Quarantine

Education systems and its actors are generally responding to quarantine and large-scale shutdown (partial) of cities with a sudden shift to Web-Based Learning. However, given that a pandemic of this nature and scale is novel, there is a knowledge gap as to how teachers and learners should respond to the shift, and what the likely impact and the key considerations should be. This study aims to extrapolate and theorize from the existing knowledgebase about the use of Web-Based Learning, as well as from an expert and practitioner wisdom and experience, to offer high-level guidance for policymakers and education system actors that are forced to make decisions in fast-moving and very challenging circumstances with little guidance or relevant experience. It is an early attempt at theorizing the impact of the pandemic on two key actors (Learners and Teachers) and one interface (Content), all across eight dimensions of learning. The analysis is based on Khan's (2001) dimension of Web-Ba...

Struggling with social distancing? Allow me to do my bit for #caremongering by sharing my very chonky Battle Cat, who will keep you 2 metres apart from the next body. What an incredibly useful work of art, for these testing times. https://weareunlimited.org.uk/catsuits-and-caring-in-the-time-of-covid-19/

The increase of international trade across countries and borders results in increased risks associated with the inflow of new pests and diseases. These risks are likely to be increased more rapidly due to climate change. Some countries implement strict regulations on imports to prevent these risks and protect biosecurity, food safety, and public health. However, the problems arise when the diseases and pests are found in a country where their economic structure largely depends on agricultural exports and cause ripple effects on other industries and ecosystems. Therefore, establishing an effective quarantine system is essential to protect and recover from the damage caused by non-native diseases and pests. This study's objectives are 1) analyzing the agricultural policies relate to the quarantine system on diseases and pests in Korea, 2) evaluating the Korea plant quarantine system's value, and 3) simulating plant quarantine policy strategies. We estimated the Korean quarantine system's benefits on diseases and pests to reach these objectives. The benefits are measured with a willingness to pay from respondents surveyed by the contingent valuation method (CVM). The CVM approach directly asks people how much they would willingly pay for food security. Finally, the Korean quarantine system's values are simulated with several policy scenarios and different scales of infection at the regional level. The results of this study can deliver policy implications on the quarantine system innovation in developing countries including Asia.

On the basis of a large-scale online survey carried out during Austria’s ‘first lockdown’ in the course of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, this article discusses variation in pronunciation of the word Quarantäne (‘quarantine’) in standard Austrian German, focusing on the variants [k-] vs. [kv-] in the onset. Results show a clear societal preference for [k-], while also exhibiting a pattern of intergenerational variation whereby young speakers predominantly indicate their preference for [k-] and older speakers for [kv-]. Survey findings are contextualized with a content-based analysis ofsocietal discourses from an online forum discussion centering on the issue, which show considerable polarization as well as no awareness of the intergenerational pattern. The study outcome is related to issues of codification (notably pertaining to the Österreichisches Wörterbuch) as well as general variationist sociolinguistic theorizing, especially Labov’s indicatormarker-stereotype taxonomy and its implications.

In the new millennium, the centuries-old strategy of quarantine is becoming a powerful component of the public health response to emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. During the 2003 pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome, the use of quarantine, border controls, contact tracing, and surveillance proved effective in containing the global threat in just over 3 months. For centuries, these practices have been the cornerstone of organized responses to infectious disease outbreaks. However, the use of quarantine and other measures for controlling epidemic diseases has always been controversial because such strategies raise political, ethical, and socioeconomic issues and require a careful balance between public interest and individual rights. In a globalized world that is becoming ever more vulnerable to communicable diseases, a historical perspective can help clarify the use and implications of a still-valid public health strategy.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been spreading globally since December 2019, bringing with it anxieties, mortal risk, and agonizing psychological suffering. This study aimed to explore the relationship between maladaptive daydreaming (MD)-an addictive mental behavior to vivid fantasy associated with distress and functional impairment-and forced COVID-19 pandemic-related self-isolation and quarantine. Previous literature indicated that individuals employ MD for the regulation of distress and boredom, wish fulfillment, and entertainment experiences. The literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health identifies a flareup in psychological difficulties in the general population. In this study we explored the associations between the pandemic threat and mental health indices among individuals with MD. We surveyed 1,565 adults from over 70 countries who responded to calls for participants posted in online MD communities and other general social media sites. Probable MD was determined based on an empirically derived cutoff score on a pertinent measure. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, a series of MANCOVAs, followed by post-hoc ANCOVAs, revealed that individuals with probable MD who were observing lockdown restrictions reported having spent more time in fantasy, experienced more intense and vivid daydreaming, and had a stronger urge to daydream than other participants. Similar statistical procedures indicated that, individuals with probable MD who reported pre-existing anxiety and depression disorders described a greater urge to daydream due to the pandemic and greater difficulty to control this addictive behavior. Compared to individuals with likely normal daydreaming, individuals with suspected MD reported more pandemic-attributed deterioration on a wide array of psychological distress indices. Our data show that the current worldwide pandemic threat is connected with an elevated intensity of this addictive form of mental activity,

Using a descriptive-quantitative research design, this study aimed  to examine the  health conditions of adolescents left behind by  OFW-parents,  and to determine how their health is influenced by their personal and lifestyle characteristics and  their use of protective mechanisms. A total of 400 adolescents left behind (ages 13-17)  by OFW-parents were selected via multi-stage area sampling and were surveyed by using a guided group-administered questionnaire.  Descriptive statistics and  multivariate ordinal logistic regression were performed to analyze the data Results show that adolescents left behind by migrant parent/s  perceived themselves as healthy, that is –overall, they have good health condition. Health domains show that their physical and psychological health conditions are very healthy,  their emotional condition  is good or healthy, and their social and  spiritual health conditions  as  moderately healthy.  This study also  found strong significant association of their overall  health condition with their personal characteristics, lifestyle pattern, and with their use of protective mechanisms. Univariate analyses show that  6 out of the 20  independent variables  examined were significant, and that sex is the strongest predictor of their overall  health condition with the female respondents having more likely to perceive their health condition as good or healthy most of the time compared to male respondents. Different health domains show varied significant predictors. Their physical health condition is strongly predicted by their good personal hygiene practices. The sex of the main care provider predicts their psychological health condition, that is those with female care provider are less psychologically healthy compared to those with male  care provider. Their emotional health is predicted the strongest by their personal interests,  that is those who engage in unhealthy lifestyle  are less likely to be emotionally healthy compared to those who engage themselves in  healthy  lifestyle. Their social health is predicted the strongest by their pattern of communication with the parent-away, that is those who do not have an open and  regular pattern of communication with the parent away are less likely to be socially healthy compared to those who have an  open and regular communication with the parent away. Lastly, their spiritual health condition is predicted the strongest by the absence of the mother, that is those respondents with OFW mother  tends to lacking on their spiritual base compared to those who have non-OFW  mothers.  Findings of the study hope to enhance the understanding of the health conditions of adolescents left behind by migrant parents and associated factors for programmatic action.

Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVID-19), virüse (2019-nCoV) bağlı ilk vaka bildiriminin yapıldığı günden bu yana dek dünya çapında belli bazı bölgeler hariç her yere yayılarak bireysel ve toplumsal hayatı felce uğratmıştır. Devletler virüse bağlı oluşan hasarlara karşı önlem amaçlı olarak sosyal, ekonomik ve politik birçok olağanüstü düzenlemeyi gündemlerinin merkezine oturtmuşlardır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün (DSÖ) COVID-19’u pandemi ilan etmesini takiben devletler aldıkları önlemleri sıkılaştırmaya başlamışlardır. Sosyal izolasyon ve karantina uygulamaları temelinde, hayat neredeyse tamamen bir içe kapanış sergilemiş ve sosyal ilişkilerin online platformlar ile telefon görüşmeleri aracılığıyla sürdürülmesi zorunlu kılınmıştır. Bu süreçte özellikle belli işkollarında ve eğitim sektöründe zorunlu bir ara verilmek durumunda kalınmıştır. 2019-nCoV’un bireysel ve toplumsal hayat üzerinde yarattığı baskı sonucu alınan sıkı önlemlerin sebep oldukları bunalım ve yoğun stres, hem bireyler hem de toplum açısından bu sağlık krizine yönelik psikososyal müdahaleleri zorunlu kılmıştır. Pandemiye ilişkin yanlış bilgilerin sosyal medya platformları aracılığıyla yayılması, kamuoyu nezdinde bir infial uyandırmıştır. Bu da, hayatın neredeyse tamamen online olduğu bu dönemde alınan ve alınacak tedbirler ile pandemiye ilişkin güncel bilgilerin kamuoyuyla şeffaf bir şekilde paylaşılması hususlarındaki tartışmaları beraberinde getirmiştir.

In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and spread across China and beyond. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially named the disease caused by the novel coronavirus as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). On January 30, 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 as the sixth public health emergency of international concern. An outbreak has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. It has raised intense attention not only within China but internationally. It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. WHO calls for social distancing with several measures such as Isolation, Quarantine, Closing schools, working from home instead of at the office, Restricting movement of people and the cancellation of mass gatherings, Cancelling or postponing conferences and large meetings, and not taking public transportation, including buses, subways, taxis, and rideshares. This leads to lockdown. Smartphone installed with relevant app brings people together even when this coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic forces us apart. Life has to go on. Students need education, people need food and medication, and economy has to be stable. Social distancing should not be complicated. These apps make your loved ones, team members and favourites accessible. It makes people not feeling as if they are jailed, but take social distancing as a social responsibility. The apps are categorized into video conferencing, social video chats, medical, entertainment, health & fitness, food & drinks, and apps for visual & hearing impairments.

Η διερεύνηση των λοιμοκαθαρτηρίων και των κέντρων διοικητικής κράτησης μεταναστών διαπνέεται από μια βασική υπόθεση. κάθε φορά που το νεωτερικό έθνος-κράτος καλείται να διαχειριστεί την είσοδο πληγέντων πληθυσμών, ενεργοποιεί το εργαλείο του στρατοπέδου. Τα παραδείγματα των lagers ανά τους αιώνες και τις διαφορετικές περιοχές του παγκόσμιου χάρτη είναι πολλά. Η γενίκευση της παραπάνω υπόθεσης θα μπορούσε πιθανότατα να γίνει για κάθε περιοχή της υφηλίου όπου μια κεντρική εξουσία έχει το μονοπώλιο της απόφασης πάνω στη ζωή και το θάνατο ενός πληθυσμού. Το παράδειγμα που αφορά στη συγκεκριμένη διερεύνηση είναι το ελληνικό έθνος-κράτος από το 19ο αιώνα και τη συγκρότησή του μέχρι σήμερα.
Οι χώροι κράτησης, από εκείνους της καραντίνας του 19ου και των αρχών του 20ου αιώνα έως τα σύγχρονα κέντρα κράτησης μεταναστών χωρίς έγγραφα, συγκροτούν την τεχνολογία εγκλεισμού του μη πολίτη, εκτός της σφαίρας του κοινωνικού και της σφαίρας των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου. Η παραπάνω λειτουργία επιτελείται με όρους βιοπολιτικής περίζωσης του υποκειμένου, με όρους καθήλωσης και εν τέλει υποκειμενοποίησης. Άλλοτε στον μολυσμένο, σήμερα στον ξένο, σε αυτούς που βρίσκονται εκτός της περιγραφής του κυρίαρχου προτύπου του υγιούς, καθαρού και παραγωγικού υπηκόου, εγγράφονται ένα σύνολο από αρνητικές συνδηλώσεις ως προϋποθέσεις είτε για την είσοδό τους στον κοινωνικοπολιτικό χώρο της επικράτειας του έθνους-κράτους είτε για την εξόντωσή τους.
Στην παραπάνω συνθήκη ο χώρος πρωτοστατεί. Φαίνεται σαν η ιστορική προοπτική των λοιμοκαθαρτηρίων του παρελθόντος να είναι οι συνοριακές δομές κράτησης του παρόντος. Στο πρώτο μοντέλο εγκλεισμού αποκρυσταλλώνεται, με την πάροδο του χρόνου, η εμπειρική γνώση που φαίνεται να ενεργοποιείται στο δεύτερο. Η ανάγνωση του χώρου των λοιμοκαθαρτηρίων μέσα από επιτόπια έρευνα συναντάται στην τυπολογία που εξάγεται από τις αυτοψίες στα σύγχρονα κέντρα κράτησης μεταναστών του Έβρου ή της Αμυγδαλέζας. Οι μαρτυρίες των περιηγητών του 19ου αιώνα που περιγράφουν την εμπειρία της κάθαρσης στον Άγιο Γεώργιο Σαλαμίνας, των προσφύγων των αρχών του 20ου αιώνα που επιβίωσαν από την καραντίνα στο Καραμπουρνάκι Καλαμαριάς και των έγκλειστων μεταναστών στο Αλλοδαπών της Π. Ράλλη στις αρχές του 21ου αιώνα αποτυπώνουν το βίωμα του υποκειμένου στην τεχνολογία εγκλεισμού που διερευνάται εδώ.
Σε μια επόμενη κλίμακα, το τοπίο του εγκλεισμού διαμορφώνεται με όρους τεχνικών πολεμικής διαχείρισης είτε αυτό βρίσκεται σε συνοριακό είτε σε αστικό περιβάλλον. Σε κλίμακα επικράτειας, η χωροθέτηση τόσο των λοιμοκαθαρτηρίων του 19ου αιώνα όσο και των κέντρων κράτησης του 21ου αιώνα, όπως αυτή εξάχθηκε από τα αρχεία και τον τύπο της εποχής για τα μεν και όπως προκύπτει από επιτόπιες έρευνες σε διαφορετικές χρονικές στιγμές για αμφότερα, μοιάζει με χαράξεις στρατιωτικής διαχείρισης.

In these days, given that the expiry or "best by" dates printed on cans and packages of shelf-stable food in the US rarely reflect their actual shelf-life, it is important to know exactly how long different stored foods do remain edible and nutritious.  This paper presents the data and the sources.

This chapter discusses the novel disease from its origin to its psychological impact on the different population around the globe. This pandemic not only changed the social norms but also changed the behavioural pattern of an individual. Insecurity, fear of contracting the disease, anxiety will leave its mark on the psychology of the human being. Losing jobs to fear of losing loved ones, social distancing has its own psychological impact on the population. This chapter will review the psychological impact of COVID-19 on different population and conclude with the number of suggestions which would not only help in overcoming the negative emotions people are facing but also help them in developing the positive well-being.

Il tema analizzato riguarda il trattamento della corrispondenza epistolare nella Toscana interessata direttamente o indirettamente da gravi episodi sanitari di natura epidemica. Il saggio esamina un particolare e relativamente breve momento storico, il periodo napoleonico, in cui le vicende sanitarie hanno anche toccato da vicino la terra di Toscana con la terribile epidemia di febbre gialla di Livorno del 1804-1805. Si parla degli sforzi per contenere e prevenire il contagio che all'epoca si riteneva potesse essere veicolato anche dalle corrispondenze cartacee e da queste trasmesso agli uomini. Il transito di persone, animali, merci e lettere venne regolamentato su tutte le frontiere toscane, sia quelle di mare che quelle di terra, e coinvolse anche le strutture sanitarie degli stati confinanti. I lazzaretti furono le strutture preposte all'attività di controllo ed eliminazione dei rischi di contagio. A Livorno ne erano in funzione tre, efficienti e collaudati da molti anni di attività; ma anche altri ne vennero creati per le necessità contingenti.
Si parla prevalentemente di Toscana tirrenica e insulare. Si analizzano le metodiche di disinfezione delle lettere che si scopre essere caratteristiche a Livorno a seconda della provenienza, mentre invece all'isola d'Elba vengono applicati sistemi più tradizionali. A Piombino si progetta una piccola ma raffinata e funzionale "casa sanitaria" all'interno della quale vi doveva essere anche il luogo per "affumare le lettere". Le barche corriere in servizio tra Bastia e Portoferraio spesso vengono poste in quarantena, al contrario di quelle tra Piombino e Portoferraio.

This work is about the disinfection treatment of the correspondence in the Tuscany interested directly or indirectly by serious events of epidemic nature. In particular it shall examine one relatively short historical period - the Napoleonic Age - during which sanitary incidents touched closely the Tuscany lands with the terrible epidemic yellow fever of Leghorn in 1804-1805.
Then it talks about the efforts of containing and preventing the infection which, by that period, was thought to be carried also by paper correspondence to humans. The passage through every Tuscany frontiers, both sea and land ones, of people, animals, goods and letters was regulated and the rules concerned the medical facilities of the neighboring countries too. The quarantine hospital were the structures designed to the activity of control and elimination of the risks of contagion. In Leghorn three were in operation, efficient and had been testing for many years of activity; but also others were created from there for the contingent necessities.
It primarily speaks of Tyrrhenian and insular Tuscany; it comes to be analyzed the method of disinfection of the letters, which is found to be characteristic at Leghorn according to the origin, while in the island of Elba more traditional systems were applied. A small but refined and functional "sanitary house" is planned at Piombino, inside which it might be the place where "affumare" the letters too. The mail boats in service between Bastia and Portoferraio were often set in quarantine, unlike those between Piombino and Portoferraio.

Quarantine Island/Kamau Taurua is the largest of three islands in the Otago Harbour and is the site of New Zealand’s oldest quarantine station. Established in 1861, the Otago quarantine station was first used in 1863 with the arrival of the smallpox ridden Victory. Over the next four decades thousands of people, from a total of 41 ships were placed on the island, marking their first ‘home’ in a new land. Following a decrease in need, the quarantine station was officially closed in 1924, highlighting the end of an era. However, over the course of the island’s human history it saw uses outside the realm of quarantine. This included uses in relation to the pre-contact period, the World War One era, farming, and recreational activities, all of which are represented in the archaeology of the island.

To date there has been only limited archaeological investigation into Quarantine Island and the quarantine stations of the wider New Zealand context.  The primary aim of this research is to examine the different uses of Quarantine Island through an archaeological lens to investigate how these reflect changes over time in the human history of the Otago Harbour. A second objective is to highlight the role of quarantine stations, which have been largely ignored in New Zealand archaeological studies, through a comparison of the quarantine stations of the broader New Zealand and Australian context. Lastly, this research aims to consider the framework of island archaeology in relation to quarantine stations from the historical period

This essay analyses the first phase of the coronavirus emergency in Italy, known as "Phase 1" (from the end of February to the beginning of May 2020) by identifying three dominant narratives (epidemiological, domestic, utopian) that have marked respectively the space of mainstream national media, that of the social networking sites and the intellectual discourse. For each narrative, "symptoms" and lines of development are discussed, in the frame of a critique of the hegemonic reading of the Covid-19 crisis. The text concludes by dwelling on the actions of deconstruction (of dominant narratives) and reconstruction (of marginalized narratives, as well as the scientific knowledge that can support them) as necessary areas of action for the sociology of communication in the context of the crisis.

Lazaretto in the Dubrovnik suburb of Ploče is one
of the few buildings constructed in the early modern
period for the purpose of control of the spread of
plague, that is preserved to this day almost in its integral
form. This Lazaretto was the last in a series of structures
built by the Republic of Dubrovnik to quarantine
merchants and travellers who came from pestiferous
regions. Out of all the older structures that were used
for quarantine of persons and disinfection of goods:
Benedictine Monastery on the island of Mljet, near
the Republic’s northern border, the houses on the
islands of Supetar, Mrkan and Bobara, the Lazaretto
on the island of Lokrum and the Lazaretto on the
peninsula of Danče, the Lazaretto at Ploče was closest
to the city of Dubrovnik. Deliberately located next to
the city gate, at the end of the caravan road that
connected Dubrovnik with the Ottoman Empire, close
to the docking facility in the port and the customs
office in the city, the Lazaretto was part of the complex
of buildings intended to stimulate and control trade,
such as the han and čardak that accommodated
Ottoman merchants after they were released from
quarantine, and the bazaar where goods from the
Dubrovnik hinterland were sold. Due to intense trade,
the suburb of Ploče, together with the Lazaretto, became
the meeting point of two cultures, the Western European
and Ottoman. The Lazaretto was constructed in two
phases between 1627 and 1647, based on a carefully
conceived project that allocated more space in the
Lazaretto to warehouses for disinfection of goods and
courtyards in between, than spaces for quarantine of
merchants and travellers. The form of the Lazaretto
and its position confirm its primary trade-sanitary
role that, with the general tendency towards the
development of the lazaretto function in the second
half of the 16th century, was still the result of the specific
geopolitical situation of Dubrovnik and the intensification
of overland trade in the first few decades of the 17th
century. With its primary trade-sanitary role, the
Lazaretto at Ploče still remained in the service of the
local community, as one of the quarantine structures
for the local population and the disinfection of their
goods during plague outbreaks in the city of Dubrovnik.

Why Mona Lisa wears a mask, Doctor Tulp does an autopsy online, Jewess with Oranges stays at home, Degas’ lady sits alone, and Abramović shows what social distance is.

A new column about a completely new phenomenon, which I called quarantined art. I collected and discussed various types of new versions of old paintings, including memes, as well as the “Apocalypse according to Beksinski” fanpage.

Research Interests:

Art History; Contemporary art; Internet memes; Visual Arts; Current; Quarantine; Memes, Internet Memes, Internet Culture;

A shipload of migrant workers flees the pandemic-stricken UK, seeking a fresh start in Australia. For nine-year-old Cleary the journey promises adventure, for former nurse Billie it’s a chance to put a shameful mistake behind her, while struggling schoolteacher Tom hopes for a brighter future. But when a crew member is murdered and people start falling gravely ill, the Steadfast descends into chaos. Trapped on the ship, the trio must join forces to survive the journey and its aftermath.

The Trespassers is a beguiling novel that explores the consequences of greed, the experiences of migration and exile, and the way strangers can become the ones we hold dear.

Winner, 2020 Davitt Award: Best Crime Novel
Shortlisted, 2020 Voss Literary Prize
Shortlisted, 2020 Australis Award: Best Science Fiction Novel
Shortlisted, 2020 Norma K Hemming Award: Long Work

My research on the nineteenth-century Eastern Mediterranean quarantines started in an unlikely place — a Russian literary journal Otechestvennye zapiski (Annals of the Fatherland), beloved in tsardom’s liberal circles. I came across a curious report about a vaccination experiment in Istanbul. Written by a young doctor from Odessa, Artemii Rafalovich (1816–51), it described how, in 1846, he heated cowpox matter to test whether that would destroy the ability of the disease to pass on. He then inoculated eight (allegedly) volunteer Istanbullite children with heated and unheated cowpox. Those children inoculated with heated matter would not develop pockmarks, which led the doctor to conclude that the heat annihilates the disease’s contagiousness. He conducted the experiment to bolster evidence that the heat destroys the matter of diseases, including that of plague, which had recently resurfaced in the Ottoman Empire and Egypt, and that the heating technique might prove useful in treating clothes and goods in quarantines. The Russian doctor’s report was my introduction to the world of nineteenth-century medical travelogues. My research on the subject was published in an article “Ottoman and Egyptian Quarantines and European Debates on Plague in the 1830s–1840s” in Past & Present no. 253 (2021).

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused greater than 2,900,000 + confirmed instances in the world and pronounced in 210 countries as on April 26, 2020 Due to organic nature of the novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) with faster spreading and unknown transmission pattern, it makes us in a problem function to incorporate the disease transmission globally. To date many countries are in lockdown to prevent from people from coronavirus by this economy has been affected and has to bare the losses.

Una nuova ricerca sulle società e la peste nel Mediterraneo centrale deve rispondere a una serie di domande, la prima delle quali è perché ci voglia un secolo per l'allentarsi di quel rapporto, dell'abbraccio fatale che aveva stretto per quattro secoli le stesse società e il pestilenziale flagello. Dall'ultima epidemia francese, quella di Marsiglia del 1720, all'ultima maghrebina, quella di Tunisi del 1818-1820, corrono cento anni esatti. L'indagine per rispondere a questo interrogativo non può più essere volta allo scoprimento della causa unica, necessaria e sufficiente, ma si deve indirizzare fondamentalmente su due grandi campi che interagiscono fra di loro: l'evoluzione bioiogica della malattia e I'azione di contromisura assunta dalle diverse collettività rivierasche contro la peste.

My contribution to the WASP-WPA Interorganizational Symposium (prerecorded) ...

World Association of Social Psychiatry (WASP) with the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) at the 21st Virtual World Congress of Psychiatry, Cartagena, Colombia, October 16-21, 2021:
KS Gaind (Chair, University of Toronto)
V Di Nicola (Panelist, University of Montreal, GWU)
RR Gogineni (Panelist, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University)

Session Description:

At this time, the death toll from COVID-19 is approaching 3 million people worldwide. The full toll of COVID-19 far exceeds even this sobering number. Beyond the direct biological impacts of an infectious disease, the global impact of COVID-19 is revealing and magnifying pre-existing fractures in our social structures. COVID-19 has led to significant differential impacts
among groups across age, health and socio-cultural variables, whether through increased direct illness morbidity and mortality in the elderly or those with mental illness, or through indirect impacts associated with widespread societal and health system changes, including youth impacted by confinement and social isolation impinging on development of prosocial
skills, increased caregiver and family stresses ranging from financial distress to violence, and further disenfranchisement of already marginalized and vulnerable groups. At the same time, heightened public awareness and outcry about such disparities has the potential to fuel new alliances, challenging and perhaps dismantling some historical stereotypes of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability and illness. Rather than a pandemic, the global impacts reveal a syndemic – multiple pandemics along different lines, both the viral/biological pandemic, plus a social pandemic superimposed on pre-existing fault lines of inequity, poverty, mental illness, racism, sexism, ableism, ageism and other forms of stigma and discrimination. This session will include discussion of the varied impacts of COVID-19 and exploration of their root causes from a social psychiatry perspective.

Hornets in the genus Vespa (Vespidae, Vespinae) are social wasps. They are primarily predators of other insects , and some species are known to attack and feed on honeybees (Apis mellifera L.), which makes them a serious threat to apiculture. Hornet species identification can be sometimes difficult because of the amount of intraspecific color and size variation. This has resulted in many species-level synonyms, scattered literature, and taxonomic keys only useful for local populations. We present a key to the world species, information on each species, as well as those intercepted at United States Ports of Entry during the last decade. Images of all the species and some of the subspecies previously described are also included.

How did health technologies influence border construction, identityformation and political developments in nineteenth-century Greece? The study focuses on the 1845 Health Code, which instituted a comprehensive system of coastal and inland lazarettos and health offices. It presents the development of the health border system prior to the enactment of the code and explains the timing of the enactment of that legislation.Compared to other important health legislation, the code had a long gestation as a result of the combined and often conflicting influences of five interrelated factors: commercial relations with the Ottoman Empire; the health preoccupations of Western European states; the significance of the plague; the cultural orientation of the Greek state towards “Western civilisation”; and the capacity of the Greek administration to exercise control over its territory. The code, a step towards the geographical and cultural reorientation of a former Ottoman province as a sovereign ...

In Part II. I analize notions, observations and experiences of travellers who travelled on board of DDSG steamships in 1830s and '40s. At first I make some remarks on cultural context; i.e. what does it mean travelling by steamship. I take a closer look at spaces of steamships (like rooms, the deck, embarking and disembarking), then I show the reader the circumstances of dining on steamship and between Cernavodă and Constanța. Travellers from Ottoman Empire to Wallachia and to Habsburg Monarchy had to face quarantine measures, therefore I assess experiences of travellers who had spent time in quarantine. Finally I highlight the importance of travellers' mindsets in a sketchy mental map, in which notion of "East" and "West" are crucial.

of the newly established steamship-route between Vienna and Constantinople. From 1834 to mid '40 years there were significant hindrances when a traveller decided to go from one (European) capital city to another (strikingly non-European) one. In this Part I. I took a look at the political background, the problem with shipping through Iron Gates, the quaratine-system and I added to my study the landroute between Cernavodă and Küstendje (now Constanța).