Breathing

É puxar o ar que não vem porque o que vêm são utopias-Notas sobre a respiração em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19 Viviane Melo de Mendonça* Resumo. Vivemos em tempo de sufocamento. E isto não é uma me-táfora. O sufocamento social, econômico e político tem seu paralelo no corpo vivido e psíquico. Os efeitos em nossos corpos e em nossa sociedade da COVID-19 trazem o tema da respiração em sua urgência. Em específico, a respiração como um tema de estudos para as ciências humanas e sociais e, particularmente, para os estudos da condição hu-mana. Este ensaio pretendeu compreender a respiração em seu conteúdo político, tendo a pandemia de COVID-19 como cena de análise. Discorreu sobre o contexto contemporâneo e, em seguida, teceu mapas, rotas e trilhas para saídas pro-priamente afetivo-políticas e comunitárias da tese de que respirar é um ato político.

To describe the process of developing a serious game on the assessment of oxygenation of preterm
infants. A methodological study using the model of User Centered Design methodology developing
grounded by emotional design. Results: the serious game electronic-learning - e-Baby and mobile learning
- m-Baby, was developed and it presents simulated environment of an incubator in which the user
performs a clinical assessment of oxygenation in the virtual preterm infant. The user knows the history of
the preterm infant, chooses the instruments for clinical assessment, evaluates and checks the appropriate
evaluation; testing their knowledge acquired using the game. The game e-Baby presents phases, each of
them with different respiratory impairments of the virtual preterm with major and minor complication to
be evaluated. There are links that the user has the option of shooting the whole procedure of assessment
and share his/her performance in a social networking. The e-Baby integrates the free course Clinical
Assessment of Preterm Infant in the virtual environment Moodle that includes, among other interactive
activities, chat and forum and the m-baby can be accessed for free on mobile devices. The serious game
on the oxygenation of preterm infants has the potential to help in a teaching-learning process more
flexible, attractive and interactive with simulations that allow the maximum approximation to reality
found in the neonatal unit, allowing for a more appropriate training related to clinical assessment of
oxygenation a segment of the population at risk, the preterm infant. The e-Baby and m-baby allows
greater interaction user-technology educational, being student an active participant in this process and
emotionally integrated.

Momentary reductions in the electrical activity of working muscles (EMG gaps) contribute to the explanation for the relationship between psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal problems in computer work. EMG activity and gaps in the left and right trapezii were monitored in 23 participants under low and high mental workload (LMW and HMW) demands during computer data entry. Increases in EMG activity and decreases in EMG-gap frequencies in both left and right trapezius muscles were greater during HMW than LMW. In addition, heart period and end-tidal CO2 were lower during HMW, whereas self-reported mood states were higher during HMW. The correspondence between lower end-tidal CO2 and lower EMG-gap frequencies suggests that hyperventilation (overbreathing) may mediate trapezius muscle activation. The reduction of EMG gaps suggests that the salutary benefits of momentary rest from musculoskeletal work are diminished during mental stress.

... And that which burns easily in the open air and flies up into flames and smoke in being fully consumed, the same enclosed in glass vessels, you cannot reduce them further than the stage of cinders even when shaken by the highest degrees of fire. ... 128. ...

Background— The incidence and significance of gasping after cardiac arrest in humans are controversial. Methods and Results— Two approaches were used. The first was a retrospective analysis of consecutive confirmed out-of-hospital cardiac arrests from the Phoenix Fire Department Regional Dispatch Center text files to determine the presence of gasping soon after collapse. The second was a retrospective analysis of 1218 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Arizona documented by emergency medical system (EMS) first-care reports to determine the incidence of gasping after arrest in relation to the various EMS arrival times. The primary outcome measure was survival to hospital discharge. An analysis of the Phoenix Fire Department Regional Dispatch Center records of witnessed and unwitnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with attempted resuscitation found that 44 of 113 (39%) of all arrested patients had gasping. An analysis of 1218 EMS-attended, witnessed, out-of-hospital c...

In recent times breathing exercises and modalities such as delivering hyperbaric oxygen are being promoted as a way of easing some of the symptoms in autism. Are these methods REALLY working? Can breathing be applied as an epigenetic tool in the treatment of autism? This article presents the mechanics underlying the art of breathing in the context of autism and explores the myths and the benefits of the same.
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In this article I am investigating a possibility to think the phenomenon of hospitality in a new way within the atmospheres of air and breathing. In my article I am developing the idea of respiratory and aerial hospitality as a condition of possibility for any traditional notions of hospitality between the host and the guest, between the self and the stranger.

In this presentation we will be interrogating, for example, the following questions: 1. What is the connection between meditative practice and the phenomenon of breathing? 2. What is the connection between one’s self and breathing? 3. Why do so many meditative practices, for example mindfulness meditation, use breathing as the primary object of attention? 4. How could deeper understanding of our intersubjective somatic experience of breathing make our meditative practice richer as well as our everyday life more mindful?

This position paper seeks to address the operational logic that created the conditions for the pandemic to take hold. Grasping the crisis as an opportunity for an anthropological inquiry across disciplines, this exploration firmly anchors design inside the social commitment required by breathing bodies and life-enabling atmospheres. By infusing the self-understanding of design with experiences and conceptions from Eastern and Western ‘breathwork’ practices the adaptation strategy in uncertainty shifts from perpetuating the status quo towards the creative reinterpretation of internal priorities. It also changes the nature of our projects, from making to enacting, from preprogrammed solutions to earthly engagement, from interfacing with inert matter to caring for living matters. Taking our universally shared breath as the resounding call for action, ‘breathful’ design is about the never-finished, perpetually opening task of persisting through bodily vigilance, diligence, and self-crit...

En temps de Covid-19, les problèmes respiratoires occupent le devant de la scène : du port du masque rendu obligatoire, ici et là à travers le monde, aux patients sous respiration artificielle dans les services de réanimation, sans oublier le « I can’t breathe », lié notamment au mouvement Black Lives Matter. Les chauves-souris, en raison de leur position au repos, respirent la tête en bas. Elles savent donc déjà tout – avant même de se retrouver en situation d’accusées – de ce qu’il en est des maux respiratoires qui conduisent les humains, en état de suffocation planétaire, à les imiter bien malgré eux. Une mise en dessins, en provenance du pays lobi burkinabè et collectée en période post-Ebola, illustre cette problématique existentielle qui transgresse toutes les frontières du vivant.
In Covid-19 times, respiratory problems have taken center stage : from the mandatory mask wearing in many public places to patients on ventilators in intensive care units, not to mention the “I can’t breathe” linked in particular to the Black Lives Matter movement. Due to their resting position bats breathe upside down. They therefore already know—even before they find themselves in a position of a defendant—about the respiratory ailments that lead humans, in a state of planetary suffocation, to imitate them involuntarily. A set of drawings from the Lobi country of Burkina Faso, collected in the post-Ebola period, illustrates this existential problem that transgresses all the boundaries of life.

INTIMAL is a physical virtual embodied system for relational listening that integrates body movement, oral archives, and voice expression through telematic improvisatory performance in migratory contexts. It has been informed by nine Colombian migrant women who express their migratory journeys through free body movement, voice and spoken word improvisation. These improvisations have been recorded using Motion Capture, in order to develop interfaces for co-located and telematic interactions for the sharing of narratives of migration. In this paper, using data from the Motion Capture experiments, we are exploring two specific movements from improvisers: displacements on space (walking, rotating), and breathing data. Here we envision how co-relations between walking and breathing, might be further studied to implement interfaces that help the making of connections between place, and the feeling of presence for people in-between distant locations.

Resumo: Este artigo tem por finalidade discutir e apontar reflexões sobre como desenvolver a conscientização e o interesse na observação da respiração. A pesquisa está direcionada para o estudo e a prática instrumental do violino e da viola. Por meio de diversos exercícios, procurar-se-á facilitar o autoconhecimento e o controle da respiração, para que, assim, o instrumentista experimente suas sensações benéficas no cotidiano da sua prática musical. Abstract: This study aims to discuss and acknowledge thoughts on how to develop consciousness and the interest on the observation of breathing. This research is focused on the practice and performing of the violin and the viola. Through various exercises, we try to ease the self-knowledge and control of breathing, so that in this manner, the player can experience its own benefic sensations in his daily musical practice.

By recording ECG and breath signals from 10 normal male subjects during symmetric breathing at controlled rates, including breath hold to achieve low breathing rates, heart rate variability (HRV) and variations in the peak to peak amplitude of the R to S wave are analyzed. The subjects synchronized their breathing rate to an auditory metronome, which was programmed to generate two equispaced tones for every cycle, at rates of 60 down to 2 cycles per minute. The amplitude of the RS-wave varies negatively correlated to the respiratory signal. The respiration-inspired fluctuations in the heart rate continue during the breath-held intervals too, and the variations undergo two or three cycles in every respiration cycle for very low breathing rates. On the other hand, R-S amplitude does not change significantly during breath hold before or after inspiration. Thus, for very slow breathing, the RS-wave amplitude spectrum has a peak at the respiration rate mainly, whereas the HRV spectrum has significant peaks at the second and third harmonics of the respiration rate also.

This paper reviews the history of heart rate variability biofeedback. Interest in the method has evolved from several directions, eventually mutually influencing each other, and often through workshops provided by the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. My own work was influenced by long-term use of the technique in Russia, and from research by Evgeny Vaschillo using transfer function analysis among heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, to show how the technique stimulates the baroreflex; also by Richard Gevirtz in frequent workshops given together. Work at the HeartMath Institute independently evolved from experience with music relaxation and “heartfelt emotion,” and other research evolved from American psychophysiological research. Brief descriptions of the development of interest and work in this field are provided by Richard Gevirtz, Rollin McCraty (HeartMath), Fredric Shaffer, and Robert Nolan, as well as myself.

The aim of this study was to examine how estrous cycle, ovariectomy, and hormonal replacement affect the respiratory [ventilation (V̇e), tidal volume, and respiratory frequency], metabolic (V̇o2), and thermoregulatory (body temperature) responses to hypercapnia (7% CO2) in female Wistar rats. The parameters were measured in rats during different phases of the estrous cycle, and also in ovariectomized (OVX) rats supplemented with 17β-estradiol (OVX+E2), with a combination of E2 and progesterone (OVX+E2P), or with corn oil (OVX+O, vehicle). All experiments were conducted on day 8 after ovariectomy. The intact animals did not present alterations during normocapnia or under hypercapnia in V̇e, tidal volume, respiratory frequency, V̇o2, and V̇e/V̇o2 in the different phases of the estrous cycle. However, body temperature was higher in female rats on estrus. Hormonal replacement did not change the ventilatory, thermoregulatory, or metabolic parameters during hypercapnia, compared with the ...