenol) en la unidad B de la planta industrial ICMESA situada en la periferia de Meda en Italia. Una nube toxica conteniendo 2,3,3,7,8-tetracolodibenceno-D-dioxina, una de las sustancias quimicas mas toxicas producidas por el hombre, la cual fue accidentalmente emitida al medio ambiente, contaminando seriamente un area densamente poblada 6 kilometros mas alla del punto del accidente de acuerdo con la direccion de los vientos. Las poblaciones involucradas en el accidente fueron Seveso (17 habitantes), Meda (19 habitantes), Desio (33 habitantes) y Cesano, Moderno (34 habitantes). Presenta ademas las consecuencias y cronologia del accidente
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Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender a trajetória de constituição da proposta de acolhimento com classificação de risco na dinâmica da rede de saúde. É um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre a organização das redes de atenção à... more
Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender a trajetória de constituição da proposta de acolhimento com classificação de risco na dinâmica da rede de saúde. É um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre a organização das redes de atenção à saúde. O presente enfoque foi produzido a partir de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento de Fortaleza, Ceará, mediante utilização das técnicas da observação flutuante e entrevista semiestruturada com profissionais e usuários do serviço; procede, também, de exame de fontes documentais referentes ao tema. Aponta, ainda, que os protocolos previstos pelo Ministério da Saúde foram implantados. Entretanto, conclui que a ideia de acolhimento trazida inicialmente pela Política Nacional de Humanização é modificada em função das práticas gerenciais que dominam a organização dos serviços de saúde no país.Palavras-chave: Política de Saúde. Sistema Único de Saúde. Redes de Urgência e Emergência. Acolhimento com Classificação de Risco.
Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal discutir o paradigma do aprendizado escolar formal ocorrer basicamente na posição sentada, considerando atitude crítica porque a postura sentada é extremamente danosa à saúde da coluna vertebral,... more
Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal discutir o paradigma do aprendizado escolar formal ocorrer basicamente na posição sentada, considerando atitude crítica porque a postura sentada é extremamente danosa à saúde da coluna vertebral, induz a comportamentos posturais e gera hábitos danosos que se propagam para a vida adulta. É um estudo descritivo acerca da manutenção da postura sentada em crianças escolares, os resultados demonstram a necessidade de treinar os professores e que a manutenção da postura sentada por longos períodos produz fadiga muscular no aluno. É conclusiva a necessidade de ampliar as aulas de educação física e mudar o paradigma didático da educação.Palavras-chave: postura, prevenção e controle, saúde escolar, ergonomia.
... We should also mention the Organization, Design and Management (ODAM), specially in recent ergonomics co ... SAVOYANT (1984) mentioned an inter-individual coordination in electrical network maintenance teams, and LOUCHOUARNE ...... more
... We should also mention the Organization, Design and Management (ODAM), specially in recent ergonomics co ... SAVOYANT (1984) mentioned an inter-individual coordination in electrical network maintenance teams, and LOUCHOUARNE ... Journal of Clinical Engineering, vol. ...