Diesel engine

This work proposes a methodology of identifying linear parameter varying (LPV) models for nonlinear systems. First, linear local models in some operating points, by applying standard identifications procedures for linear systems in time domain, are obtained. Next, a LPV model with linear fractional dependence (LFR) with respect to measured variables is fitted with the condition of containing all the linear models identified in previous step (differential inclusion). The fit is carried out using nonlinear least squares algorithms. Finally, this identification methodology will then be applied to a nonlinear turbocharged diesel engine.

This paper investigates typical behaviors like damped oscillations in fractional order (FO) dynamical systems. Such response occurs due to the presence of, what is conceived as, pseudo-damping and meta-damping in some special class of FO systems. Here, approximation of such damped oscillation in FO systems with the conventional notion of integer order damping and time constant has been carried out using Genetic Algorithm (GA). Next, a multilayer feed-forward Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been trained using the GA based results to predict the optimal pseudo and meta-damping from knowledge of the maximum order or number of terms in the FO dynamical system.

The global energy and environmental situations have intensified the use of alternative and clean fuels. This is true for city buses, taxis, delivery vehicles and personal cars. The unique properties of hydrogen make it suitable as a fuel for vehicles powered with both, internal combustion or electric engines, too. However, the problems associated with the production and storage of hydrogen currently limits the application of pure hydrogen as engine fuel for vehicles. As a contribution to the global strategy, this paper focuses on designing of city bus for hydrogen power using an original propulsion system. The concept of gaseous hydrogen storage under high pressure is analyzed here. In the bus on hydrogen, the cylinders with this fuel are mounted on the roof because of reasons of little available space. In the paper is proposed a method for the reconstruction of the bus, with respect to the installation of specific components for the use of compressed hydrogen gas as well as for the...

In the present work, a model with the thermophysical properties of Heavy Fuel Oil, typically used in marine diesel en- gines, has been developed, and implemented into the KIVA CFD code. The effect of fuel properties on spray atomization is investigated by performing simulations in a constant-volume high-pressure chamber, using the E-TAB and the USB breakup models. Two different nozzle

Biodiesel which is a biodegradable, nontoxic and ecofriendly fuel was produced from Tropical Almondseed oil. The almond oil was extracted using n-hexane and then transesterified using CaO catalystderived from snail shell into biodiesel. The catalyst was calcined and characterized using ThermalGravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform-InfraRed (FT-IR) methods. The Physicochemicaland fuel properties of the biodiesel were determined and compared to ASTM approved ranges. TheFatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) present in Tropical Almond biodiesel after characterization analysisper area percent include; Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (55.95 %), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid,methyl ester (5.88 %), 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (9.23 %), Cyclopropane, (2-methylenebutyl)(0.07 %) and Methyl stearate (4.58 %). The optimum yield of biodiesel (73.60 %) was obtained at atemperature of 60 °C and time of 120 minutes. The experimental results showed the percentage yield ofAlmond Seed Oil to...

With rapid growth in population there is need to find alternative fuels to power diesel engines. One fuel considered is Tyre pyrolysis oil which is a mixture of hydrocarbons with a boiling range of between 70 and 400°C. In this work, the fraction of tyre pyrolysis oil that resembles diesel fuel based on distillation range (150 – 360 oC) was extracted through fractional distillation. The ef ect of using dif erent blends of the distilled tyre pyrolysis oil (DTPO) and diesel fuel on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a single cylinder diesel engine was carried out. A comparative analysis was performed with conventional diesel fuel as the reference fuel. The power and torque were similar at low and medium speeds. However, at high speeds the power dropped with increase in DTPO in the blend. Fuel consumption was very comparable for all the test fuels. Carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon was higher for the blends compared to diesel but oxides of Nitrogen were lower. Present results indicate that, diesel can be blended with up to 60% DTPO and produce acceptable performance.

Experimental study has been carried out to investigate performance parameters, emissions, cylinder pressure, exhaust gas temperature (Texhaust) and engine wall temperatures (Twall) for direct injection diesel engine. Tests were conducted for sunflower oil (S100) and 20% jojoba oil+80% pure diesel fuel (B20) in comparison to pure diesel fuel with different engine speeds. S100 and B20 were selected for the study

To design a disc type cam operated injector nozzle to improve the ignition characteristic of fuel. This project include the injector nozzle disc with holes for spray and cam mechanism for needle operation. Nozzle needle will be operated by camshaft instead of fuel pressure as operated in conventional fuel injection system. Disc will be placed at the tip instead of multi hole. Disc consist number of holes in specific pattern. Disc will be rotated to obtain the swirl flow & fuel will be injected in such a way that it will be completely mixed with the air to form a uniform mixture. By this swirl flow and wide spray injection the fuel will be properly mixes with air and desired output can be obtained. By this project it is assumed that ignition characteristics will be improved increase in efficiency increase in power and reduction in pollution.