in Law and Diversity: European and Latin American Experiences from a Legal Historical Perspective Vol. 1: Fundamental Questions, edited by P. Collin, A. Casagrande, Frankfurt am Main, 2023, pp. 467-500, 2023
The essay aims to study the relationship between diversity and legal protection in stages of lega... more The essay aims to study the relationship between diversity and legal protection in stages of legal experience characterised by the dominance of the principle of equality, which led a process of reductio ad unum of the social fabric in the legal scope, and more in general by the monistic configuration of the legal system. After identifying some particular features of legal monism in the 19th and 20th century, the analysis provides a survey of how these kind of legal systems addressed the problem of diversity; in particular, the purpose is to consider the function of special law. To this end, considering in particular the Italian case, three different approaches to the issue will be taken in account: one relating to inclusion, another emphasizing exclusion, and a third focused on anti-assimilation.
Scienza & Politica. Per una storia delle dottrine, 2023
This essay reflects on the experience of time as a factor of social cohesion and on its attributi... more This essay reflects on the experience of time as a factor of social cohesion and on its attributive force with respect to the configurations of law. In this regard; a decisive component is the simultaneity of regimes of historicity and the consequent dispute about the past. The article points out its prominence in the transitions from dictatorship to democracy and; in particular; in that of Italy in the second half of the 20th century. The discussion then turns to the dispute about the memory; to consider the question of the rights to truth; to restitution and to resentment; highlight-ing how history; if declined in a victimological perspective; can make an original contribution to understanding the problem of the justiciability of the past.
Paper included in volume 3 of LawArt Magazine, part of a special discussion around the biography ... more Paper included in volume 3 of LawArt Magazine, part of a special discussion around the biography of W.G. Sebald, by Carole Angier.
Artigo publicado em co-autoria com Massimo Meccarelli no livro “Curare la democrazia – una rifles... more Artigo publicado em co-autoria com Massimo Meccarelli no livro “Curare la democrazia – una riflessione multidisciplinare", organizado por Giovanni di Cosimo (Milano, CEDAM/Wolters Kluwer, 2022)
Cristiano Paixão and Massimo Meccarelli (eds.),Comparing Transitions to Democracy. Law and Justice in South America and Europe, Springer, Cham, 2021, , 2021
This chapter focuses on Italy’s struggle to hold Fascism to account between 1943–1946 within the ... more This chapter focuses on Italy’s struggle to hold Fascism to account between 1943–1946 within the complex framework of the nation’s transition to democracy after World War II. This historical turn will be taken as an example of a specific regime of temporality, one in which the conjunctural features of time exercise an attributive force over legal issues. Responding to the demand for justice was an unavoidable step in the aftermath of the dictatorship, and the manner in which this issue was handled qualified some long-term solutions that were absorbed into the democratic legal order. The tension between restorative justice and national appeasement will be considered on two analytical levels: normative framework and legal debate. The concluding remarks will propose some methodological considerations on the importance of transitional time for historical research, with ascriptive time also being examined in general terms.
LawArt. Rivista di diritto, arte, storia /Journal of Law, Art and History, 2020
The article reflects on literature as a source for legal history, considering two novels – La Cha... more The article reflects on literature as a source for legal history, considering two novels – La Chartreuse de Parme by Stendhal and L’Orologio by Carlo Levi – that, in their diversity, place the problem of time and history at the centre of the narrative plot. The first part of the essay insists on an observation of the law “put into action” in the story and, thus, restored in its historicity. In the central part is instead the attributive character of time (in particular of the transition) in relation to the law, to constitute the object of investigation. The third part focuses on the issue of subjectivation of the past, considering the problem of the production of memory. As a whole, this study intends to show how the field of relations between law and literature provides legal history of new margins in order to develop a critical discourse in contemporary legal debate and, therefore, in order to offer its own contribution to the objectivation of the present.
Historia do direito. Revista do Instituto Brasileiro de História do Direito, 2020
A proposta desse texto é considerar a possível vantagem heurística que o conceito analítico da “i... more A proposta desse texto é considerar a possível vantagem heurística que o conceito analítico da “inovação” pode oferecer para a compreensão das mudanças no marco jurídico, sobretudo quando empregada em conjunto com o conceito de transição. Considerada tanto como forma de mutação do direito (problema teórico) quanto como ferramenta analítica para analisar a mutação do direito (problema metodológico), a noção de inovação nos permite articular a análise histórico-jurídica ao destacar a base pré-jurídica dos sentidos das formas que o direito adquire. Conclui-se que a díade inovação-transição permite recuperar um nível de compreensão da fenomenologia jurídica relevante tanto para o passado quanto para o presente, o que representa para a ciência jurídica não apenas uma oportunidade de sustentar sua capacidade de desenvolvimento como ciência crítica, mas também de se tornar efetivamente inovadora.
This is a paper with Massimo Meccarelli about constituent power and constitution-making process i... more This is a paper with Massimo Meccarelli about constituent power and constitution-making process in Brazilian history. Published in the Journal of Constitutional History, in a special issue on Brazilian constitutional history. In a phase such as the present one, which is marked by the crisis of the expansive trajectory of the constitutional state, is it possible to carry out a constitutional history without assuming a retrospective point of view? The paper takes this question as its starting point in order to identify an innovative potential for research in this field. An attempt to articulate the historical phenomenology of constituent processes will lead to distinguishing, in them, constituent and constituent dynamics. Upon this background, we will explore some interpretative itineraries in Brazilian constitutional history; the focus will be on the ascribed times of transition, exception, and insurgence. In conclusion, we will look into constitutional issues in present days, highlighting the Brazilian case as a privileged ground for research, so that we may understand in depth the meaning of constituent processes in constitutional history
Questo scritto propone una riflessione di taglio storiografico. Dopo aver fornito un quadro dei p... more Questo scritto propone una riflessione di taglio storiografico. Dopo aver fornito un quadro dei principali studi sulle tendenze della storia del diritto in Italia e Germania, il saggio individua i caratteri del comune paradigma disciplinare che, negli ultimi sessant’anni, ha favorito una circolarità di temi e problemi tra queste due realtà. Nell’analizzare, poi, le ragioni strutturali e congiunturali della crisi dello spazio di dialogo nella fase attuale, la trattazione passa a considerare l’ipotesi di un recupero di quello spazio, da conseguire esplorando nuovi campi di ricerca, attraverso innovativi approcci metodologici. In particolare viene presa in esame la prospettiva della global legal history, come opportunità per rinnovare le categorie analitiche, per scoprire nuovi temi o anche ripensarne alcuni che hanno già formato oggetto di studio e, più ampiamente, come possibile terreno di convergenza per la storia del diritto e per la Rechtsgeschichte.
This essay reflects on the relationship between time and law and on its importance for historical... more This essay reflects on the relationship between time and law and on its importance for historical research, considering "time" in its value of ascriptive factor that affects the contents that law takes. The article especially focuses on the kind of temporal condition that supports regimes of impermanence of law such as transition, crisis and emergency. Examples are given in order to describe the attributive effect of the conjuncture and its fallout on the legal regimes in the medium and long term.
Criminal Law: Before a State Monopoly, in The Oxford Handbook of European Legal History Edited by Heikki Pihlajamäki, Markus D. Dubber, and Mark Godfrey, Oxford University Press, 2018
This article aims to study features and development of criminal law in the medieval and modern ag... more This article aims to study features and development of criminal law in the medieval and modern ages. The emergence, at the end of the eighteenth century, of the state monopoly on punishment, connected with the establishment of the statutory law as an ordering factor, represents a historical turn. Before, criminal law—much more than to the exercise of a right to punish—is related to the problem of determining justice in order to produce a public space substitute for revenge. The chapter, considering this different foundation, analyses the ordering factors structuring the criminal law system. It then focuses on peculiar features of the criminal trial and on key aspects such as the role of the judge, the sanctions regimes, the taxonomy of the crimes, and the regimes of proof. Some cursory remarks, as to how the criminal legal order turns into a system under a state monopoly, serve as a conclusion.
Diritti e coesione sociale. Una prospettiva storico-giuridica, in L. Mauro (a cura di), Social cohesion and human rights. Reflections on the Contemporary Society, , 2017
El espacio de los derechos en el pensamiento tardoescolástico. Una perspectiva iushistorica, in Actas del XIX Congreso del Instituto Internacional de Historia del Derecho Indiano: Berlin 2016, edited by Th. Duve, Madrid Dykinson, , 2017
the Scholastic thought in the early modern Age, developed in a complex historical phase in which ... more the Scholastic thought in the early modern Age, developed in a complex historical phase in which the universality of the Respublica Christiana was challenged by two novel problems of opposite sign: the discovery of America opened to Christianity a sphere of expansion towards a new world; the religious Reformation in Europe, however, dre boundaries limits within the Christian world. In the framework of the studies of the late scholastics the problem of legal-protection regimes arises, and the new horizon of individual rights is explored. This article tries to analyze this original construction of legal-protection regimes, and to understand the legal space that it configures, and to assess what relevance the issue of rights has within the framework of the discursive strategies of the late scholastics in legal topics.
in Law and Diversity: European and Latin American Experiences from a Legal Historical Perspective Vol. 1: Fundamental Questions, edited by P. Collin, A. Casagrande, Frankfurt am Main, 2023, pp. 467-500, 2023
The essay aims to study the relationship between diversity and legal protection in stages of lega... more The essay aims to study the relationship between diversity and legal protection in stages of legal experience characterised by the dominance of the principle of equality, which led a process of reductio ad unum of the social fabric in the legal scope, and more in general by the monistic configuration of the legal system. After identifying some particular features of legal monism in the 19th and 20th century, the analysis provides a survey of how these kind of legal systems addressed the problem of diversity; in particular, the purpose is to consider the function of special law. To this end, considering in particular the Italian case, three different approaches to the issue will be taken in account: one relating to inclusion, another emphasizing exclusion, and a third focused on anti-assimilation.
Scienza & Politica. Per una storia delle dottrine, 2023
This essay reflects on the experience of time as a factor of social cohesion and on its attributi... more This essay reflects on the experience of time as a factor of social cohesion and on its attributive force with respect to the configurations of law. In this regard; a decisive component is the simultaneity of regimes of historicity and the consequent dispute about the past. The article points out its prominence in the transitions from dictatorship to democracy and; in particular; in that of Italy in the second half of the 20th century. The discussion then turns to the dispute about the memory; to consider the question of the rights to truth; to restitution and to resentment; highlight-ing how history; if declined in a victimological perspective; can make an original contribution to understanding the problem of the justiciability of the past.
Paper included in volume 3 of LawArt Magazine, part of a special discussion around the biography ... more Paper included in volume 3 of LawArt Magazine, part of a special discussion around the biography of W.G. Sebald, by Carole Angier.
Artigo publicado em co-autoria com Massimo Meccarelli no livro “Curare la democrazia – una rifles... more Artigo publicado em co-autoria com Massimo Meccarelli no livro “Curare la democrazia – una riflessione multidisciplinare", organizado por Giovanni di Cosimo (Milano, CEDAM/Wolters Kluwer, 2022)
Cristiano Paixão and Massimo Meccarelli (eds.),Comparing Transitions to Democracy. Law and Justice in South America and Europe, Springer, Cham, 2021, , 2021
This chapter focuses on Italy’s struggle to hold Fascism to account between 1943–1946 within the ... more This chapter focuses on Italy’s struggle to hold Fascism to account between 1943–1946 within the complex framework of the nation’s transition to democracy after World War II. This historical turn will be taken as an example of a specific regime of temporality, one in which the conjunctural features of time exercise an attributive force over legal issues. Responding to the demand for justice was an unavoidable step in the aftermath of the dictatorship, and the manner in which this issue was handled qualified some long-term solutions that were absorbed into the democratic legal order. The tension between restorative justice and national appeasement will be considered on two analytical levels: normative framework and legal debate. The concluding remarks will propose some methodological considerations on the importance of transitional time for historical research, with ascriptive time also being examined in general terms.
LawArt. Rivista di diritto, arte, storia /Journal of Law, Art and History, 2020
The article reflects on literature as a source for legal history, considering two novels – La Cha... more The article reflects on literature as a source for legal history, considering two novels – La Chartreuse de Parme by Stendhal and L’Orologio by Carlo Levi – that, in their diversity, place the problem of time and history at the centre of the narrative plot. The first part of the essay insists on an observation of the law “put into action” in the story and, thus, restored in its historicity. In the central part is instead the attributive character of time (in particular of the transition) in relation to the law, to constitute the object of investigation. The third part focuses on the issue of subjectivation of the past, considering the problem of the production of memory. As a whole, this study intends to show how the field of relations between law and literature provides legal history of new margins in order to develop a critical discourse in contemporary legal debate and, therefore, in order to offer its own contribution to the objectivation of the present.
Historia do direito. Revista do Instituto Brasileiro de História do Direito, 2020
A proposta desse texto é considerar a possível vantagem heurística que o conceito analítico da “i... more A proposta desse texto é considerar a possível vantagem heurística que o conceito analítico da “inovação” pode oferecer para a compreensão das mudanças no marco jurídico, sobretudo quando empregada em conjunto com o conceito de transição. Considerada tanto como forma de mutação do direito (problema teórico) quanto como ferramenta analítica para analisar a mutação do direito (problema metodológico), a noção de inovação nos permite articular a análise histórico-jurídica ao destacar a base pré-jurídica dos sentidos das formas que o direito adquire. Conclui-se que a díade inovação-transição permite recuperar um nível de compreensão da fenomenologia jurídica relevante tanto para o passado quanto para o presente, o que representa para a ciência jurídica não apenas uma oportunidade de sustentar sua capacidade de desenvolvimento como ciência crítica, mas também de se tornar efetivamente inovadora.
This is a paper with Massimo Meccarelli about constituent power and constitution-making process i... more This is a paper with Massimo Meccarelli about constituent power and constitution-making process in Brazilian history. Published in the Journal of Constitutional History, in a special issue on Brazilian constitutional history. In a phase such as the present one, which is marked by the crisis of the expansive trajectory of the constitutional state, is it possible to carry out a constitutional history without assuming a retrospective point of view? The paper takes this question as its starting point in order to identify an innovative potential for research in this field. An attempt to articulate the historical phenomenology of constituent processes will lead to distinguishing, in them, constituent and constituent dynamics. Upon this background, we will explore some interpretative itineraries in Brazilian constitutional history; the focus will be on the ascribed times of transition, exception, and insurgence. In conclusion, we will look into constitutional issues in present days, highlighting the Brazilian case as a privileged ground for research, so that we may understand in depth the meaning of constituent processes in constitutional history
Questo scritto propone una riflessione di taglio storiografico. Dopo aver fornito un quadro dei p... more Questo scritto propone una riflessione di taglio storiografico. Dopo aver fornito un quadro dei principali studi sulle tendenze della storia del diritto in Italia e Germania, il saggio individua i caratteri del comune paradigma disciplinare che, negli ultimi sessant’anni, ha favorito una circolarità di temi e problemi tra queste due realtà. Nell’analizzare, poi, le ragioni strutturali e congiunturali della crisi dello spazio di dialogo nella fase attuale, la trattazione passa a considerare l’ipotesi di un recupero di quello spazio, da conseguire esplorando nuovi campi di ricerca, attraverso innovativi approcci metodologici. In particolare viene presa in esame la prospettiva della global legal history, come opportunità per rinnovare le categorie analitiche, per scoprire nuovi temi o anche ripensarne alcuni che hanno già formato oggetto di studio e, più ampiamente, come possibile terreno di convergenza per la storia del diritto e per la Rechtsgeschichte.
This essay reflects on the relationship between time and law and on its importance for historical... more This essay reflects on the relationship between time and law and on its importance for historical research, considering "time" in its value of ascriptive factor that affects the contents that law takes. The article especially focuses on the kind of temporal condition that supports regimes of impermanence of law such as transition, crisis and emergency. Examples are given in order to describe the attributive effect of the conjuncture and its fallout on the legal regimes in the medium and long term.
Criminal Law: Before a State Monopoly, in The Oxford Handbook of European Legal History Edited by Heikki Pihlajamäki, Markus D. Dubber, and Mark Godfrey, Oxford University Press, 2018
This article aims to study features and development of criminal law in the medieval and modern ag... more This article aims to study features and development of criminal law in the medieval and modern ages. The emergence, at the end of the eighteenth century, of the state monopoly on punishment, connected with the establishment of the statutory law as an ordering factor, represents a historical turn. Before, criminal law—much more than to the exercise of a right to punish—is related to the problem of determining justice in order to produce a public space substitute for revenge. The chapter, considering this different foundation, analyses the ordering factors structuring the criminal law system. It then focuses on peculiar features of the criminal trial and on key aspects such as the role of the judge, the sanctions regimes, the taxonomy of the crimes, and the regimes of proof. Some cursory remarks, as to how the criminal legal order turns into a system under a state monopoly, serve as a conclusion.
Diritti e coesione sociale. Una prospettiva storico-giuridica, in L. Mauro (a cura di), Social cohesion and human rights. Reflections on the Contemporary Society, , 2017
El espacio de los derechos en el pensamiento tardoescolástico. Una perspectiva iushistorica, in Actas del XIX Congreso del Instituto Internacional de Historia del Derecho Indiano: Berlin 2016, edited by Th. Duve, Madrid Dykinson, , 2017
the Scholastic thought in the early modern Age, developed in a complex historical phase in which ... more the Scholastic thought in the early modern Age, developed in a complex historical phase in which the universality of the Respublica Christiana was challenged by two novel problems of opposite sign: the discovery of America opened to Christianity a sphere of expansion towards a new world; the religious Reformation in Europe, however, dre boundaries limits within the Christian world. In the framework of the studies of the late scholastics the problem of legal-protection regimes arises, and the new horizon of individual rights is explored. This article tries to analyze this original construction of legal-protection regimes, and to understand the legal space that it configures, and to assess what relevance the issue of rights has within the framework of the discursive strategies of the late scholastics in legal topics.
The book examines some of the key features of the interplay between legal history, authoritarian ... more The book examines some of the key features of the interplay between legal history, authoritarian rule and political transitions in Brazil and other countries from the end of 20th Century until today.
The book features a discussion on the modernisation of law and legal change, focusing on the key ... more The book features a discussion on the modernisation of law and legal change, focusing on the key concepts of "innovation" and "transition". While innovation is increasingly appearing in the present day as being the category in which one looks at the modernisation of law, the concept of transition also seems to be the privileged place of occurrence for such dynamics. The group of Italian and Brazilian scholars contributing to this volume intends to investigate such problems through an interdisciplinary prism. It includes points of view both internal to legal studies - such as the legal history, legal theory, constitutional law, private law and commercial law - and external, such as political philosophy and history of justice and political institutions.
Il coronavirus (Covid-19) ha colpito direttamente la vita e la salute di un alto numero di person... more Il coronavirus (Covid-19) ha colpito direttamente la vita e la salute di un alto numero di persone e ha imposto a tutti un cambiamento che nessuno avrebbe mai immaginato: il confinamento, per limitare al massimo le possibilità di contagio. La situazione inedita che ne è conseguita costituisce una sfida per il giurista, suscitando domande e acuendo l’esigenza di un confronto al di là degli angusti confini dei rispettivi settori disciplinari. Il presente volume raccoglie l’esito delle prime riflessioni presentate in occasione di un seminario di studi promosso nell’ambito delle iniziative dei Corsi di dottorato giuridici e del progetto di Dipartimento di eccellenza su “Diritto e Innovazione” dell’Università di Macerata. I contributi spaziano dalla storia del diritto al diritto costituzionale, dal diritto dell’Unione Europea al diritto comparato e internazionale privato, dal diritto dei trasporti al diritto del lavoro, dal diritto penale al diritto commerciale, dalla medicina legale al diritto processuale.
M. Meccarelli (Ed.), Reading the crisis: legal, philosophical and literary perspectives, madrid, 2017, 2017
Almost a decade has passed since the outbreak of the economic crisis; from its original nucleus, ... more Almost a decade has passed since the outbreak of the economic crisis; from its original nucleus, its effects have quickly affected the social and geopolitical fields. Such wide impact and its complex implications make the crisis an object susceptible of multiple readings. The particular aim of the studies collected in this volume is to explore the impact of the crisis on law, culture and society, in order to test the depth of the problem, by comparing the analytical perspectives obtainable from legal and human sciences. The book focuses on three main issues: the crisis as a social object, in order to consider the crisis in terms of its attributing force; the problem of democracy, which is becoming an increasingly central question now, as the changes imposed by the crisis have begun to settle down; the interdisciplinary challenge that, in time of crisis, questions paradigms of knowledge, competences and methods, in order to enable an heuristic dialogue between human, social and legal sciences.
The relationship between law and diversity was difficult and dialectical throughout the centuries... more The relationship between law and diversity was difficult and dialectical throughout the centuries of the legal modernity. Yet to mark its routes it was not a concern for diversity since at the core of its developments there was the issue of individual before the social issue. As a matter of fact, diversity was considered extensively in modern law, but always in an instrumental way. At present this juridical approach shows some limitations, especially in the taking into account the link with the problem of protection of fundamental and human rights. Therefore, it seems appropriate to open a discussion on the issue, assuming diversity, despite its plurality of meanings, as a single topic area from which to start questioning the law. This volume is an attempt in this direction. Taking its cue from these statements and adopting a multidisciplinary perspective, it aims to explore aspects of the complex relationship between law and diversity, assuming as a framework of reference the problem of rights and justice.
È in un continuo e sofferto rapporto dialettico che diritto e diversità si sono reciprocamente inseguiti lungo i secoli della modernità giuridica. Eppure non è stata una preoccupazione per la diversità a segnarne gli itinerari. Di essa il diritto moderno si è molto occupato ma in chiave sempre strumentale, avendo posto al centro dei suoi svolgimenti la questione dell’individuo prima che della società. Al contempo la fase attuale evidenzia una certa usura degli strumenti giuridici tradizionali e un limite complessivo di tale approccio al problema, soprattutto se si considerano i nessi della questione con la tutela dei diritti fondamentali e umani. Appare, dunque, opportuno avviare una riflessione complessiva sulla questione, assumendo la diversità, pur nella sua pluralità di valenze, come ambito tematico unitario e come categoria a partire dalla quale interrogare il diritto. Il presente volume, costituisce un tentativo in tale direzione. Esso - prendendo le mosse da tali constatazioni e avvalendosi di molteplici punti di vista disciplinari - si propone di esplorare aspetti del complesso rapporto tra diritto e diversità, assumendo come cornice di riferimento la questione dei diritti e della giustizia.
The relationship between law and diversity was difficult and dialectical throughout the centurie... more The relationship between law and diversity was difficult and dialectical throughout the centuries of the legal modernity. Yet to mark its routes it was not a concern for diversity since at the core of its developments there was the issue of individual before the social issue. As a matter of fact, diversity was considered extensively in modern law, but always in an instrumental way. At present this juridical approach shows some limitations, especially in the taking into account the link with the problem of protection of fundamental and human rights. Therefore, it seems appropriate to open a discussion on the issue, assuming diversity, despite its plurality of meanings, as a single topic area from which to start questioning the law. This volume is an attempt in this direction. Taking its cue from these statements and adopting a multidisciplinary perspective, it aims to explore aspects of the complex relationship between law and diversity, assuming as a framework of reference the problem of rights and justice
The spatiotemporal conjunction is a fundamental aspect of the juridical reflection on the histori... more The spatiotemporal conjunction is a fundamental aspect of the juridical reflection on the historicity of law. Despite the fact that it seems to represent an issue directly connected with the question of where legal history is heading today, it still has not been the object of a focused inquiry. Against this background, the book’s proposal consists in rethinking key confluences related to this problem in order to provide coordinates for a collective understanding and dialogue.
The aim of this volume, however, is not to offer abstract methodological considerations, but rather to rely both on concrete studies, out of which a reflection on this conjunction emerges, as well as on the reconstruction of certain research lines featuring a spatiotemporal component.
This analytical approach makes a contribution by providing some suggestions for the employment of space and time as coordinates for legal history. Indeed, contrary to those historiographical attitudes reflecting a monistic conception of space and time (as well as a Eurocentric approach), the book emphasises the need for a delocalized global perspective. In general terms, the essays collected in this book intend to take into account the multiplicity of the spatiotemporal confines, the flexibility of those instruments that serve to create chronologies and scenarios, as well as certain processes of adaptation of law to different times and into different spaces.
The spatiotemporal dynamism enables historians not only to detect new perspectives and dimensions in foregone themes, but also to achieve new and compelling interpretations of legal history. As far as the relationship between space and law is concerned, the book analyses experiences in which space operates as a determining factor of law, e.g. in terms of a field of action for law. Moreover, it outlines the attempted scales of spatiality in order to develop legal historical research. With reference to the connection between time and law, the volume sketches the possibility of considering the factor of time, not just as a descriptive tool, but as an ascriptive moment (quasi an inner feature) of a legal problem, thus making it possible to appreciate the synchronic aspects of the ‘juridical experience’.
As a whole, the volume aims to present spatiotemporality as a challenge for legal history. Indeed, reassessing the value of the spatiotemporal coordinates for legal history implies thinking through both the thematic and methodological boundaries of the discipline.
¿En qué medida nuestro aparato conceptual permite comprender y describir los cambios en el derech... more ¿En qué medida nuestro aparato conceptual permite comprender y describir los cambios en el derecho? ¿Qué puede aportar a nuestra actividad investigadora, desde un punto de vista analítico, una observación del derecho en sus momentos dinámicos? El objetivo del volumen es intentar una primera aproximación al análisis de un tema inusual: el derecho en movimiento. Los estudios aquí reunidos analizan algunas experiencias jurídicas concretas del movimiento del derecho, tomando en consideración tres perfiles particulares: la circulación de personas, la circulación del derecho (en referencia tanto a los saberes, y a las culturas jurídicas, como a las opciones normativas), la circulación de los derechos (en referencia a la multiplicidad de las formas de tutela jurídica y a su difusión).
La experiencia de los derechos humanos se manifiesta a través de luces y sombras, pues los derech... more La experiencia de los derechos humanos se manifiesta a través de luces y sombras, pues los derechos adquieren su forma en un complejo juego de reflejos en el cual las exigencias de emancipación se enlazan con las lógicas de dominio. Desde un punto de vista fenomenológico, los derechos parecen estar atravesados por una dicotomía a través de la cual la universalidad no modifica (quizás consolida) el hecho de su inefectividad, la generalidad no resuelve (quizás esconde) dinámicas discriminadoras, la multiplicación más que paz social produce contraposición. Los regímenes jurídicos de los derechos se interesan también por la transformación del mismo proceso de producción; esto deriva de una complicación de la relación entre política y justicia: al mismo tiempo que la política se judicializa, la justicia se politiza. Los profundos cambios presentes en el mundo contemporáneo, que configuran un nuevo espacio geopolítico y un inédito pluralismo de los valores en un contexto de diversidad cultural, actúan como factores que modifican el sentido del discurso de los derechos humanos. Los análisis contenidos en este volumen se desarrollan sobre distintas áreas jurídicas y filosóficas. Partiendo del examen directo de algunas cuestiones clave, ponen de relieve esos problemas complejos y señalan la urgente necesidad de una reflexión sobre las posibles vías para corresponder a las reivindicaciones de libertad y de justicia expresadas en la demanda de los derechos.
Ogni riflessione teorica sui diritti umani tende inevitabilmente a mettere in evidenza alcune irr... more Ogni riflessione teorica sui diritti umani tende inevitabilmente a mettere in evidenza alcune irrisolte tensioni che caratterizzano il processo di progressiva affermazione di questi. Non fa eccezione l’analisi contenuta nei contributi raccolti in questo saggio. Si può cercare di riassumere queste tensioni attraverso l’individuazione di almeno tre coppie dicotomiche: universalità/discriminazione, universalità/ineffettività, moltiplicazione/contrapposizione. Coppie dicotomiche che investono tre questioni distinte ma tutte egualmente rilevanti: l’identificazione del novero dei diritti umani (e, di riflesso, dell’individuo che ne è titolare), la definizione dei mezzi di tutela e la dinamica che sovrintende alla composizione dei conflitti tra diritti.
Visto nel suo senso originario ius peregrinandi può essere considerato come una intuizione tradit... more Visto nel suo senso originario ius peregrinandi può essere considerato come una intuizione tradita. Da diritto fondamentale che preesiste agli ordinamenti politici ha finito per subire le inevitabili relativizzazioni dettate da una modernità, che ha costruito il suo ordine attraverso l’invenzione dello Stato moderno e di uno statuto della cittadinanza ancorata alla sua sovranità. Si tratta di un processo di lungo periodo che ci porta fino alle esperienze attuali, con gli “Stati fortezza” che ricorrono a misure come il respingimento in mare dei migranti o la previsione di un reato di clandestinità. Attraverso un esame multidisciplinare il presente volume si propone di fornire uno sguardo critico su alcuni paradossi che caratterizzano la disciplina dei fenomeni migratori e più ampiamente sull’artificialità della costruzione giuridica moderna dello straniero.
This book examines the notion of "state of exception" from a multidisciplinary perspective. It in... more This book examines the notion of "state of exception" from a multidisciplinary perspective. It includes contributions by lawyers, historians and political scientists.
The juridical project of modernity cannot do without the concept of statute law and its ideologic... more The juridical project of modernity cannot do without the concept of statute law and its ideological centrality. Still beyond this façade, there are yet other issues. So beyond the statute law intends to raise the question of the co-presence and integration in penal systems between the formal theory of the sources and the actual existence of «grey areas» which contributed to rule (and do they still rule?), for certain aspects, strategic sectors. The principle of legality, often represented as a mono-bloc, must face, since its very beginning, different operative levels which subject the "liberal" codes and the devices of derogation and exception to tension, ending in restraining rights and guarantees. This volume, collecting the papers of a 2010 seminar, proposes an exemplifying path directed to showing certain critical knots of the Italian experience considered in a historical and theoretical perspective.
Beyond the statute law identifies also the procedure that brings the statute law towards hybrid tools, in the border area between statute law and administration, between the "shine" and publicity of the statute law and the opaqueness of regulatory and administrative acts. An area of interest – little studied, at least in Italy – is precisely that of circulars, instructions, notes, accepted practices, etc. Therefore, sources of regulations which should define the most minute details of the execution or regulate only administrative operations, contribute, instead, to defining, in a direct way, law policies in strategic sectors of the criminal law system.
Texts by: Floriana Colao, Luigi Lacchè, Massimo Meccarelli, Carlo Sotis, Claudia Storti, Monica Stronati, Maria Letizia Zanier.
“LawArt. Rivista di Diritto, Arte e Storia"/ LawArt. Journal of Law, Art and History, 2020
“LawArt. Rivista di Diritto, Arte e Storia"/ LawArt. Journal of Law, Art and History” è una propo... more “LawArt. Rivista di Diritto, Arte e Storia"/ LawArt. Journal of Law, Art and History” è una proposta editoriale che nasce dalla storia del diritto e aspira al dialogo interdisciplinare. Pubblicata online open access, LawArt intende proporsi come strumento per favorire il confronto tra gli studiosi che sono coinvolti nelle innumerevoli variazioni del rapporto tra diritto, arte e storia, al fine di percepire i diversi modi in cui l’arte plasma, esprime e narra le dimensioni astratte e storicamente contestualizzate del fenomeno giuridico. Oltre all’incontro del diritto con la letteratura nella storia, dunque, saranno di interesse per questo foglio anche i fruttuosi incroci con le arti visive, il cinema, la musica, il teatro, i nuovi media e le forme espressive emergenti. Allo stesso tempo, LawArt si propone di indagare anche l’ambito delle questioni legali connesse alla regolamentazione interna e sovranazionale, al commercio e alla protezione delle opere d’arte e del patrimonio culturale. I fascicoli annuali della rivista saranno articolati in tre Sezioni. La prima, Aperture, è pensata come sezione miscellanea attraverso la quale esplorare, di volta in volta, nuove sfaccettature del prisma diritto e arte. La seconda sezione, Percorsi, è di tipo monografico e intende proporre itinerari all’interno di ambiti tematici caratterizzati da una relativa omogeneità, al fine di individuare spazi – formali, sostanziali, metodologici − di convergenza nel campo degli studi su diritto e arte. La terza sezione Dialoghi, è pensata come luogo di confronto, nella quale pubblicare studi su orientamenti e tendenze di ricerca, rassegne bibliografiche, recensioni, interviste, presentazioni di progetti, incluse anche cronache e notizie su eventi scientifici e culturali.
Quaderno di storia del diritto e della giustizia, 2019
Il «Quaderno di storia del penale e della giustizia» è una pubblicazione scientifica annuale prom... more Il «Quaderno di storia del penale e della giustizia» è una pubblicazione scientifica annuale promossa dal Laboratorio di storia del penale e della giustizia dell’Università di Macerata. Il Quaderno vuole essere un’occasione di riflessione e di incontro sui temi del diritto di punire e della giustizia nelle società contemporanee recuperando radici, archetipi e profondità storico‑culturale, in una prospettiva pluridisciplinare: per coltivare un dialogo critico e aperto a tutte le scienze sociali e umane e per ricostruire una visione integrata del fenomeno penale.
Le Carte e la Storia, rivista della Società per gli studi di storia delle istituzioni, è uno stru... more Le Carte e la Storia, rivista della Società per gli studi di storia delle istituzioni, è uno strumento di lavoro e di aggiornamento dedicato alla storiografia storico-istituzionale e ai suoi sviluppi, con speciale attenzione al suo rapporto con il patrimonio delle fonti. Il periodico sviluppa riflessioni di vasto respiro sulla storia delle istituzioni e propone ricerche originali nei settori più avanzati della storiografia, elabora schede che censiscono un ampio panorama della recentissima produzione libraria; offre analisi e segnalazioni degli strumenti per la ricerca, in particolare dei siti internet utili allo storico delle istituzioni; informa su convegni, seminari, gruppi di lavoro, riordinamenti archivistici e pubblicazioni di fonti.
Congresso comemorativo dos 50 anos dos Quaderni Fiorentini per la Storia del Pensiero Giuridico M... more Congresso comemorativo dos 50 anos dos Quaderni Fiorentini per la Storia del Pensiero Giuridico Moderno -- 20-21 de outubro de 2022 -- com transmissão (link na imagem)
Convegno organizzato nell'ambito delle attività dell'Osservatorio del Racconto Criminale (ORC) co... more Convegno organizzato nell'ambito delle attività dell'Osservatorio del Racconto Criminale (ORC) comunità-progetto e cluster di ricerca del LIRCES-UPR 3159 dell'Université Côte d'Azur, dedicato allo studio dello storytelling sulle mafie. https://orc.hypotheses.org/
Lecture at the VIII Course of Legal History - 2020/2021 “Law and Modernization: from the Early Mo... more Lecture at the VIII Course of Legal History - 2020/2021 “Law and Modernization: from the Early Modernity to the Technical Revolution (19th – 20th Century)” | Discussant: Prof. Diego Nunes | Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina
https://iuscommune.paginas.ufsc.br/?lang=en
La ricorrenza del centenario della nascita di Leonardo Sciascia vede anche l’Università di Messin... more La ricorrenza del centenario della nascita di Leonardo Sciascia vede anche l’Università di Messina partecipare all’approfondimento dell’opera del grande scrittore siciliano con un Convegno di Studi su Leonardo Sciascia e la Storia del diritto, patrocinato dalla Fondazione Leonardo Sciascia, dal Consiglio dell’Ordine degli Avvocati di Messina, da LawArt. Rivista di Diritto, Arte, Storia. Un aspetto finora rimasto in ombra è proprio quello relativo alla competenza non comune di Sciascia nell’uso di fonti giuridiche antiche, alla sua profondità di analisi di istituzioni, vicende processuali, personaggi, rilevanti per la storia del diritto; alla capacità di spaziare in contesti ed epoche diversi.
During the early modern period (1500-1800), individuals and communities experienced dramatic chan... more During the early modern period (1500-1800), individuals and communities experienced dramatic changes in communication and transportation, establishing practices, institutions, and infrastructure that opened up new political and economic possibilities, and changed the way people understood the world. Merchants, diplomats, scholars, intelligencers, and missionaries – really anyone whose livelihood relied on the road and postal networks – developed a sophisticated understanding of how to use these systems to communicate ideas, convey information, and deliver and receive goods. In this three-day virtual workshop, Early Modern Mobility: Knowledge, Community, Communication, and Infrastructure, 1500-1800, we bring together current research at the intersection of mobility, communication, and infrastructure. Participants and Organizers: Leo Barleta, Lucio Biasiori, Anne Conchon, Federica Favino, Paula Findlen, Tiago Gil, Jo Guldi, Howard Hotson, Mélanie Lamotte, Katie McDonough, Massimo Meccarelli, Rachel Midura, Diego Pirillo, David Richardson, Dan Riches, Beatriz E. Salamanca, Rosa Salzberg, Luca Scholz, Suzanne Sutherland, & Thomas Wallnig
Primeira aula da série "História do Direito Penal em vídeo" (organizador prof. Diego Nunes, Unive... more Primeira aula da série "História do Direito Penal em vídeo" (organizador prof. Diego Nunes, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina), com uma análise panorâmica da justiça criminal na pré-modernidade jurídica e suas principais categorias de análise, com o professor Massimo Meccarelli (Universidade de Macerata, Itália).
Ciclo de conversaciones con historiadores latinoamericanos, europeos, estadounidenses y africanos... more Ciclo de conversaciones con historiadores latinoamericanos, europeos, estadounidenses y africanos sobre diferentes perspectivas acerca del impacto de la pandemia y el confinamiento. Entrevista transmitida el 28 de mayo de 2020
Approches épistémologique et historiographique du droit criminel. Jalons pour une histoire intellectuelle du droit pénal., 2020
Comparée à l'histoire du droit civil, l'histoire pénale contemporaine souffre d'un déficit : l'hi... more Comparée à l'histoire du droit civil, l'histoire pénale contemporaine souffre d'un déficit : l'histoire intellectuelle du droit criminel est aujourd'hui peu développée. En effet, les discours, les constructions, les enseignements ou encore les acteurs du droit pénal retiennent encore trop peu l'intérêt des chercheurs et chercheuses. Loin de négliger l'apport des travaux réalisés dans ces domaines [...].
This PhD program promote research on issues of legal change related to processes of technological... more This PhD program promote research on issues of legal change related to processes of technological and social innovation. It also encourages conducting an interdisciplinary dialogue between the different legal sciences as well as between legal doctrine and other fields of knowledge. The Course activities will be based on three main lines of research: Problems and methods of legal innovation, to understand the phenomenology of legal innovation; Law and technological innovation, to analyze the relationship between law and how new technologies are used, with special reference to the digital sphere; Law and social innovation, to study law in relation to present-day social, economic and cultural change.
The PhD program promote research on issues of legal change related to processes of technological ... more The PhD program promote research on issues of legal change related to processes of technological and social innovation. It also encourages conducting an interdisciplinary dialogue between the different legal sciences as well as between legal doctrine and other fields of knowledge. The Course activities will be based on three main lines of research: Law and technological innovation, to analyze the relationship between law and how new technologies are used, with special reference to the digital sphere Law and social innovation, to study law in relation to present-day social, economic and cultural transformations; Problems and methods of legal innovation, to understand the phenomenology of legal innovation.
The teaching will analyse, in a legal-historical perspective, the relationship between rights and... more The teaching will analyse, in a legal-historical perspective, the relationship between rights and social cohesion. Considered in its history - a history that starts in the early modern age, from the discovery of the New World and the rise of Protestantism within the Christian world – the unprecedented idea to provide legal protection, directly to the natural person, by way of recognition of rights, is a consequence of the search for new approaches in producing and renewing the interest in coexisting within society and in generating new political and legal spaces. Aim of the lectures is to grasp this deeper dimension in the concept of right (which, in effect, underpins the functional destination of rights as means of legal protection).
Starting from an overview on the current framework, in which a crisis of effectivity affects fundamental, social and human rights, the teaching will propose a long-term path in the legal thought of the modern and contemporary age. The analysis, considering the different theoretical declinations, will focus on the kind of legal spatiality which is shaped through the use of the concept of right. In particular will be taken into account: the jurisdictional pluralistic space for rights, outlined by the Iberian scholastic of the modern age; the state monistic space for rights, conceived in the doctrines of natural law and social contract in the 16th and 17th centuries as well as in the main trends of legal thought in the 18th and the 19th centuries; the space of justiciability of power with respect to rights and its ultra-state dimensioning, in the constitutionalism of the second half of the 20th century up to the present time. The purpose will be also to gain a critical point of view on three phenomena, which are linked to the history of rights, and mark important changes in the modern legal experience: the relationships between the issue of diversity, the problem of legal protection and the (program to implement) equality principle; the change of function for legal protection, from an instrument to enforce justice (in legal order), to an instrument to enforce freedom (of human beings); the paradigmatic transition from legal pluralism to legal monism in legal systems.
The final part of the teaching will offer some methodological suggestions on features and function of legal history in addressing this kind of topics, which set an interdisciplinary challenge for legal studies.
Seminario del Prof. Cristiano Paixão (Universdidade de Brasilia) Visiting professor nell'Univers... more Seminario del Prof. Cristiano Paixão (Universdidade de Brasilia) Visiting professor nell'Università di Macerata
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a process of reductio ad unum of the social fabric in the legal scope, and more in general by the monistic configuration of the legal system. After identifying some particular features of legal monism in the 19th and 20th century, the analysis provides a survey of how these kind of legal systems addressed the problem of diversity; in particular, the purpose is to consider the function of special law. To this end, considering in particular the Italian case, three different approaches to the issue will be taken in account: one relating to inclusion, another emphasizing exclusion, and a third focused on anti-assimilation.
legal-protection regimes arises, and the new horizon of individual rights is explored. This article tries to analyze this original construction of legal-protection regimes, and to understand the legal space that it configures, and to assess what relevance the issue of rights has within the framework of the discursive strategies of the late scholastics in legal topics.
a process of reductio ad unum of the social fabric in the legal scope, and more in general by the monistic configuration of the legal system. After identifying some particular features of legal monism in the 19th and 20th century, the analysis provides a survey of how these kind of legal systems addressed the problem of diversity; in particular, the purpose is to consider the function of special law. To this end, considering in particular the Italian case, three different approaches to the issue will be taken in account: one relating to inclusion, another emphasizing exclusion, and a third focused on anti-assimilation.
legal-protection regimes arises, and the new horizon of individual rights is explored. This article tries to analyze this original construction of legal-protection regimes, and to understand the legal space that it configures, and to assess what relevance the issue of rights has within the framework of the discursive strategies of the late scholastics in legal topics.
The particular aim of the studies collected in this volume is to explore the impact of the crisis on law, culture and society, in order to test the depth of the problem, by comparing the analytical perspectives obtainable from legal and human sciences. The book focuses on three main issues: the crisis as a social object, in order to consider the crisis in terms of its attributing force; the problem of democracy, which is becoming an increasingly central question now, as the changes imposed by the crisis have begun to settle down; the interdisciplinary challenge that, in time of crisis, questions paradigms of knowledge, competences and methods, in order to enable an heuristic dialogue between human, social and legal sciences.
È in un continuo e sofferto rapporto dialettico che diritto e diversità si sono reciprocamente inseguiti lungo i secoli della modernità giuridica. Eppure non è stata una preoccupazione per la diversità a segnarne gli itinerari. Di essa il diritto moderno si è molto occupato ma in chiave sempre strumentale, avendo posto al centro dei suoi svolgimenti la questione dell’individuo prima che della società. Al contempo la fase attuale evidenzia una certa usura degli strumenti giuridici tradizionali e un limite complessivo di tale approccio al problema, soprattutto se si considerano i nessi della questione con la tutela dei diritti fondamentali e umani. Appare, dunque, opportuno avviare una riflessione complessiva sulla questione, assumendo la diversità, pur nella sua pluralità di valenze, come ambito tematico unitario e come categoria a partire dalla quale interrogare il diritto. Il presente volume, costituisce un tentativo in tale direzione. Esso - prendendo le mosse da tali constatazioni e avvalendosi di molteplici punti di vista disciplinari - si propone di esplorare aspetti del complesso rapporto tra diritto e diversità, assumendo come cornice di riferimento la questione dei diritti e della giustizia.
The aim of this volume, however, is not to offer abstract methodological considerations, but rather to rely both on concrete studies, out of which a reflection on this conjunction emerges, as well as on the reconstruction of certain research lines featuring a spatiotemporal component.
This analytical approach makes a contribution by providing some suggestions for the employment of space and time as coordinates for legal history. Indeed, contrary to those historiographical attitudes reflecting a monistic conception of space and time (as well as a Eurocentric approach), the book emphasises the need for a delocalized global perspective. In general terms, the essays collected in this book intend to take into account the multiplicity of the spatiotemporal confines, the flexibility of those instruments that serve to create chronologies and scenarios, as well as certain processes of adaptation of law to different times and into different spaces.
The spatiotemporal dynamism enables historians not only to detect new perspectives and dimensions in foregone themes, but also to achieve new and compelling interpretations of legal history. As far as the relationship between space and law is concerned, the book analyses experiences in which space operates as a determining factor of law, e.g. in terms of a field of action for law. Moreover, it outlines the attempted scales of spatiality in order to develop legal historical research. With reference to the connection between time and law, the volume sketches the possibility of considering the factor of time, not just as a descriptive tool, but as an ascriptive moment (quasi an inner feature) of a legal problem, thus making it possible to appreciate the synchronic aspects of the ‘juridical experience’.
As a whole, the volume aims to present spatiotemporality as a challenge for legal history. Indeed, reassessing the value of the spatiotemporal coordinates for legal history implies thinking through both the thematic and methodological boundaries of the discipline.
http://www.rg.mpg.de/publikationen/gplh-6
Beyond the statute law identifies also the procedure that brings the statute law towards hybrid tools, in the border area between statute law and administration, between the "shine" and publicity of the statute law and the opaqueness of regulatory and administrative acts. An area of interest – little studied, at least in Italy – is precisely that of circulars, instructions, notes, accepted practices, etc. Therefore, sources of regulations which should define the most minute details of the execution or regulate only administrative operations, contribute, instead, to defining, in a direct way, law policies in strategic sectors of the criminal law system.
Texts by: Floriana Colao, Luigi Lacchè, Massimo Meccarelli, Carlo Sotis, Claudia Storti, Monica Stronati, Maria Letizia Zanier.
Pubblicata online open access, LawArt intende proporsi come strumento per favorire il confronto tra gli studiosi che sono coinvolti nelle innumerevoli variazioni del rapporto tra diritto, arte e storia, al fine di percepire i diversi modi in cui l’arte plasma, esprime e narra le dimensioni astratte e storicamente contestualizzate del fenomeno giuridico. Oltre all’incontro del diritto con la letteratura nella storia, dunque, saranno di interesse per questo foglio anche i fruttuosi incroci con le arti visive, il cinema, la musica, il teatro, i nuovi media e le forme espressive emergenti. Allo stesso tempo, LawArt si propone di indagare anche l’ambito delle questioni legali connesse alla regolamentazione interna e sovranazionale, al commercio e alla protezione delle opere d’arte e del patrimonio culturale.
I fascicoli annuali della rivista saranno articolati in tre Sezioni. La prima, Aperture, è pensata come sezione miscellanea attraverso la quale esplorare, di volta in volta, nuove sfaccettature del prisma diritto e arte. La seconda sezione, Percorsi, è di tipo monografico e intende proporre itinerari all’interno di ambiti tematici caratterizzati da una relativa omogeneità, al fine di individuare spazi – formali, sostanziali, metodologici − di convergenza nel campo degli studi su diritto e arte. La terza sezione Dialoghi, è pensata come luogo di confronto, nella quale pubblicare studi su orientamenti e tendenze di ricerca, rassegne bibliografiche, recensioni, interviste, presentazioni di progetti, incluse anche cronache e notizie su eventi scientifici e culturali.
https://iuscommune.paginas.ufsc.br/?lang=en
Un aspetto finora rimasto in ombra è proprio quello relativo alla competenza non comune di Sciascia nell’uso di fonti giuridiche antiche, alla sua profondità di analisi di istituzioni, vicende processuali, personaggi, rilevanti per la storia del diritto; alla capacità di spaziare in contesti ed epoche diversi.
Participants and Organizers:
Leo Barleta, Lucio Biasiori, Anne Conchon, Federica Favino, Paula Findlen, Tiago Gil, Jo Guldi, Howard Hotson, Mélanie Lamotte, Katie McDonough, Massimo Meccarelli, Rachel Midura, Diego Pirillo, David Richardson, Dan Riches, Beatriz E. Salamanca, Rosa Salzberg, Luca Scholz, Suzanne Sutherland, & Thomas Wallnig
Entrevista transmitida el 28 de mayo de 2020
Problems and methods of legal innovation, to understand the phenomenology of legal innovation;
Law and technological innovation, to analyze the relationship between law and how new technologies are used, with special reference to the digital sphere;
Law and social innovation, to study law in relation to present-day social, economic and cultural change.
Starting from an overview on the current framework, in which a crisis of effectivity affects fundamental, social and human rights, the teaching will propose a long-term path in the legal thought of the modern and contemporary age. The analysis, considering the different theoretical declinations, will focus on the kind of legal spatiality which is shaped through the use of the concept of right. In particular will be taken into account: the jurisdictional pluralistic space for rights, outlined by the Iberian scholastic of the modern age; the state monistic space for rights, conceived in the doctrines of natural law and social contract in the 16th and 17th centuries as well as in the main trends of legal thought in the 18th and the 19th centuries; the space of justiciability of power with respect to rights and its ultra-state dimensioning, in the constitutionalism of the second half of the 20th century up to the present time.
The purpose will be also to gain a critical point of view on three phenomena, which are linked to the history of rights, and mark important changes in the modern legal experience: the relationships between the issue of diversity, the problem of legal protection and the (program to implement) equality principle; the change of function for legal protection, from an instrument to enforce justice (in legal order), to an instrument to enforce freedom (of human beings); the paradigmatic transition from legal pluralism to legal monism in legal systems.
The final part of the teaching will offer some methodological suggestions on features and function of legal history in addressing this kind of topics, which set an interdisciplinary challenge for legal studies.