Ampacity

The increased demand for power transfer in combination with environmental and economic issues which set constraints to building new lines, force the implementation of new technologies into the existing system in order to improve its power capability. Such methods involve re-tensioning, re-conductoring, or modifying the tower design to utilize composite cross-arms. It is hypothesized that a composite cross-arm and a novel conductor together provide an insulating significant opportunity to increase the overhead line voltage. The paper explores the range of options that could be implemented on an L3 overhead line tower typically used at 275kV in the United Kingdom, and demonstrates clear improvement in power capacity through the implementation of new technologies.

This paper addresses the synthesis and a detailed electrical analysis of individual copper nanowires (CuNWs). One dimensional CuNWs are chemically grown using Bromide ions (Bras as a co-capping agent. By partially replacing alkyl amines with Br-, the isotropic growth on Cu seeds was suppressed during the synthesis. To study the electrical properties of individual CuNWs, a fabrication method is developed which does not require any e-beam lithography process. Chemically grown CuNWs have an ampacity of about 30 million amps per cm 2 , which is more than one order of magnitude larger than the bulk Cu. These good qualities easy to synthesize CuNWs are an excellent candidate for creating high ampacity wires and flexible printable electronics.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILXN, VOL. 43, NO. 1,1994 MARCH ... Shunt Capacitor Effect on Electrical Distribution System Reliability ... Key WO& - Reliability improvement, Shunt capacitor, Distribution system, State-space method ... Reader Aids - General purpose: ...

Wind power generation has indicated an exponential increase during last two decades and existing transmission network infrastructure is increasingly becoming inadequate to transmit remotely generated wind power to load centres in the network. The dynamic line rating (DLR) is one of the viable solutions to improve the transmission line ampacity during high wind penetration without investing on an additional transmission network. The main objective of this study is to identify the basic differences between two main line rating standards, since transmission network service providers (TNSPs) heavily depend on these two standards when developing their line rating models. Therefore, a parameter level comparison between two line rating models is a timely requirement, in particular for high wind conditions. Study has shown that roughness factor causes a significant difference between both standards. In particular, the IEEE model indicates more conservative approach due to this parameter. In addition, solar heat-gain calculation has also resulted in significant difference in ampacity ratings between two standards. A case study was developed considering a wind rich network and it has shown that by implementing DLR in wind rich regions, it can effectively reduce line overloading incidents and accommodate wind power flows in the network without any curtailment. Moreover, ability of DLR to reduce network energy losses is also demonstrated and emphasised the importance of selecting suitable DLR candidates to minimise energy losses in the network.