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Throughout the early modern age, timber was an essential raw material for shipbuilding, and its consumption had increased since the age of discovery in the Portuguese and Spanish Monarchies. Demand was superior to the supply capacity of Iberian forest areas, which forced Iberian kings to carry out legislation concerning the safekeeping, maintenance and control of the forests that belonged to them. The union of both crowns in the figure of Philip II in 1580 brought together two distinct traditions. The king respected the political heritage of the Portuguese kingdom, including its forestry management. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to shed light on the Portuguese forests belonging to the kings that supplied timber for shipbuilding. It also explores the dynamics of politics and forestry in the Castilian case to better understand the Portuguese case. It aims to present a comparative perspective that will clarify the different management systems shaped by Spanish and Portuguese kings in relation to the political institutionalization of both Monarchies. The political structures of the Portuguese Crown evolved from the mid-fifteenth century onwards, while this change did not take place in the Spanish Monarchy until Philip II’s reign (1556-1598).
ForSEAdiscovery (funded by the Marie Curie Actions PITN-2013-GA 607545) is an interdisciplinary project encompassing history, archaeology and dendrochronology with a dual objective: to collect information on naval construction and the use of timber in shipbuilding; and to complement this research with the analysis of the archaeological evidence collected from Iberian Shipwrecks' timber and other artefacts. In this paper I will focus on the general objectivs of the ForSEAdiscovery project highlighting on some of the key historical aspects of the project whilst placing them within the context of this wider multi-disciplinary project. Historical studies have been looking into so-called "Environmental History" only for the last few decades. However, one of the most relevant aspects of the first global age has not attracted the attention of the environmental historians, the evolution of the maritime empires. The ForSEAdiscovery project focuses on the relationship between deforestation and the evolution of shipbuilding techniques in the two first maritime empires, Portugal and Spain during the Early Modern Ages.
Wachsmann, S., 2015. "Rafts by Sea to Jaffa" (2 Chronicles 2, 16). Skyllis (Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Unterwasserarchäeologie e.V.) 15(1): 40-45.
2015 •
ÁRVORES, BARCOS E HOMENS NA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA (SÉCULOS XVI-XVIII)
WHO PROTECTED PORTUGUESE FORESTS? SAFEGUARDING AND PRESERVING ROYAL AND PRIVATE FORESTS IN PORTUGAL (1605-1640)2017 •
2013 •
Caesarea Maritima has been considered an essential part of the grand plan allegedly conceived by the Roman Empire for the Mediterranean. The massive artificial harbour built there between the years 25–13 BCE has been seen as an especially designed point d’appui for Roman troops in the ongoing struggle between Rome and its persistent rival to the East – the Parthian Empire. The very foundation and development of Caesarea has been conjectured to have involved deliberate planning by the central imperial government in Rome, notably by M. Agrippa and even Augustus himself. Still more far-reaching hypotheses attribute part of the reason for the construction of Caesarea’s harbour to the vulnerability and decreasing efficiency of Antioch on the Orontes – more than 200 miles to the north. Finally, Caesarea was assigned an obvious place on the map of major ports which supported the traffic of the great grain clippers, supposedly sailing under the organization of the ever demanding Annona at Rome. This article aims to take issue with these and similar conjectures. The focus currently laid on a widely unsubstantiated notion of a Roman grand strategy at work should shift to a series of local factors playing in the background of Caesarea’s foundation, employment, and maintenance as a large artificial harbour. A picture of wide disregard of the harbour, both by the central Roman government and by troops operating in the region, would suggest that it may hardly be ascribed a significant role in the logistics of the Roman Empire.
En este trabajo pretendemos analizar el papel de los aprovechamientos madereros en el Real Sitio del Soto de Roma, enclave natural único de la Monarquía hispana localizado en la Vega de Granada, en el siglo XVII. En él crecían álamos negros ( populus nigra ) y blancos ( populus alba ), cuya madera resultaba de especial importancia, dada su resistencia a la abrasión y su elasticidad para un elemento fundamental de la industria militar, como es la realización de piezas para encabalgar la artillería, sobre todo la naval y la ubicada en presidios, así como para la elaboración de ciertas piezas navales. Asimismo, se analizará brevemente el papel de los gobernadores y alcaldes mayores en la conservación y el control de este espacio real único.
La Unión de la corona de Portugal a la Monarquía hispana en la persona de Felipe II supuso la agregación del imperio portugués al conjunto patrimonial de Felipe II. El funcionamiento de la Monarquía era impensable sin la operatividad de las armadas del Rey. Durante los sesenta años que el reino luso estuvo incorporado al patrimonio de los Hasburgo, se produjo un intercambio y transferencia de hombres, recursos económicos y materiales entre las cortes de Madrid y Lisboa que permitieron mantener en funcionamiento las armadas del rey en el reino de Portugal. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer algunas de las estrategias empleadas por Felipe II para garantizar el aprovisionamiento de madera para las armadas en la corte de Lisboa. Estrategias que fueron repetidas durante la Unión. Por un lado, la conservación y explotación de las coutadas y matas en el reino de Portugal y, por otro lado, la firma de asientos por los ministros del Rey Católico en las cortes de Lisboa y Madrid. Palabras clave: Armadas del rey, cortes de Madrid y Lisboa, madera, Coutadas y matas, asientos.
2019 •
Ler História, 75 (2919), pp. 133-156
Políticas florestais e desflorestação em Portugal, 1580-1640 : realidade ou mito?" en Ler História, 75 (2019), pp. 133-1562019 •
Tiempos Modernos. Revista electronica de Historia Moderna
Guerra y deforestación en el reino de Portugal (siglos XVI-XVII) War and deforestation in the realm of Portugal (16 th -17 th centuries2019 •
Obradoiro de Historia Moderna
NO ES MADERA PARA VASALLOS, SINO DEL REY LAS POLÍTICAS FORESTALES DE LOS HABSBURGO EN PORTUGAL (1609-16402019 •
El estudio de los bosques reales de Portugal a través de la legislación forestal en las dinastías Avis, Habsburgo y Braganza (c. 1435-1650)
Evolución de la legislación forestal en Portugal (c. 1435-1650)2017 •
Skyllis. Zeitschrift für Unterwasserarchäologie
O. Grimm, The formation of power at crucial seafaring passages in Norway2010 •
Tiempos Modernos
Trabajos forestales en la Casa Real (1845-1868): el arbolado de los Sotos de San Fernando de Henares2019 •
2017 •
Arvores, barcos e homens na Peninsula Iberica (Seculos XVI-XVIII) ForSEAdiscovery Project (PITN-GA-2013-607545)
RECONSTRUCTING TREES FROM SHIP TIMBERS: DATA ANALYSIS AND SCHEMATICS2017 •
2017 •
Congreso internacional "Kings and Queens VI: At the Shadow of the Throne". UNED, 12-15 de mayo de 2017
Fools and Dwarfs in the Court of Philip II of Spain: Wonder portraits in the Palace of El Pardo2017 •
Arvores, barcos e homens na Peninsula Iberica (Seculos XVI-XVIII) ForSEAdiscovery Project (PITN-GA-2013-607545)
BELINHO 1: REGISTO E ANÁLISE PROVISÓRIA ÀS MADEIRAS DO NAVIO2017 •
2013 •
Alteraçoes ambientais en perspectiva historica
Félix Labrador Arroyo y Koldo Trápaga Monchet Título: “La viabilidad económico.ambiental del bosque del Soto de Roma durante la dinastía Habsburgo”2018 •