oladimeji adebayo
University College Hospital, Ibadan, Department of Medicine, Department Member
- Cardiologist and Cardiovascular Medicine Researcheredit
BACKGROUND: Sleep breathing disorders (SDB), especially obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), are poorly studied in the young population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA and its associated risk factors among young persons.... more
BACKGROUND: Sleep breathing disorders (SDB), especially
obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), are poorly studied in the young
population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA and its
associated risk factors among young persons.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used, and participants
aged 16-35 years were recruited from five tertiary institutions in Ibadan,
South Western, Nigeria. The study used a structured questionnaire,
stadiometer, weighing scale, tape measure, and digital blood pressure
machine to collect data. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9),
Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7), and Pittsburgh sleep quality
index (PSQI) were used to assess depression, anxiety, and sleep quality
respectively. To assess the risk of OSA, we used both the STOP-Bang
questionnaire and the NOSAS score. The Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences version 23 was used to analyse the data, and statistical
significance was set at <0.05.
RESULTS: A total of 354 participants were included in this report with a
mean age of 21.2±3.5 years. The female: male ratio was 1.9:1. The mean
±standard deviation of PSQI, GAD-7 score and PHQ-9 were 2.2±1.1,
12.4±5.1 and 15.0±5.4 respectively. The following percentages of
participants were found to be at low, intermediate, and high risk for OSA:
94.1%, 5.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. This study showed that age and
GAD-7 score were independently associated with the PSQI score while
age, body mass index, neck cuff size and PHQ-9 score for OSA score.
CONCLUSION: There is a burden of OSA among this population of
young people; and modifying anthropometric and psychosocial factors
can help mitigate the risk of OSA outcomes.
obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), are poorly studied in the young
population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA and its
associated risk factors among young persons.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used, and participants
aged 16-35 years were recruited from five tertiary institutions in Ibadan,
South Western, Nigeria. The study used a structured questionnaire,
stadiometer, weighing scale, tape measure, and digital blood pressure
machine to collect data. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9),
Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7), and Pittsburgh sleep quality
index (PSQI) were used to assess depression, anxiety, and sleep quality
respectively. To assess the risk of OSA, we used both the STOP-Bang
questionnaire and the NOSAS score. The Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences version 23 was used to analyse the data, and statistical
significance was set at <0.05.
RESULTS: A total of 354 participants were included in this report with a
mean age of 21.2±3.5 years. The female: male ratio was 1.9:1. The mean
±standard deviation of PSQI, GAD-7 score and PHQ-9 were 2.2±1.1,
12.4±5.1 and 15.0±5.4 respectively. The following percentages of
participants were found to be at low, intermediate, and high risk for OSA:
94.1%, 5.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. This study showed that age and
GAD-7 score were independently associated with the PSQI score while
age, body mass index, neck cuff size and PHQ-9 score for OSA score.
CONCLUSION: There is a burden of OSA among this population of
young people; and modifying anthropometric and psychosocial factors
can help mitigate the risk of OSA outcomes.
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blood pressure, anaemia, and renal dysfunction, signs of cerebral hypo-perfusion, low serum sodium, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary oedema. 8 There is a direct relationship between renal function and AHF outcomes,... more
blood pressure, anaemia, and renal dysfunction, signs of cerebral hypo-perfusion, low serum sodium, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary oedema. 8 There is a direct relationship between renal function and AHF outcomes, whether in the short or long term. 5, 6 Although most AHF studies were conducted in nonblack African populations, the first multinational study on the subject in Africa identified only few factors as predictors. 7 In one study in Northern Nigeria, the identified risk factors included low left ventricular ejection fraction (VEF) (<40%), renal impairment, cardiac rhythm abnormalities such as atrial fibrillation (AF) at six months, prolonged corrected QT interval (QTC) and complete left bundle branch block (LBBB), anaemia and advanced age. 9, 10 While lower body mass index, low literacy, low serum sodium level, the presence of atrial fibrillation, renal dysfunction, and valvular dysfunction were predictors of readmission ABSTRACT Background: Studies of acute heart failure (AHF) outcomes suggest that there are different predictors of mortality depending on region, ethnicity, and gender. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of six months' post discharge outcome among AHF patients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Methods and Materials: This study was a prospective observational study conducted at the cardiology unit of the Department of Medicine at the University College Hospital Ibadan. One hundred and sixty AHF participants > 18 years old were recruited. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 58.0±15.1 years and most were males (59.4%). The independent predictors for death outcome after six months of discharge for AHF and the adjusted hazard ratio) (95% CI) were male gender 2.77 (1.17-6.56); p = 0.020; systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 0.98 (0.96-0.99); p = 0.011; and the presence of hepatomegaly 2.58 (1.02-6.51); p = 0.045. Independent predictors for readmission or rehospitalization within 6 months after discharge were presence of right abdominal pain adjusted HR (95% CI): 2.07(1.14-3.76), p=0.017; SBP 0.98(0.96-0.99), p= 0.005. Independent predictors for composite endpoint were male gender: adjusted HR: 2.08 (1.16-3.72), p= 0.014 and pericardial effusion and tamponade: 5.31(1.79-15.74), p=0.003. Conclusion: The study provided an insight into the factors contributing to outcomes six-month after admission in a tertiary centre in SouthWestern Nigeria, and it highlighted the predictive role of systolic blood pressure.
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BACKGROUND: The burden of acute heart failure (AHF) is on the increase globally however, there are few studies on AHF in Nigeria and among black populations. OBJECTIVE: This study described the clinical profile, conventional management... more
BACKGROUND: The burden of acute heart failure (AHF) is on the
increase globally however, there are few studies on AHF in Nigeria
and among black populations.
OBJECTIVE: This study described the clinical profile, conventional
management and six-months outcome after discharge of patients
admitted for acute heart failure at the University College Hospital,
Ibadan, Nigeria.
METHODS: The study was a prospective study of 160 consecutive
AHF patients. Socio-demographic details, clinical history, basic
laboratory parameters electrocardiographic and echocardiographic
parameters were assessed. They were followed-up for six-months
after discharge to ascertain death or readmission.
RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of all the patients
was 58.0 ±15.1 years. Those aged 60 years and above constituted
about half of the participants. Males comprised 59.3% and
hypertension was the most common risk factor (77.5%). One hundred
and thirty-four subjects (83.8%) were in New York Heart Association
functional classes III or IV. The most common AHF type was heart
failure with reduced ejection fraction and mostly presented de novo.
The median duration of admission was 11 days while intrahospital
mortalityand mortality at 6 months after discharge were 6.3%
and 25.6%respectively.
CONCLUSION: This study provided a real-world data of AHF at
UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. It showed AHF was predominantly associated
with hypertension. There was high mortality among these AHF
subjects. There is a need for more strategy in our environment for
preventing AHF and its adverse outcomes.
increase globally however, there are few studies on AHF in Nigeria
and among black populations.
OBJECTIVE: This study described the clinical profile, conventional
management and six-months outcome after discharge of patients
admitted for acute heart failure at the University College Hospital,
Ibadan, Nigeria.
METHODS: The study was a prospective study of 160 consecutive
AHF patients. Socio-demographic details, clinical history, basic
laboratory parameters electrocardiographic and echocardiographic
parameters were assessed. They were followed-up for six-months
after discharge to ascertain death or readmission.
RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of all the patients
was 58.0 ±15.1 years. Those aged 60 years and above constituted
about half of the participants. Males comprised 59.3% and
hypertension was the most common risk factor (77.5%). One hundred
and thirty-four subjects (83.8%) were in New York Heart Association
functional classes III or IV. The most common AHF type was heart
failure with reduced ejection fraction and mostly presented de novo.
The median duration of admission was 11 days while intrahospital
mortalityand mortality at 6 months after discharge were 6.3%
and 25.6%respectively.
CONCLUSION: This study provided a real-world data of AHF at
UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. It showed AHF was predominantly associated
with hypertension. There was high mortality among these AHF
subjects. There is a need for more strategy in our environment for
preventing AHF and its adverse outcomes.
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INTRODUCTION : Cholera is a serious Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC). The recurrence of outbreaks depicts lack of appropriate control and prevention, thereby contributing to high morbidity, mortality and... more
INTRODUCTION : Cholera is a serious Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC). The recurrence of outbreaks depicts lack of appropriate control and prevention, thereby contributing to high morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic burden. The clinical setting, aside from treatment of the infected, plays a big role in the ultimate prevention and control of the disease. AIM : This article highlights the necessary prevention and control practices in low-resource clinical settings. METHODOLOGY : We extracted relevant articles from various databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and African Journal Online(AJOL) and summarized them. RESULT : Cholera caused by the organism, Vibrio cholera is of great global burden and majority of cases are in poor and low resource setting like Nigeria, where there are challenges with water supply and sanitation. The key preventative and control strategy in clinical setting include clinical and administrative policy toward cholera prevention and control, rapid case identification, compliance with Standard Precaution, adoption of Transmission Based Precautions for patient isolation, contact tracing and treatment, effective case referral system, cholera education and enlightenment of health workers and the community. CONCLUSION : With the current wave of cholera in many countries, there is need for health practitioners to upgrade their skills in both clinical and infection prevention and control practices. KEYWORDS : Cholera, Nigeria, Clinical setting, Infectious disease, infection control.
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Erratum: Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (The Lancet (2018) 392(10...more
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Background The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk... more
Background The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose-response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020 for 21 regions, including 204 countries and territories, by 5-year age group, sex, and year for individuals aged 15-95 years and older from 1990 to 2020. Based on the NDE, we quantified the population consuming harmful amounts of alcohol. Findings The burden-weighted relative risk curves for alcohol use varied by region and age. Among individuals aged 15-39 years in 2020, the TMREL varied between 0 (95% uncertainty interval 0-0) and 0•603 (0•400-1•00) standard drinks per day, and the NDE varied between 0•002 (0-0) and 1•75 (0•698-4•30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals aged 40 years and older, the burden-weighted relative risk curve was J-shaped for all regions, with a 2020 TMREL that ranged from 0•114 (0-0•403) to 1•87 (0•500-3•30) standard drinks per day and an NDE that ranged between 0•193 (0-0•900) and 6•94 (3•40-8•30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals consuming harmful amounts of alcohol in 2020, 59•1% (54•3-65•4) were aged 15-39 years and 76•9% (73•0-81•3) were male. Interpretation There is strong evidence to support recommendations on alcohol consumption varying by age and location. Stronger interventions, particularly those tailored towards younger individuals, are needed to reduce the substantial global health loss attributable to alcohol. Funding Bill &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Background: Studies differ on which anthropometric measure of adiposity shows good correlation with cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of common epidemiological measures of adiposity as a correlate of... more
Background: Studies differ on which anthropometric measure of adiposity shows good correlation with cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of common epidemiological measures of adiposity as a correlate of elevated blood pressure in an African population. Methodology: The study was carried out between June 2009 and December 2011 at the medical out-patient department of a tertiary healthcare center in Nigeria. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI), waist to height ratio (WHtR), and waist circumference (WC). Results: A total of 1,416 Hypertensives comprising 1090 (77%) adult females recruited over two and half years. Women were significantly older (49.2±8.1 vs. 48.0±10.0 years, p=0.039) and shorter (1.6±6.3 vs 1.7±6.8 meters, p<0.0001) when compared with men. Blood pressure parameters were comparable between women and men. Approximately 1 out of 5 participants had good blood pressure contro...
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Research Interests: Business, Health Care, Global Health, Environmental Health, Population Health, and 15 moreGeneral Internal Medicine, Health insurance, Medicine, Population, Access, Care, Burden of Disease, Progress, Lancet, Health Inequalities and Public Policy, Elsevier, Global burden of disease, Gastos em Saúde, Cancer Survival, and Medical and Health Sciences
Purpose/Aims: This research aimed to study the profile, perceptions, barriers, and predictors of Nigerian resident doctors' level of engagement in scientific research. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative... more
Purpose/Aims: This research aimed to study the profile, perceptions, barriers, and predictors of Nigerian resident doctors' level of engagement in scientific research. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative survey of 438 resident doctors in Nigeria. This study forms a part of the big CHARTING Study, the protocol of which was published in “Nigeria Journal of Medicine 2019;28:198-205.” Results: Three hundred and eighteen (72.8%) respondents were male and 119 (27.2%) were female. There were 229 (52.4%) registrars and 208 (47.6%) senior registrars, while residents in surgical versus nonsurgical specialties were 190 (44.5%) and 237 (55.5%), respectively. Three hundred and sixty-eight (85%) respondents had participated previously in research; 67 (15.6%) and 72 (16.6%) had their papers published in local or international journals, respectively; and only 46 (10.6%) had held first authorship positions in peer-reviewed journal publications. The significant barriers to research identified among them included lack of funding, lack of free time, inadequate training/knowledge on research methodology, and the onerous nature of clinical research. The independent predictor of previous engagement with research was years on current job (P = 0.007). This was similar to finding for the first authorship of a peer-reviewed article among the respondents (0.017). Conclusion: This study concludes that publication and grantsmanship rates were very low among the surveyed resident doctors, despite their high rate of engagement in research projects. There is a need for increased research capacity building among resident doctors in Nigeria.
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Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a burgeoning epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Abnormal blood pressure variations are prevalent in CKD and potentiate the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Certain genetic variants... more
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a burgeoning epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Abnormal blood pressure variations are prevalent in CKD and potentiate the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Certain genetic variants (angiotensin II receptor type 1 1166 A>C and angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion and deletion polymorphisms) and biomarkers such as interleukin–6, tumor necrosis factor, soluble (s) E-selectin, homocysteine, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein have been shown to affect blood pressure variability among non-African CKD, hypertensive. and nonhypertensive CKD population. However, the contributions of the pattern, genetic, and environmental determinants of ambulatory blood pressure in African CKD have not been characterized. Understanding these interactions may help to develop interventions to prevent major cardiovascular events among people with CKD. Objective The overarching objective of this study is to identify, document, and develop approac...
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One of the greatest attributes of the Earth is the biodiversity of her ecosystem. The Convention on Biological Diversity (Article 2) defined biological diversity or biodiversity" as the variability among living organisms from all... more
One of the greatest attributes of the Earth is the biodiversity of her ecosystem. The Convention on Biological Diversity (Article 2) defined biological diversity or biodiversity" as the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems".2 This is a reflection of the more than 9 million types of living thing which include fungi, bacteria, plants, animals, protists that co-inhabit the Earth with human beings and serves as the bases of the diverse array of organismal, genetic and ecological diversity obtainable on Earth.3 The complex interplay between this rich array of Earth's inhabitants underpins the proper functioning of the Earth's ecosystem. However, the last few decades, have witnessed a rapid disruption and loss of this rich biodiversity in terms of numbers and v...
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Isolated left ventricular noncompaction has recently been categorized by the World Health Organization as an unclassified cardiomyopathy. 1 It can be defined as an idiopathic cardiomyopathy characterized by a typical left ventricular wall... more
Isolated left ventricular noncompaction has recently been categorized by the World Health Organization as an unclassified cardiomyopathy. 1 It can be defined as an idiopathic cardiomyopathy characterized by a typical left ventricular wall abnormality caused by ...
Research Interests: Cardiology, Electroencephalography, Adolescent, Electrocardiography, Echocardiography, and 15 moreCongenital Heart Defects, Humans, Child, Female, Heart Disease, Aged, Congenital Anomalies, Adult, Conventional Echocardiography, Age Factors, Cardiomyopathies, Heart Ventricles, Child preschool, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, and endocardium
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Department of Error: Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (The Lancet (2020) 395(10239) (1779–1801), (S0140673620301148), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30...more
Reiner RC Jr, Hay SI. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2020; 395:... more
Reiner RC Jr, Hay SI. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2020; 395: 1779–801—In this Article, the author byline has been amended to Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators. This correction has been made to the online version as of June 4, 2020, and the printed version is correct
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INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been an upsurge in the migration of medical personnel, especially early career doctors (ECDs) from low- and middle-income countries, Nigeria inclusive, to high-income countries with wide-ranging... more
INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been an upsurge in the migration of medical personnel, especially early career doctors (ECDs) from low- and middle-income countries, Nigeria inclusive, to high-income countries with wide-ranging consequences on the social and economic systems of the donor countries. This study assessed the profile and determinants of intention to emigrate by ECDs in Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional study conducted among Nigerian ECDs from nine tertiary hospitals. Socio-demographic characteristics, intention & reasons to emigrate and willingness to return were collected using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. RESULTS A total number of 763 ECDs participated in the study. The majority (88.2%) were less than 40 years of age and the male to female ratio was 2:1. Majority of the participants (69.4%) received monthly income ≤833 US Dollar. About two-thirds of ECDs had plans to emigrate and most to developed countries. Common reasons for intention to migrate were better quality of postgraduate training, improved quality of life and better remuneration. CONCLUSION High proportion of Nigerian ECDs has intention to emigrate out with potential adverse effect on the fragile health system in the country.
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Background: Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia manifested by repetitive spasms of eyelid muscles which results in involuntary eye closure and often accompanied by sustained contractions of other facial and neck muscle. It is usually... more
Background: Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia manifested by repetitive spasms of eyelid muscles which results in involuntary eye closure and often accompanied by sustained contractions of other facial and neck muscle. It is usually progressive and causes significant disability. It is commoner in females and prevalence increases with advancing age. Though distressing, it is successfully treated with botulinium toxin injection Case Presentation: We present two cases of blepharospasm. Both patients had prior history of eye conditions requiring surgery. One had cataract extraction while the other had corneal transplant surgery prior to onset of spasm. The two conditions were successfully treated with botulinium toxin injection although the second patient had his dose of injection repeated and doubled before he responded to treatment. Conclusion: Although blepharospasm is distressing and leads to functional blindness, it still has a high curative rate in its response to botulinium toxin ...
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Introduction: Job satisfaction and quality of life (QOL) are critical issues among early-career doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria; however, there is a paucity of data on these two issues. This study explored job satisfaction and QOL among ECDs in... more
Introduction: Job satisfaction and quality of life (QOL) are critical issues among early-career doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria; however, there is a paucity of data on these two issues. This study explored job satisfaction and QOL among ECDs in Nigeria. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study that used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic and job satisfaction parameters from 667 ECDs in seven Nigerian tertiary hospitals. The World Health Organisation QOL-BREF tool was used to assess their QoL. Results: Results showed that the ECDs were satisfied with their career choice; however, they were not satisfied in the areas of remuneration, workload, and work environment. Furthermore, QOL was fairly above average, with the lowest scores reported in the environmental domain and only a slight male-to-female difference in the physical domain. Conclusion: Clinical practice dissatisfaction among ECDs could negatively impact healthcare service delivery. Therefore, it is recommended that the quality of the workplace environment and infrastructure in society at large should be improved upon by various stakeholders. This will positively impact the QoL of ECDs and enhance optimal healthcare delivery to the nation's teeming population.
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Research Interests: Medicine and IDENTIFIER
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Early career doctors (ECDs) are faced with many unique challenges; this is even more pronounced in low resources setting like country Nigeria. To unravel and improve understanding of these challenges the National Association of Resident... more
Early career doctors (ECDs) are faced with many unique challenges; this is even more pronounced in low resources setting like country Nigeria. To unravel and improve understanding of these challenges the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria (NARD) initiated a trainee driven research initiative. NARD initiated the Research and Statistics Committee (RSC), a six member team derived from her membership. In an attempt to carry out her responsibility efficiently the committee created the Research Collaboration network (RCN), a 43 member team comprising ECDs from across Nigeria. The key themes to be explored under this initiative include demographic, work and psychosocial issues as it affect ECDs in Nigeria. This article is set out to describe in detail the NARD initiative in term of the structure, operational modalities and agenda for the year 2018/19.Keywords: Research, Early career doctors, Residents Doctors, Nigeria, Junior Doctors
Research Interests: Medicine and Modalities
ObjectiveTo characterize risk factors for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) occurrence and severity among West Africans.MethodsThe Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) study is a multicenter case-control... more
ObjectiveTo characterize risk factors for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) occurrence and severity among West Africans.MethodsThe Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) study is a multicenter case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Patients were adults ≥18 years old with CT-confirmed sICH with age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched stroke-free community controls. Standard instruments were used to assess vascular, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors. Factors associated with sICH and its severity were assessed using conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and population-attributable risks (PARs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors.ResultsOf 2,944 adjudicated stroke cases, 854 were intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Mean age of patients with ICH was 54.7 ± 13.9 years, with a male preponderance (63.1%), and 77.3% were nonlobar. Etiologic subtypes of sICH included hypertension (80.9%), structural vascular ano...
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Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is a major risk for major cardiovascular events. While medication adherence determines blood pressure (BP) control, studies on treatment adherence among apparently uncontrolled hypertensives are... more
Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is a major risk for major cardiovascular events. While medication adherence determines blood pressure (BP) control, studies on treatment adherence among apparently uncontrolled hypertensives are sorely lacking in sub-Saharan Africa. We report the pattern and correlate of medication adherence among the uncontrolled hypertensive population. Materials and Methods: We investigated 148 age- and sex-matched hypertensive adults on anti-hypertensive medication for a minimum of 1 year. Apparent uncontrolled BP was defined as clinic BP ≥140/90 mmHg, whereas 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring was used to determine the true uncontrolled hypertension and other BP phenotypes. Using the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale participants were classified into high, moderate and low adherence while Modified Morisky Scale was used to assess knowledge and motivation. Results: The mean age and BP were 61 ± 13.3 years and 158/91 mmHg, respectively. High adherence was found in 4.1% of the participants while 68.9% and 27% had moderate and low adherence, respectively. A third had true uncontrolled hypertension. A high proportion of the study participants also had a high motivation (68.9%) and knowledge (89.2%). Medication adherence was associated with motivation (P = 0.0001), knowledge (P = 0.002) and obesity (P = 0.036). Knowledge was an independent determinant of medication adherence with no significant effect on BP control. Conclusion: High medication adherence was low and a third had true uncontrolled hypertension. Knowledge was an independent predictor of medication adherence with no significant effect on blood control. High medication adherence rather than moderate adherence, and knowledge are indeed needed for adequate BP control.
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Classical triatriatum sinistrum or cor triatriatum sinistrum is a rare congenital heart disorder arising from the left atrium being divided into two chambers and may present with undistinguishing features such as exertional dyspnea,... more
Classical triatriatum sinistrum or cor triatriatum sinistrum is a rare congenital heart disorder arising from the left atrium being divided into two chambers and may present with undistinguishing features such as exertional dyspnea, hemoptysis, and orthopnea. It has been scarcely reported among adult Nigerians. The case being reported presented at an unusual age of 30 years. Most cases previously reported were in children. Definitive treatment is a corrective surgery with an excellent outcome. Nonintervention could have a catastrophic outcome. Therefore, there must be a high index of clinical suspicion and early diagnosis. This report is to increase awareness of such condition.
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Introduction: Copyrighted Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is perhaps the most widely used and validated tool in assessing burnout among different occupations and health care professionals compared to the free to use Copenhagen Burnout... more
Introduction: Copyrighted Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is perhaps the most widely used and validated tool in assessing burnout among different occupations and health care professionals compared to the free to use Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of these tools in comparison with MBI among a subset of Nigerian resident doctors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with reliability of the burnout scales calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. Construct validity was assessed by principal component analysis and correlating dimensions within each burnout tool with one another using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The criterion validity of each dimension was assessed for the ability of independent variables to predict their scores using multiple linear regression. Results: Copenhagen Personal Burnout dimension had the highest Cronbach’s alpha score of 0.91. MBI-Emotional Exhaustion had the h...
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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness currently ravaging the world in pandemic proportions Its route of spread and a high degree of infectivity make it easily transmissible within health care settings Health workers, who... more
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness currently ravaging the world in pandemic proportions Its route of spread and a high degree of infectivity make it easily transmissible within health care settings Health workers, who are at particular risk of workplace-related infection, should be familiar with and abide by international best practices for infection prevention and control at work to protect themselves and their patients This is particularly important so that they can continue to provide muchneeded care We present a review of international best practices and guidelines to prevent COVID-19 infection in the clinical space in the Nigerian context Our focus is on strategies for administrative control, patient management, and environmental cleaning and waste management
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There is a complex interplay between orofacial clefts (OFCs) or cleft of the lip and palate and cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac diseases. The presence of maternal cardiovascular risk factors serves as a potent predisposing factor... more
There is a complex interplay between orofacial clefts (OFCs) or cleft of the lip and palate and cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac diseases. The presence of maternal cardiovascular risk factors serves as a potent predisposing factor to the development of OFCs during foetal development in addition to the fact that various congenital anomalies are associated with OFCs either in syndromic or non-syndrome relationship. This article narratively explores this complex interplay, which is not uncommon.
Research Interests: Medicine and Risk Factor
Background. Conflicts across professional workgroup and hierarchies inundate the clinical workplace. Early Career Doctors (ECDs) are also affected either as victims or as a provocateur/perpetrator. The effects of conflict at their... more
Background. Conflicts across professional workgroup and hierarchies inundate the clinical workplace. Early Career Doctors (ECDs) are also affected either as victims or as a provocateur/perpetrator. The effects of conflict at their workplaces have both significant positive and negative dimensions and impacts on ECDs. Little has been reported about conflict among ECDs in Nigeria. Thus, this study explored the issue of conflict and conflict resolution among ECDs in Nigeria, in a bid to elicit information on the causes, consequences, perpetrators and victims. Method. This was a qualitative study, using Focus Group Discussions (FGD) to explore information on conflict and conflict management among purposively selected key respondents (n = 14) from seven tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. The respondents are ECDs who were leaders and representatives of other ECDs in their various hospitals. Two FGDs were conducted. Results. The result showed that conflict is inescapable in clinical settings an...
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Reflective practice has evolved over the years from being an informal subconscious process to a deliberate and formal one. Residency training programs are avenues for preparing residents for a lifetime of specialist practice, and... more
Reflective practice has evolved over the years from being an informal subconscious process to a deliberate and formal one. Residency training programs are avenues for preparing residents for a lifetime of specialist practice, and reflective practice is being incorporated into the curriculum of the program in many parts of the world. There is no universal template for carrying out reflective practice; however, there appear to be accruable benefits to residents who can surmount the barriers and undergo some form of reflection using any of the available models. This article seeks to appraise reflective practice and the inherent benefits to the resident doctor and his practice. Thus, it makes a case for incorporating reflection into the curriculum of residency training programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also demonstrates the need to ensure standardized, reproducible methods of reflection globally.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Cardiovascular disease, Humans, Hypertension, and 15 moreFemale, Clinical Neurology, Burden of Disease, Body Mass Index, Heart Disease, Guidelines, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Epidemiology and Public Health, Adult, Coronary heart disease, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Global burden of disease, Disease Burden, and Cause of death
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Background Early career doctors (ECDs) are faced with many challenges due to their transition from undergraduate medical/dental studentship to being postgraduate doctors and being in an early phase of their career. The specific factors... more
Background Early career doctors (ECDs) are faced with many challenges due to their transition from undergraduate medical/dental studentship to being postgraduate doctors and being in an early phase of their career. The specific factors that affect ECDs in their careers and endeavors at the workplace range from poor remuneration, particularly in developing countries, to psychosocial problems (such as burnout [BO] syndrome). There is a dearth of information on BO among ECDs in Nigeria. This qualitative study aims to explore the opinions of ECDs in Nigeria on the causal/predisposing factors of BO, effects of BO, and strategies for mitigating BO among ECDs in Nigeria. Method Using purposive sampling method, two sessions of focus group discussions (FGDs) involving 14 ECDs (key informants) holding key leadership positions and who were delegates of other ECDs in Nigeria were conducted to explore their experiences on psychological issues among ECDs. Data collected were transcribed and analy...