EXERCISES

Vocabulary knowledge plays a primary role in the ability to communicate in a second/foreign language. The present study examined how different input or output modalities combined with audiovisual input provided by TED-ED videos could foster vocabulary learning. In doing so, some written tasks and exercises were used to facilitate the process. Participants were 56 upper-intermediate EFL learners in four classes who were selected based on convenience sampling. They were randomly assigned to one control and three experimental groups. Audiovisual input was employed in the experimental groups and was followed by speaking (n=13), listening (n=14), and reading (n=15) activities. The control group (n=14) practiced the same materials via reading and listening to control the audiovisual input effect. A Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) administered at the outset helped in selecting 60 unknown words. After the instruction treatment, the participants took immediate and delayed post-tests. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that audiovisual input, followed by speaking activities was more effective than other types of classroom practices. The frequency of target words in the tasks and the results of statistical analysis (mixed between within-subjects analysis of variance) on the exercises confirmed the MANOVA results. The retrospective questionnaire underlined the role of the films in vocabulary learning. The researchers concluded that audiovisual input followed by spoken output was more useful than audiovisual input followed by listening or reading. In addition, although facilitative, written tasks and exercises did not have a differential role in the results. The study has implications for SLA researchers, language teachers, and practitioners. Resumen El conocimiento de vocabulario desempeña un papel primordial en la capacidad de comunicarse en un segundo idioma o en un idioma extranjero. El presente estudio examinó cómo diferentes modalidades de input o output combinadas con input audiovisual proporcionada por videos TED-ED podrían fomentar el aprendizaje de vocabulario. Para ello, se utilizaron algunas tareas y ejercicios escritos para facilitar el proceso. Los participantes fueron 56 estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera de nivel intermedio alto en cuatro clases que fueron seleccionados con base en un muestreo por conveniencia. Fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de control y tres grupos experimentales. La información audiovisual se empleó en los grupos experimentales y fue seguida por prácticas de habla (n = 13), escucha (n = 14) y lectura (n = 15). El grupo de control (n = 14) practicó los mismos materiales a través de la lectura y la escucha para controlar el efecto del input audiovisual. Una Escala de Conocimiento de Vocabulario (VKS) administrada desde el principio ayudó a seleccionar 60 palabras desconocidas. Después del tratamiento de instrucción, los participantes se sometieron a pruebas posteriores inmediatas y diferidas. El análisis de varianza multivariado (MANOVA) mostró que el input audiovisual, seguido de las actividades de conversación, fue más efectivo que otros tipos de prácticas en el aula. La frecuencia de las palabras objetivo en las tareas y los resultados del análisis estadístico (análisis de varianza mixto entre sujetos) en los ejercicios confirmaron los resultados de MANOVA. El cuestionario retrospectivo subrayó el papel de las películas en el aprendizaje de vocabulario. Los investigadores concluyeron que el input audiovisual seguida de output hablado era más útil que el input audiovisual, solo, seguido de escuchar o leer. Además, las tareas y ejercicios escritos no tuvieron un papel diferencial en los resultados. El estudio tiene implicaciones para los investigadores, profesores de idiomas y profesionales de SLA.

Resumo: O presente artigo trata do pensamento de Epicteto pelo viés do exercício (áskēsis), ou seja, por meio de práticas que conduzem ao aperfeiçoamento de quem elege para si o ofício de filósofo. Para tal, inicialmente esclarecemos o que significam os exercícios na filosofia antiga, tendo como subsídio as teses de Pierre Hadot. Logo depois, exploramos seis exercícios que consideramos centrais para o filósofo de Nicópolis, contextualizando com os ensinamentos que estão envolvidos e descrevendo as principais características de seu método. Por fim, defendemos que a importância deste artigo está em esclarecer a áskēsis em Epicteto de maneira a evitar possíveis anacronismos.
Palavras-chave: Epicteto, Exercício, Áskēsis, Desejo, Proaíresis.

Abstract: This article deals with Epictetus' thought through the exercise bias (áskēsis), that is, through the perfectioning practices of those who choose the office of philosophy. In order to do so, we first clarified what exercises in ancient philosophy mean, based on the theses of Pierre Hadot. Continuing, we explore six exercises considered central to the philosopher of Nicopolis, contextualizing with the teachings involved and describing the main characteristics of his method. Finally, we argue that the importance of this article lies in clarifying the áskēsis in Epictetus in order to avoid possible anachronisms.

The objective of this course manual is to support the course facilitators in the understanding of the subject matter during the delivery of the online Risk Analysis course. It complements the course content by providing the facilitators with an overview of the learning materials—presentations, case studies, and readings—and explains how the case studies and readings link to the presentations as well as how they reinforce the main points of each module. This course manual also provides the facilitators with step-by-step solutions to the knowledge checks, assignments and End-of-Course Project. It also includes guidance on how to lead and structure discussions during the course, recommended initial and follow-up questions, and guidelines for preparing discussion summaries.

The purpose of this article is to provide entrepreneurship educators with examples of exercises to foster creativity within their entrepreneurship programs.  We discuss attributes that develop creativity as well as those that deter creativity. We also outline 10 specific exercises that instructors can use in their classrooms to stimulate creativity. The practical implications of the article will allow entrepreneurship educators to become more proficient in stimulating student creativity in today’s ever-changing environment.

Here’s an easy-to-understand guide to what the pelvic floor is, what it does, how to find these muscles, and tips regarding when to see a professional. Plus, it provides five exercises to help strengthen your pelvic floor that you can start doing right away!

Introduction: The prevalence of Anterior Knee Pain (ANP) has been reported between
15% and 45% in Europe. Muscle weakness is a predisposing factor for ANP. The purpose
of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of McKenzie and common exercises
on quadriceps and hamstring muscles strengthening and consequently relieving anterior
knee pain.
Materials and Methods: A total of 22 patients with ANP (Mean [SD] age: 29.191 [1.658]
y) were randomly assigned into control and experiment groups. Each group consisted of 11
subjects. The treatment program included hot pack and acupuncture like TENS modalities
for 10 sessions. From the third session, the exercise was added to each group’s treatment
program separately. The control group exercises consisted of strengthening exercises of
the knee, thigh and trunk muscles. In the experiment group, the subjects were initially
classified according to mechanical diagnostic tests of McKenzie. This classification is
based on patient’s response to repetitive movements or constant positions at their end range
of motion. The exercise was prescribed according to directional preference which was
specific for each case. The strength of quadriceps and hamstring muscles were assessed in
three stages with hand held dynamometer. The repeated measure ANOVA test was used
to compare variables between two groups. The ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test were
used for intra-group comparisons. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS V. 21.
Results: The strength of quadriceps muscle in both groups showed a significant
improvement (P<0.001) after the third evaluation. There was no significant difference
between the two groups in this regard. There was no significant difference between two
groups in hamstring strength among all stages.
Conclusion: In patients with ANP, McKenzie exercises like common exercises can
improve the strength of quadriceps muscle.

Teaching a foreign language is a challenge. In such a case, teaching translation is more than a challenge, primarily if students are taught the bilateral interpretation (Russian and English language combinations), and each of the mentioned above languages is a foreign one for them (our students are from China, Turkey, Japan, Algeria, Egypt, South Korea, and other countries). What are the invariant unbiased difficulties for foreigners determined by the grammatical system of the language combination? Should teachers consider phonetics and peculiar phonetic properties, or is it just enough to familiarize students with them? What are the optimal teaching methods and exercises? What is more important in translation, equivalence, or accuracy? Are the methods of consecutive interpretation's teaching applicable in bilateral interpretation teaching? To answer these problematic questions, we dedicated our article to the specific features of teaching international students. The study is based on our practical experience of teaching international students. We also present our most productive teaching methods, exercises, and the use of available digital technologies of the 21st century.

Background: Chronic back pain has been the nemesis of the human race since the time they evolved and began
walking on their two legs; leaving aside the 4 limb locomotion of their predecessors. Varied are the causes of low
back ache and facet joint syndrome is one amongst them. Hence this study was undertaken to find out the
effectiveness of SNAGS and conventional physiotherapy in patients with lumbar facet joint syndrome. Purpose:
To describe the management and outcomes of 4 patients with lumbar facet joint syndrome treated with Sustained
Natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs), Therapeutic Ultrasound and lumbar stabilization exercises. Study Design :
A case series of consecutive patients with Lumbar facet syndrome Case Description: Four consecutive patients
(mean age 52 years) who presented with lumbar facet syndrome were treated with two weeks protocol which
included Sustained Natural apophyseal glides, Therapeutic Ultrasound (Cont. 1-MHz , 2.0-W/cm
, 10min)and
lumbar stabilization exercises. Follow up was taken 1 week after the end of active intervention. All patients
completed Visual analogue Scale (VAS), Modified Oswestery Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), Sorensen Test
hold Timing and spinal Range of motion on initial assessment, immediately at the end of active intervention (2
weeks)  and at the end of follow up. Outcome: All four patients showed the mean percentage change in score of
VAS 49.87 %, MODQ 61.14 %, Sorensen test scores 19.63 %, Flexion range 9.21 % and extend range 17.07 % at
the end of follow up. Conclusion: All four patients with Lumbar facet joint syndrome treated with sustained
natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS), Therapeutic Ultrasound and lumbar stabilisation exercises exhibited reduced
pain, reduced disability, improved endurance of back muscles and range of motion at the time follow-up.

There has been a continuous open deliberation about whether the exercises of brands and organizations in online networking space has a quantifiable rate of return. A few analysts accept that social media platforms give a one of a kind chance for brands to cultivate their associations with clients, while others accept the opposite. Some see it as a rising medium for generating brand mindfulness and reliability though other contend that there is no successful rate of return from such activities. This paper, based on investigation of distributed writing in the Indian market, expects to highlight the developing significance of social media for advertisers in India by aggregating how a few brands are now harvesting advantages from their ventures and moving beyond just “likes” and “followers”

In 2011, the author was invited to teach landscape architecture to B.Arch Students. This invitation is, centered on re-imagining and re-writing the curriculum of the landscape architecture subject to make it more relevant. This essay will briefly talk about the process and the discussion and that led to a new reader. It will talk about the subsequent framework for the syllabus and some of the typologies exercises that were developed. It will also try to examine what it did and, more importantly, what it did not achieve in four and a half years it was executed along with other observations that were learnt the hard way.

Sub-acromial pain syndrome (SAPS) in overhead athletes is the most common reason for shoulder pain. As a rational decision, the medical treatments of today will likely be the best cure for this particular population. Conservative techniques are generally utilised to treat inflammation and pain through electrophysical approaches or to control the subacromial space to avoid impingement by rotator cuff and scapular muscle exercises, as the SAPS (subacromial pressure) mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this analysis is to assess the efficiency of these measures for pain reduction and function improvement. The literature, the best research source to be used, was searched using such search engines as PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The articles were chosen in a manner that relates to the study objective and also their scientific relevance. This research may inform that in subjects with a reduced subacromial space, exercise can have a greater impact on overhead athletes. The effectiveness of centred therapy with Extracorporeal Shockwave (ESWT) on severe plantar fasciitis is uncertain. A greater cohort with its training efficiency in comparison with the conventional physiotherapy programme is required to demonstrate the efficacy of SAPS bodyblade exercise on overhead athletes.

The study aims to identify the values of Certain kinematics variables to field defends skill in volleyball with players of the clubs of section II 'nobles' and the discovery of mechanical errors that have an impact on the skill performance when volleyball players’ accuracy, identify the percentage contribution of some kinematics variables in result skill performance, indicate that the kinematics variables significant impact on the development of corrective exercises own skill, and finally to show the effectiveness of the exercise corrective built according kinematics variables extracted from videos analysis of performance of the players and proposed to correct skill performance of the players in clubs of section II ''nobles''.
In order to further study, we used the experimental method on a sample deliberate volleyball clubs activist in the second national department (regional center) volleyball, and was the 30 players, a control group of 15 Players and an experimental group of 15 club players (NAHD), (NRBH), (ASJK). Using the field observation, videography, Anthropometric measurements, field defends skill testing, kinematic analysis of videos. The researchers found that corrective exercises programmed her highly effective in developing and improving skill performance of the players of clubs in section II ''nobles'', kinematics analysis helps to detect and determine the kinetic errors in performance, kinematics analysis helps build corrective exercises necessary to amend the players mistakes. From all this, the researchers concluded that kinematics variables and because of its importance is an important factor that should be resorted to in order to develop and improve the performance of the players in the field defends skill in volleyball. Therefore, the researchers suggest the need to be a coach familiar with the principles of bio-mechanics and familiar techniques of analysis and variables kinematics skill, help of the principles of bio-mechanics and the results of the kinematic analysis to propose practical exercises and corrective exercises for skills errors.

Objectives: Pronation distortion syndrome is one of the common physical deformities, that causes distortions in the skeletal structures of the feet. The current study aimed to determine the effects of 12 weeks of systematic and functional corrective exercises on the body posture of students with pronation distortion syndrome.  Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 volunteers suffering from pronation distortion syndrome were selected. Then, they were randomly divided into two 15-member groups, i.e. the experimental and the control groups. The experimental group practiced systematic and functional corrective exercises for 12 weeks (three sessions a week, each lasting an hour), while the control group did not receive any exercises. Before and after the exercises, the students were evaluated using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) screening test as well as body posture tests, including flat feet, pronation angle of ankle joint, knock-knee (bow-leggedness or genu valgum), and ...

A tanulmány által vizsgált magyar nyelvi tankönyvek nem foglalkoznak azzal a grammatikai kategóriával, amely más korábbi kiadványokban állandó határozóként volt feltüntetve. Az aszemantikus vonzatoknak is nevezett csoport közoktatásbeli mellőzését feltételezhetően a definíciójának a bonyolultsága, valamint az idesorolt szintagmatagok magas fokú szemantikai diverzitása indokolja. A tanulmány első része a határozók legfontosabb anyanyelv-pedagógiai kérdéseit tárgyalja. A második része az említett aszemantikus csoporthoz, tágabb értelemben pedig a jelentésük szempontjából absztrakt minőségű konstrukciókhoz kínál fel néhány könnyen kivitelezhető, példákkal szemléltetett, elméletfüggetlen gyakorlatot. Mindemellett tanácsokat is ad arra az esetre, ha megkerülhetetlenné válna e speciális bővítménytípus részletes ismertetése az anyanyelvi órán. A bemutatott metodikai ötletek a kérdéses mondatrésztípusba sorolt elemek analízisében és egyúttal a metaforizáció témakörének a megalapozásában nyújthatnak segítséget.

Hungarian language textbooks examined in this study do not discuss the grammatical category that is presented as constant adverb in earlier publications. The group also called as asemantic arguments is ignored in education. This might be explained by the difficulty of its definition and the high semantic diversity of the relevant phrases. The first part of the study discusses the most important questions of adverbs in first language pedagogy. The second part provides easily implementable, theory-independent exercises with examples. It also gives advice on cases where the detailed introduction of this special type of argument is unavoidable in first language classes. The presented methodological ideas provide help with the analysis of this questionable part of a sentence and also with the foundation of metaphorization.

Are you suffering from back pain which is very big problem of many of the people. In this ebook there are some tips and lifestyle habits to solve. There is a special tips and professional advise in this ebook, which will 100% say your Back Pain Bye Bye.

Objectives: Pronation distortion syndrome is one of the common physical deformities, that causes distortions in the skeletal structures of the feet. The current study aimed to determine the effects of 12 weeks of systematic and functional corrective exercises on the body posture of students with pronation distortion syndrome.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 volunteers suffering from pronation distortion syndrome were selected. Then, they were randomly divided into two 15-member groups, i.e. the experimental and the control groups. The experimental group practiced systematic and functional corrective exercises for 12 weeks (three sessions a week, each lasting an hour), while the control group did not receive any exercises. Before and after the exercises, the students were evaluated using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) screening test as well as body posture tests, including flat feet, pronation angle of ankle joint, knock-knee (bow-leggedness or genu valgum), and lumbar lordosis (swayback). The obtained data were analyzed using the dependent and independent t-tests (P<0.05).
Results: After 12 weeks of systematic and functional corrective exercises, the experimental group showed significant improvement in FMS and body posture (P=0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in the control group (P<0.05). In general, the body posture of the experimental group was significantly better than the control group (P=0.001).
Discussion: Based on the findings of the current study, systematic and functional corrective exercises improve the body posture of students suffering from pronation distortion syndrome. Therefore, these exercises are recommended for such students.

The unsolved problem of obesity: Coping with overweight is one of the most desperating issues for those who experience it. Conventional efforts for treating the problem by means of diet and physical exercise are revealed again and again as ineffective in the long run. Still, most human beings keep trying in the same ways. The result is always another rise in weight, with the addition of failure feelings, helplessness and desperation. The reason for failure lies in the misunderstanding of the dynamics in which the physical body gains weight.

Resumo: Este artigo tem por finalidade discutir e apontar reflexões sobre como desenvolver a conscientização e o interesse na observação da respiração. A pesquisa está direcionada para o estudo e a prática instrumental do violino e da viola. Por meio de diversos exercícios, procurar-se-á facilitar o autoconhecimento e o controle da respiração, para que, assim, o instrumentista experimente suas sensações benéficas no cotidiano da sua prática musical. Abstract: This study aims to discuss and acknowledge thoughts on how to develop consciousness and the interest on the observation of breathing. This research is focused on the practice and performing of the violin and the viola. Through various exercises, we try to ease the self-knowledge and control of breathing, so that in this manner, the player can experience its own benefic sensations in his daily musical practice.

Background: Mechanical low back pain exists in every culture and country and 80 % of all human beings experience mechanical low back pain at some point in their lives. Core stabilization exercises are widely used in treatment and prevention of mechanical low back pain since it decreases pain and improves function. Co-Contraction of ankle dorsiflexion with Abdomen draw-in maneuver with Pressure Biofeedback changes both level of muscle activity and the way that the muscle co-activate to stabilize whole body and spine.ity. There are no studies comparing core stability exercises with biofeedback which is providing feedback during exercise training. Hence this study is intended to find the effectiveness of Co-Contraction of ankle dorsiflexion with Abdomen draw-in maneuver and Core Stabilization Training with Pressure Biofeedback in reducing pain and activity limitation in subjects suffering from mechanical low back pain. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Co-Contraction of ankle dorsiflexion with Abdomen draw-in maneuver and Core Stabilization Training with Pressure Biofeedback in reducing pain and activity limitation in mechanical low back pain. Methodology: This study included 60 mechanical low back pain students of both genders between age group of 20-25 years. They are randomly divided into 2 groups, Group A and Group B. Group A received core stabilization exercises using pressure biofeedback and Group B received co-contraction of ankle dorsiflexion with abdomen draw-in maneuver using pressure biofeedback. Pain was measured using VAS before intervention and after 2 weeks of intervention. Functional disability was measured using ODI before intervention and after 2 weeks of intervention. Results: There was highly significant difference between the VAS Scores in both groups noted respectively with p values of P < 0.04 andP < 0.01. In both groups there was highly significant difference between the ODI scores was noted with p=0.04 and P=0.01 respectively. There was highly significant difference between the VAS Scores in the subjects in the co-contraction of ankle dorsiflexion with abdomen draw-in maneuver group i.e. P> 0.01 and highly significant difference between the ODI scores in the subjects in group A and B (P 0.001) were note in between group analysis. Conclusion: From the present study, it has been concluded that co-contraction of ankle dorsiflexion with abdomen draw-in maneuver is effective in reducing pain and functional disability in students with mechanical low back pain.

Back pain is one of the most common diagnosis in the world. Nearly 80 percent of you will experience back pain at least once in your life. Many will experience discomfort for a month or longer. The back is made up of several components, such as disc, vertebrae, nerve roots, muscles and ligaments. Damage to anyone of these areas can result in back pain. The good news, there's several different natural back pain treatments out there that can help your suffering. Back pain is usually classified in two categories, acute back pain and chronic back pain. Acute pain refers to sudden pain, the type of pain that trauma and injury would bring on. Acute pain is short term pain, lasting no longer then a few months. Chronic pain refers to long-term pain that has lasted 3 months or monger. Chronic pain can be the result of injury, medical conditions, disease or brought on by yourself. Although your back can heal and your discomfort can go away on its own, chronic pain often requires proper treatment and testing.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes is on the increasing trend in India due to rapid urbanization and lifestyle modification. Physical inactivity plays a major role in increasing insulin sensitivity, thereby improving glycemic control and preventing complications, premature death and disability. But, only 55% of adults in India is physically active and there seems to exist various barriers for physical activity.

In this paper the video is seen as a means of learning a foreign language. As you know, at the present stage of
learning a foreign language in terms of vocational education, we often encounter such a problem as the lack of an
active language environment.
Three stages of working with text examined in this work: pre-viewing, while viewing, after- viewing. At each stage,
it proposes a number of jobs with video. According to russian and foreign trainers, using the video in the classroom
realizes the principle of immersion to learn a foreign language. Besides, in this paper presents exercises for working
with videos and a summary of business in which an interesting work with videos.
Besides the article suggests a number of requirements that have been developed by teachers for a successful using
of videos in the classroom of a foreign language.